• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.649-660
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• 2023

The study aims to identify the complex effects of information security (IS) environments and individuals' IS-related perceptions and value dissimilarity that negatively affect insiders' IS compliance activities. In detail, the study aimed to confirm the roles of prospective and inhibitory anxiety, and value dissimilarity in the process in which a competitive psychological climate negatively affects IS compliance intentions. The study obtained 387 samples from the firm's workers with IS-related regulations and verified the research hypotheses established using the AMOS 22.0 and Process 3.1 tools. As a result, the competitive psychological climate negatively affected IS compliance intention by increasing individual's IS-related prospective and inhibitory anxiety. In addition, IS-related value dissimilarity had an interactive effect with prospective and inhibitory anxiety and had a negative effect on IS compliance intention. This study has practical implications in terms of presenting information and values to be provided to employees to achieve internal IS goals and has academic implications in terms of applying the complex effects of IS-related anxiety and value dissimilarity.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2006

Anxiety and anxiety disorders are related to many neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine, serotonine, dopamine, glutamate, and Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS, is known to counterbalance the action of the excitatory neurotransmitters and control anxiety. GABA acts on 3 GABA receptor subtypes, $GABA_A$, $GABA_B$, and $GABA_C$. $GABA_A$ and $GABA_c$ receptors are oligomeric transmembrane glycoproteins composed of 5 subunits that are arranged around a central chloride channel. $GABA_B$ receptor comprises two 7-transmembraneis-spanning proteins that are coupled to either calcium or potassium channel via G proteins. This article highlights neurobiological interactions between anxiety and GABA system.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2005

In the 40 years since the first benzodiazepine was brought into clinical use there has been a substantial growth in understanding the molecular basis of action of these drugs and the role of their receptors in anxiety disorders. Benzodiazepine receptors are present throughout the brain with the highest concentration in cortex, and it potentiate and prolong the synaptic action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. Central benzodiazepine receptors and $GABA_A$ receptors are part of the same macromolecular complex. Abnormalities of these $GABA_A$-benzodiazepine receptors as a result of drug challenge tests and neuroimaging studies may underlie some anxiety disorders. The role of $GABA_A$-benzodiazepine receptors in the action of benzodiazepine and as a factor in anxiety disorder, in both animal and humans including knock-out and knock in technique, may lead to new anxiolytics that have potentially significant therapeutic gains without unwanted side effects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.338-344
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• 2020

Intolerance of Uncertainty is associated with numerous psychopathologies, including generalized anxiety disorders. However, several studies differ in the factor structures applicable for the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS), and there exists a debate regarding the factorial and construct validity. Thus, in the current study, the IUS was newly translated to explore and verify the structures and factors relative to the cultural background of Korea. The study involved an exploratory factor analysis of randomly extracted data from 260 of 533 adults selected. Results determined that a prospective factor of 3 items and inhibitory factor of 5 items was appropriate. In addition, a confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis of the remaining 273 data revealed that a structural model comprising of the 8-items two factors model was well suited (x²=37.699, TLI=0.951, CFI=0.969, RMSEA=0.063, SRMR=0.039), and showed significant static correlation with worry, depression, and state-trait anxiety.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.110-118
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Depression and anxiety are common mental health problems. Anthocyanins from berries might have an inhibitory effect on monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes and alleviate various mood and anxiety symptoms. This study examined the effects of a daily supplement of an anthocyanin-rich product on mental health problems. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis from a randomized, 6-week, open-label trial in 300 healthy participants aged 18-60 years who consumed 1 or 2 servings of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk daily. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to monitor mental health problems. In addition, the saliva activity levels of MAO-A, MAO-B, and cortisol were examined at the baseline and after 6 weeks. RESULTS: The total scores of the GHQ-28 and HADS and all their subscales decreased in both groups (all P < 0.05). The cortisol, MAO-A, and MAO-B activities decreased significantly (all P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups (all P > 0.05). Significant correlations were noted between the decreased activity level of MAO-A enzyme and decreased scores from the GHQ-28 somatic subscale and the HADS depression subscale (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk possibly improves mental health problems by reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in the working population. The suppression of MAO-A activity is a possible underlying mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.4 s.135
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• pp.318-323
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• 2003

Extracts of Black cohosh (Cimicifugae rhizoma) have been used for the treatment of climacteric complaints for decades. A significant number of woman entering menopause exhibit the following symptoms: getting hot flushes, night sweats, irritability, depression, and anxiety, A reduction of the frequency of hot flushes equivalents and hints on the antidepressant activity of Cimcifuga extracts. In the present work, we have screened several 80% ethanol extracts from medicinal plants and found that the extracts from Cimicifugae Rhizoma(Black cohosh:승마) have inhibitory effect on catecholamine secretion in bovine chromaffin cell. Since this extract inhibited 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP)-induced catecholamine secretion, but did not inhibit KCl, bradykinin, and veratridine-evoked case, this inhibitory effect is mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with noncompetitive manner.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.567-577
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• 2000

