• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2023

In order to develop and take full advantage of pasture fiber and waste concrete, this article studied how different amounts of pasture fiber influenced the toughness and pore structure of concrete with different replacement rates of recycled fine aggregate. Pasture fiber recycled concrete constitutive equations were established under idealized stiffness and toughness damage rate, based on fracture energy and damage mechanics theories. The relationship between pore structure and toughness was studied utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance and fractal theory. The toughness of text groups (0% (JZ), 10% (ZS10), 20% (ZS20)) first increased and then decreased with increasing amounts of pasture fiber, based on the damage rate of toughness. The toughness of concrete samples with recycled fine aggregate and pasture fiber is negatively correlated to the fractal dimension of small and medium-sized pores with a pore size of 0-500 nm. At a replacement rate of 10% of the recycled fine aggregate, the fractal dimension of the air voids (r: 500-9000 nm, i.e., Lg(r) ∈ [2.7, 3.9]) shows a gradual decrease with the increase of grass fiber dosage, indicating that with such a replacement rate of the recycled fine aggregate, the increase of pasture fiber can reduce the complexity of the pore structure of the air voids (500-9000 nm).

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2004

This study constructed a 3D real-time numerical model that predicts the water quality and movement characteristics of the inner bay, considering the characteristics of the wind-driven current and density current in estuaries, generated by the river discharge from the Hyeong-san river and oceanic water of the Eastern sea. The numerical model successfully calculated the seawater circulation current of Yeong-il Bay, using the input conditions oj the real-time tidal current, river discharge, and weather conditions during March 2001. This study also observed the wind-driven current and density current in estuaries that are effected by the seawater circulation pattern of the inner bay. We investigated and analyzed each impact factor, and its relationship to the water quality of Yeong-il bay.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.691-706
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• 2020

Necessary and sufficient conditions are provided under which the weighted Moore-Penrose inverse A^†_MN exists, where A is an adjointable operator between Hilbert C^⁎-modules, and the weights M and N are only self-adjoint and invertible. Relationship between weighted Moore-Penrose inverses A^†_MN is clarified when A is fixed, whereas M and N are variable. Perturbation analysis for the weighted Moore-Penrose inverse is also provided.

• Architectural research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2021

A concrete-filled circular steel tube beam was fabricated, and a bending test was performed to analyze its failure modes, displacement ductility, bending-shear strength, and load-central deflection relationship. For the bending test, the installation position of the shape memory alloy (SMA) inside and outside the double-skin steel tube was used, and the rebar installation position, the concrete strength, the mixing of fibers, and the inner-outer diameter ratio as the main parameters. The test results showed that the installation positions of the reinforcements inside and outside the double-skin steel tube and the inner-outer diameter ratio of the steel tube affected the ductility, maximum load, and failure mode. In general, the specimen made of general concrete with SMA installed outside and inside (OI) the double-skin steel tube showed the best results.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of inner resilience and external resilience on the relationship between the job stress of early childhood education teachers and their teaching flow. Data were collected through questionnaires from 221 early childhood Korean teachers in the InCheon area. The instruments used in this study were the Kindergarten Teachers' Job Stress Scale, Early Childhood Teachers' Resilience Scale, and Teaching Flow Scale. The data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and Baron and Kenny's method. It was adapted to SPSS ver. 18.0 for Windows. This study followed a mediated effect model. First, there was a negative correlation between the job stress and teaching flow. There was a positive correlation between the teaching flow and the resilience. Secondly, there was a negative correlation with job stress and teaching flow in path model 1. In path model 2, there was a positive correlation with resilience and teaching flow. Teaching flow was statistically and significantly influenced by resilience. Thirdly, there was the mediating effect of inner resilience and external resilience on the relationship between the job stress of early childhood education teachers and their teaching flow. These results can be used as the basic data for the improvement of early childhood education teachers' teaching flow in the future.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.315-337
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• 2011

This paper aims to examine a truth about love - the close relationship between a person's passionate love and that same person's loneliness and suppressed desires, a relationship that Carson McCullers (1917-1967) portrays in The Ballad of the Sad Cafe. McCullers, one of several brilliant writers from Southern America, managed to overcome her cruel situation and showed deep insight into the human condition, particularly in regard to the relation between love and isolation. The Ballad of the Sad Cafe, like her other works, examines the spiritual isolation and the agony of love that three lovers experience. The love in this story is a triangular relationship among the three main characters, Amelia, Lymon and Marvin Macy. The distinctive characteristics of love described in this story are that each character falls into blind and passionate love for the person he/she loves, no matter how the beloved responds. Love also changes the lover, not the beloved, revealing the completely opposite nature of the lover. The opposite nature and the inner secrets that the love reveals about the lovers reflect their frustrated and suppressed desires, which is femininity and motherhood for Amelia, non-violent masculine power for Macy, and physical attraction and power for the hunchback, Lymon. These suppressed desires are rooted in the deep sense of frustration that they had to experience in their childhood. In short, the seemingly unconditional love of the main characters is not an ideal, altruistic love, but a reflection of their inner desires. This story, however, does not seem to criticize this kind of love but simply tries to give an honest picture of what love might be. It also admits that 'deformed' love is still better than no love (and consequently no stimulus) because what really damages and causes decay in human beings and in a community, is the state of boredom.

