• Title/Summary/Keyword: Injection nozzle

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A Study on the Bubble Behavior in the Vertical-upward Gas Injection (수직상향 기체주입시 기포거동에 관한 연구)

  • Seo, Dong-Pyo;Oh, Yool-Kwon
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.712-716
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    • 2003
  • In the present study, the gas injection system based on air-water model was designed to investigate the behavior characteristics of bubbles injected into a ladle. The parameters such as gas volume fraction and bubble rise velocity were exprementally measured in a gas-liquid flow region. To measure gas volume fraction, an electo-conductivity probe was used and bubble rise velocity was obtained by a high speed CCD camera. Gas volume fraction was symmetric to the axis of nozzle secured on the bottom of a ladle. The bubble rise velocity was calculated for two different experimental conditions. That is, gas flow conditions were following two case: 1) Q = $0.63{\times}10^{-4}$ $m^{3}/s$, 2) $1.26{\times}10^{-4}$ $m^{3}/s$. As a gas injected into the liquid ladle, the liquid-phase region is circulated by bubbles' behavior. The bubble rise velocity was influenced of the circulation flow of liquid phase. As a result, the bubble rise velocity was appeared higher middle region of ladle than near the nozzle.

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Internal Structure and Velocity Field of the Impinging Diesel Spray on the Wall (디젤 충돌 분무의 발달 과정 및 내부 유동 특성)

  • Chon, M.S.;Suh, S.K.;Park, S.W.;Lee, C.S.
    • Journal of ILASS-Korea
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the internal structure of the impinged diesel spray at various experimental conditions. To examine the effect of various factors on the development of a diesel spray impinging on the wall, experiments were conducted at the various Injection pressures, wall distances from the nozzle tip and angles of wall inclination. The PIV system consists of a double pulsed Nd:YAG laser was utilized to analyze the internal flow structure of impinged diesel sprays. The velocity fields from the PIV system were compared with the results measured by the phase Doppler particle analyzer(PDPA)system. The results show that internal flow pattern of the impinged spray was similar with the results from the PDPA system. The radial velocity of the impinged spray was increased with the increase in the injection pressure and near the nozzle-wall distance. The generation of vortex was also promoted with the Increase in angles of wall inclination.

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The Micro Coil Production through Research on the Additive Conditions of Electrochemical Metal 3D Printer (전기화학적 금속 3D 프린터의 적층 조건 연구를 통한 마이크로 코일 제작)

  • Kim, Young-Kuk;Kang, Donghwa;Kim, Sung-Bin;Yoo, Bongyoung
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.53 no.4
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    • pp.138-143
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we produced a coil of micro-pattern that can be used for electromagnetic wave absorber, heating material, wireless charging, sensor, antenna, etc. by using electrochemical additive manufacturing method. Currently, it contains research contents for manufacturing a micro pattern coil having practicality through control of process control variables such as applied voltage, distance between electrode, and nozzle injection. Circulation of the electrolyte through the nozzle injection control can significantly contribute to improving the surface characteristics of the coil because of minimizing voltage fluctuations that may occur during the additive manufacturing process. In addition, by applying the pulse method in the application of voltage, the lamination characteristics of the plated body were improved, which showed that the formation of a fine line width plays an important role in the production of a micro pattern coil. By applying the pulse signal to the voltage application, the additive manufacturing characteristics of the produced product were improved, and it was shown that the formation of a fine line width plays an important role in the production of a micro pattern coil.

An Experimental Study on Electrohydrodynamic Atomization of Non-Conducting Liquid (비전도성 액체의 전기수력학적 분무에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Ki-Joon;Park, Jong-Seung;Lee, Sang-Yong
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2004.04a
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    • pp.1322-1327
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    • 2004
  • In the present work, a series of experiments have been performed on electro-hydrodynamic atomization of non-conducting liquid using a charge injection type nozzle. Effects of liquid flow rate, input voltage, and distance between the needle and the ground electrode (nozzle-embedded metal plate) have been examined. For fixed electrode distances, total and spray currents increase with increase of liquid flow rate and input voltage. When the distance between the needle and the ground electrode becomes closer, total, leakage and spray current increase, but the onset voltage for dielectric breakdown decreases. When the electric field strength of the liquid jet exceeds that for the air breakdown, a portion of the electric charges in the liquid jet is dissipated into the ambient air, and the charge density shows a limiting value. Atomization quality can be improved by increasing the flow rate because the higher charge density is achieved with the larger liquid velocity in addition to the enhanced aerodynamic effect.

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A Study on the Ground Reinforcement and Impermeable Effect by McG (McG(맥) 주입공법에 의한 지반보강 및 차수효과에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Jong-Ju;Do, Kyung-Yang;Shin, Tai-Wook;Park, Won-Chun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.581-590
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    • 2005
  • The grouting method is widely used as the impermeable effect and ground reinforcement in construction. But, it has a problem that cement and grout material are not mixed well in the injection tip equipment and an opposite flow and interception state of the chemical grouting is happened. so, continuous work is difficult. McG method installed a special grouting and device, made possible go well mixing of grouting material and prevent flowing backward and block of nozzle also diversify powder rate of cement that is grouting material to select sutible material in layer conditions. YSS that lowered $Na_2O$ influencing durability and circumstance is developed by gel-forming reaction material. so eco-circumstance and durability is increased by minimizing dissolution of underground water. In this study, it is assumed that seepage state of the injection material using a special injection tip equipment and a unconfined compressive strenth by mixing a various injection material of various. And it is confirmed that strenth increase effect and permeable decrease of the improved body through the test execution and field execution.