In human body, catecholamines, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, can be increased anxiety, blood pressure and pain etc. The inhibitory effects of TENS, electroacupuncture and massage on the release of epinephrine, norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve endings has already been known. However, the effects of silver spike point stimulation on the catecholamines was not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the SSP-induced inhibitory effects of catecholamines. The following results were obtained. (1) The studies on urinary catecholamines released that the levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine of continue type SSP stimulation group were significantly lower than those in the control group in human in vivo. (2) The dose-response curves of epinephrine and norepinephrine in rat aortic smooth muscle strips were increased dose dependent manner respectively. However, the contractile response of norepinephrine in rat aortic smooth muscle strips were slightly differentiated. It is concluded that the SSP stimulation reflects to the inhibitory effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine in men. Especially, we believe that the amplitude-frequency modulation, such as continue type a)1d frequency modulation type, of SSP stimulation plays a role in regulating catecholamines.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.238-243
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• 2020

Perilla frutescens Britton var. acuta Kudo, an annual plant primarily cultivated in China, Japan, and Korea, has been used as a traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, depression, and many anxiety-related disorders. Previously, we reported the inhibitory effects of n-hexane layer of P. frutescens var. acuta extract against beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, and the isolation of asarone derivatives as active constituents from n-hexane layer. In this study, dichloromethane layer of P. frutescens var. acuta was applied to bioassay-guided isolation methods accompanied with Thioflavin T (Th T) fluorescence assay to investigate the inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation and disaggregation. As the results, three triterpenoids including ursolic acid (1), tormentic acid (2) and corosolic acid (3) were isolated. All compounds reduced Aβ aggregation and increased disaggregation of preformed Aβ aggregates in a dose-dependent manner. However, the inhibitory effect of three compounds on Aβ aggregation was not correlated with antioxidant activity, which was measured by DPPH assay. Taken together, these results suggest that the triterpenoid derivatives from P. frutescens have the potential to be developed as good therapeutics or preventatives for AD.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2007

The roots of the plant Korean ginseng have been extensively used in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The effects of chronic administration of Korean ginseng extract (KGE) were investigated on two different anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements) and the open field test (OFT). Diazepam (1 mg/kg), KGE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days. On the 14th day, mice were previously exposed for 30 min to one of the open arms of the T-maze, 24 h before the test. On 15th day, mice had two exposures to the enclosed and open arm of the elevated T-maze followed by exposure to the open field apparatus. The number of line crossings in the apparatus was used to assess locomotor changes. Cumulative Concentration Response Curve of 5-HT was plotted using rat fundus which were pre-treated in a similar way. Treatment with Diazepam (1 mg/kg) and KGE (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) impaired inhibitory avoidance performance but did not impair escape latency. In OFT, diazepam facilitated locomotion as compared to vehicle and other treatment groups. KGE at any of the selected doses did not impair locomotion. Concentration response curve of 5-HT was shifted towards the right with suppression of maxima in rats treated with KGE. The results suggest that KGE exerts anxiolytic like behaviour in a specific subset of defensive behaviour, particularly those related to generalized anxiety disorder.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2006

We investigated the effects of chronic administration of different extracts of ginger rhizome [pet ether extract (PE); toluene fraction (TF) of pet ether extract] on anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (ETM) (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements) and the open field test. Ondansetron (1 mg/kg), FE (10, 30 &100 mg/kg) and TF (10 & 30 mg/kg) were administered orally for 15 days. On the $14^{th}$ day mice were previously exposed for 30 min to one of the open arms of the T-maze, 24 h before the test. On $15^{th}$ day mice had two exposures to the enclosed and open arm of the ETM followed by exposure to the open field apparatus. The number of line crossings in the apparatus was used to assess locomotor changes. Cumulative Concentration Response Curve of 5-HT was plotted using rat fundus which were pretreated in a similar way. Treatment with Ondansetron (1 mg/kg), PE (100 mg/kg), TF (10 mg/kg) and TF (30 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) impaired inhibitory avoidance performance but did not impair escape latency. Concentration response curve of 5-HT was shifted towards the right with suppression of maxima in rats treated with PE and TF. The results suggest that PE and TF of Ginger rhizome exerts anxiolytic like behaviour in a specific subset of defensive behaviour, particularly those related to generalized anxiety disorder.