• 수완나부미
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.161-191
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• 2014

The entry of the logging industry in the once heavily forested riverine middle Agusan Valley where aboriginal Manobos live meant the entry of the material practice of wage labor into this out-of-the-way place. Wage labor converted the once relatively isolated, subsistence animist Manobos into laborers of the expanding capitalist regime. A symptom of modernity, this wage labor also accompanied the coming of Visayan settlers (also loggers paid by wage) who introduced indigenous Manobos the compadrazgo social relationship. This friendly relationship across ethnic identities legitimated social ties and is a social material practice represented in recent bilingual Manobo possession rituals where the Visayan spirit is incarnated along with Manobo spirits. To understand the idea behind spirit embodiment, I explore Manobo ritual as mimesis or poeisis. This representation is shaped by concrete material realities as much as these realities, in turn, are reconfigured by ritual practice. In the older Manobo cosmology, which is based on subsistence economy and dependent on the forest and rivers, individuals have an externalized self (as manifest in the idea of twin soul), in which the inner vital principle is co-extensive with a spirit double in cosmos. Manobos imitate the perceived workings of nature in ritual so as to control them in times of illnesses. In contrast, the mimesis of the Visayan spirit is based on a different political economic set up with its attendant asymmetrical interpersonal relationship. By symbolically representing the Visayan patron as friend, Manobos are able to negotiate the predicament of their subalternity in local modernity.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2007

Through analysing on construction cases of stupa built in A.D. 7,8th, I have researched about these : constructive methods of inner soil of stupa, spatial compositions, characteristics of structures, arrangements of inner soil and etc. And cases analysed are six ; Mireuksajiseoktap(stone pagoda of Mireuksa Temple site), Gameunsajisamcheumgseoktap(three storied stone pagoda of Gameunsa Temple site), Goseonsajisamcheungseoktap(three storied stone pagoda of Goseonsa Temple site), Wolseong nawolliocheungseoktap(five storied stone pagoda in Nawonri, Wolseong), Guksagokseoktap(three storied stone pagoda in Guksa valley), Giamgokseoktap(three storied stone pagoda in Giam valley). Additionally we researched about inner soil of Sacheonwangsaji tapji(basement of stone stupa site in Sacheonwang Temple site) to speculate on composition of Synthetically, the foundation could be divided as core space and outer space. ; the former as structural function and the latter as ornamental function. And the core area could be divided again as center column space and buffer space. The relationship between core spaces and its formation are as belows; First, according to the area of foundation and scale of stone pagoda, formations of core are differed. As the scale of stone pagoda goes bigger, and the area of foundation goes larger, the structure of stone pagoda comprised by center column type and layered-core which endure upper load independently. On the contrary, as the scale of stone pagoda goes smaller, and the area of foundation goes lesser, the structure of stone pagoda tend to use only center column to endure upper part. Second, spatial composition of core area is comprised as two spaces, one which endure upper load and buffer space which absorb side pressure and upper pressure. The buffer space tend to be used in case of those structures which could not endure side pressure or have lots of joint. In some cases, it was located below the cover stone of foundation and gained upper load. And in case that have not gained pressure from side stone, the buffer space are comprised by smalle stone or roof tile to get structural supplement.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.668-674
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• 2001

An experimental study was performed for two types of co-axial cylindrical shell structures in order to establish the relationship between in-air dynamic characteristics and in-water ones and to observe hydrodynamic mass effects on their mode shapes when submerged. The outer cylinders are prepared with two kinds to get more insights on the fluid-structure interaction phenomena: one is flexible, which means that the outer cylinder has almost same stiffness as the inner one, and the other is a rigid one whose stiffness is more than ten times of the inner one's(it might be regarded as the scaled-down model of the reactor internals). The finite element. analyses were also implemented to support the experimental results. The results show that the natural frequencies of a co-axial cylindrical shell structure in water are remarkably lower than those in air due to the fluid mass effects. In case of the flexible-to-flexible cylinders, there exist in-phase and out-of-phase mode shapes and they are affected by the annular gap between the. co-axial cylinders. For the in-phase mode the in-water natural frequency decreases exponentially as the gap increases, while it slightly increases in case of the out-of-phase mode due to the squeezing effect of the gap fluid. In the flexible-to-rigid case, the normalized natural frequency(in-water frequency/in-air one) of the inner cylinder(core barrel model) ranges between in-phase and out-of-phase mode frequencies of the flexible-to-flexible co-axial cylindrical structure having identical dimensions. Also the normalized natural frequency of the inner cylinder of the flexible-to-rigid one moves from near of the in-phase mode frequency into the out-of-phase mode value of the flexible-to-flexible case as circumferential mode number(n) increases.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.255-273
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• 2014

본 연구는 인천내항, 인천북항, 평택항 간 물동량의 영향관계 분석을 위해 그랜저 인과관계 검정, 벡터자기회귀모형을 사용하였다. 그랜저 인과관계 검정결과 인천내항 물동량은 평택항 물동량의 원인변수임을, 평택항 물동량은 인천북항 물동량의 원인변수임을 확인하였다. 한편, 벡터자기회귀모형을 적용함으로써 얻은 충격반응함수를 통해 인천내항 물동량은 인천북항 물동량, 평택항 물동량과는 음의 관계가 존재함을 알 수 있었고, 인천북항 물동량과 평택항 물동량 간에는 양의 관계가 존재함을 알게 되었다. 또한, 벡터자기회귀모형을 적용함으로써 얻게 된 예측오차 분산분해를 통해 인천내항 물동량의 예측오차는 시간의 경과에 따라 인천북항 물동량의 변동에 의해 설명되는 비중이 커짐을, 평택항 물동량의 예측오차는 시간의 경과에 따라 인천내항 물동량의 변동에 의해 설명되는 비중이 커짐을 알게 되었다. 연구결과 평택항 물동량의 변동이 인천항 전체에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것은 아니며, 부속 항만에 따라 영향을 달리 받을 수 있음을 알게 되었다. 이는 인천항, 평택항을 운영하는 항만운영 당국간 경쟁과 협력이 모두 가능하다는 것을 보여주며, 상호 협력할 부분과 경쟁할 부분을 명확히 한다면 양항이 함께 발전할 수 있을 것임을 의미한다.