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An Experimental Study on Che Spray Characteristic of Pintle Type Nozzle in a High Temperature and High Pressure Chamber (고온.고압용기 내에서 핀틀노즐의 분무특성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 송규근;정재연;정병국;안병규;오은탁
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.57-64
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    • 2003
  • The characteristics of fuel spray have an important effect on engine performance such as power, specific fuel consumption and emission because fuel spray controls the mixing and combustion process in an engine. Therefore, if the characteristics of fuel spray can be measured, they can be effectively used for improving engine performance. The major factors controlling fuel spray are injection pressure, ambient pressure and engine speed. In this study, the experiment is performed in a high temperature and high pressure chamber. In experiments, spray tip penetration, spray angle and spray tip velocity are measured at various injection pressure (10 and 14 MPa), ambient pressure(3,4 and 5 MPa), fuel pump speed(500, 700 and 900 rpm). Experimental results are useful for deriving an experimental spray equation and design an optimal engine. The results showed that injection pressure, ambient pressure and fuel pump speed are important factors influencing on the characteristics of spray. 1) Injection pressure influences on the characteristics of spray. That is, as injection pressure is increased, spray angle is decreased but spray penetration and spray tip velocity is increased. 2) Spray angle and spray penetration are increased as fuel pump speed is increased.

Analysis of a small steam injected gas turbine system with heat recovery (열회수를 고려한 소형 증기분사 가스터빈 시스템 해석)

  • Kim, Dong-Seop;Jo, Mun-Gi;Go, Sang-Geun;No, Seung-Tak
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.21 no.8
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    • pp.996-1008
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    • 1997
  • This paper describes a methodology and results for the analysis of a small steam injected gas turbine cogeneration system. A performance analysis program for the gas turbine engine is utilized with modifications required for the model of steam injection and the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The object of simulation is a simple cycle gas turbine engine under development which adopts a centrifugal compressor. The analysis is based on the off-design operation of the gas turbine and the compressor performance map is utilized. Analyses are carried out with the injection ratio as the main parameter. The effect of steam injection on the power and efficiency of gas turbine and cogeneration capacity is investigated. Also presented is the variation in the main operating parameters inside the HRSG. Remarkable reduction in NOx generation by steam injection is confirmed. In addition, it is observed that for the 100% power operation the temperature of the cooled first nozzle blade decreases by 100.deg. C at full steam injection, which seems to have a favorable effect on the engine life time.

Analysis of Pilot Spray Characteristics of Different Driven Injectors for High Pressure Diesel Engine (다른 구동방식을 갖는 고압 디젤 엔진용 인젝터의 Pilot 분무 특성 해석)

  • Bae, J.W.;Kim, H.N.;Lee, J.W.;Kang, K.Y.;Ryu, J.I.
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2003.12a
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    • pp.251-256
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    • 2003
  • The capability of pilot injection with small fuel quantity at all engine operating conditions is one of the main feature of the common rail system. The purpose of the pilot injection is to lower the engine noise and to reduce the NOx emissions. This study describes the pilot spray structure characteristics of the common-rail diesel injectors, solenoid-driven and piezo-driven type, with different electric driving characteristics So, three common-rail injectors with different electric current wave were used in this study. The pilot spray characteristics such as spray speed, spray tip penetration, and spray angle were obtained by spray images, which is measured by the back diffusion light illumination method with optical system for high-speed temporal photography. Also the CFD analysis was carried out for fuel behavior under high pressure in between needle and nozzle of solenoid-driven injector to know the condition of initial injection at experiment test. It was found that pilot injection of common-rail system was effected by rate of injection and temperature of injected fuel and electrical characteristic of the driven injector.

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Permeation Characteristics of the Tubular Membrane with Continuous Air Cleaning System (연속식 공기세정 관형막 투과특성)

  • Park, Mi Ja;Chung, Kun Yong
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.185-188
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    • 2013
  • This study was carried out for microfiltration tubular membrane module equipped with self-designed air injection nozzle in order to determine the permeate flux due to the effect of membrane fouling reduction. The 0.1 wt% yeast particle solution was used as a feed solution and permeation tests were performed for the cases with and without air injection. Permeation fluxes were measured and analyzed to examine the effect of membrane fouling reduction. While the permeation flux without air injection decreased continuously, that with air injection was improved more than 30 percent than that of no air injection case.

A Study for Optimal Design of the AIG to Improve the Performance of DeNOx Facilities Installed in Combined Cycle Plant (복합화력 탈질설비 성능향상을 위한 암모니아 주입 그리드의 최적설계 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kwang-Chu;Park, Man-Heung;Yoon, Jun-Kyu;Lim, Jong-Han
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.19 no.12
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    • pp.811-820
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    • 2007
  • A Study on the optimal design of the AIG(Ammonia Injection Grid) to improve the performance of DeNOx facilities in the HRSG(Heat Recovery Steam Generator) was performed using the CFD analysis. On the basis of the flow analysis results in the case that the AIG in the HRSG was not installed, the numerical analyses according to the positions of AIG, injection angles of nozzle and the control of ammonia injection quantity were carried out. The standard deviation according to factors was calculated for quantitative comparison. As the results, the AIG in the HRSG should be installed in the position that the uniform flow field shows through the exact flow analysis in the previous of the AIG design and installation. In the case the AIG has already been installed and non uniform flow distribution shows, it is recommended that flow correction device or KoNOx catalyst should be used. Otherwise, the control of ammonia injection angle or the ammonia injection quantity using the velocity profile analysis is demanded to accomplish the optimal performance.