• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.390-397
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate at how the quality of citron changed during storage as a result of the browning inhibitor treatment. In the browning inhibitor treatment, Vit.C, Vit.C+NaCl, Vit.C+NaCl+CD substances were used. As a result of investigating the browning degree, Vit.C+NaCl+CD showed the lowest value of 0.76 when stored for 12 weeks. The 𝚫E of the chromaticity value indicated that significant color change occurred when the value was high. As the Vit.C+NaCl+CD mixture showed the lowest value of 46.01 at 25℃, it was found that browning did not occur much compared to other treatments. The change in polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of citron increased as browning progressed. Among the browning inhibitor solutions, Vit.C+NaCl+CD solution showed the lowest value 118.8 u/g at 25℃ after 12 weeks. Based on these findings, it seems that CD mixing solution can be used as a citron browning inhibitor.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2017

Polymer amines are found to show distinct corrosion inhibition effects in acidic media. The functional groups of organic compounds have a wide role in the physical and chemical properties, for the inhibition efficiency with respect to steric factors, aromaticity, and electron density. The influence of $H^+$ ions and $Cl^-$ ions on the corrosion inhibitive effect of poly(p-aminophenol) for iron in hydrochloric acid was studied using electrochemical methods such as impedance, linear polarization, and Tafel polarization techniques. The experiments were conducted with and without the inhibitor, poly(p-aminophenol). The concentration range of $H^+$ ions and $Cl^-$ ions are from 1 M to 0.05 M and 1 M to 0.1 M, respectively. With the inhibitor poly(p-aminophenol), this study shows that inhibition efficiency decreases with the reduction of $H^+$ ion and $Cl^-$ ion concentrations in aqueous solution. Further, it reveals that the adsorption of an inhibitor on the surface of iron is dependent on the concentrations of $H^+$ and $Cl^-$ ions in the solution and the adsorption of inhibitor on the iron surface through the cationic form of amine.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 2005

This study was aimed to know the effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) on glucose transport in L6 myotube and its action mechanism. CdCl₂ increased the 2-deoxy- (l-3H)-D-glucose (2-DOG) uptake 1.9 and 2.4 fold at 10 and 25 μM respectively. To investigate the stimulating-mechanism of glucose transport induced by CdCl₂, the wortmannin and PD98059 were used as PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor and MAPK inhibitor respectively, which did not affect 2-DOG uptake. This fact suggests that CdCl₂ induced 2-DOG uptake may not be concerned to the insulin signalling pathway. Whereas nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, and trifluoperazine, a calmodulin inhibitor, were found to inhibit the 2-DOG uptake stimulted by CdCl₂. In addition, we also measured the ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and GSH level in L6 myotube to investigate the correlation between the glucose uptake and ROS. CdCl₂(25 μM) increased ROS generation approximately 1.5 fold and changed the cellular GSH level, but GSSG/GSH ratio remained unchanged. CdCl₂ stimulated 2-DOG uptake and ROS generation were inhibited by N-acetylcystein. And BSO pretreatment, a potent inhibitor of γ-GCS, resulted in the dramatic decrease of 2-DOG uptake and also the increase of the sensitivity to cadmium cytotoxicity. The obtained results suggest that CdCl₂-stimulated glucose uptake might be based on the activation of HMP shunt as an antioxidant defense mechanism of the cells.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.390-396
• /
• 1992

Streptomyces minoensis DMCJ-144 isolated from soil produces the ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitor. Optimum culture conditions for ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitor production of the strain were determined in this experiment. The optimum composition of the culture medium was studied by supplementing various carbon sources, nitrogen sources, vitamins, and metal salts to the basal medium containing 1% glucose, 0.1% asparagine, 0.005% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.005% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.005% NaCl. Other culture conditions such as the culture temperature, initial pH of the medium, aeration, and culture time were also investigated. When the strain was cultured in a 100 ml flask containing 20 ml of 2% glucose, 0.5% beef extract, 0.0002% riboflavin, 0.0002% thiamine HCI, 0.01% $ZnCl_2$, 0.005% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.005% $CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$, 0.005% NaCl, pH 7.2, 180 rpm at $30^{\circ}C$, the maximum production of the ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitor was observed after 5 days of the cultivation.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2005

Cadmium is well known as a toxic metal and has insulin mimicking effects in rat adipose tissue. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of CdCl₂ on glucose transport and its mechanism in 3T3 - L1 adipocytes. CdCl₂ exhibits respectively 2.2 and 2.8 fold increases in the 2-deoxyglucose uptake when exposed to 10 and 25 μM of CdCl₂ for 12 hr. To investigate the stimulating mechanism of glucose transport induced by CdCl₂. Wortmannin and PD98059 were used respectively as PI3K inhibitor and MAPK inhibitor, which did not affect 2-DOG uptake. This results suggest that induced 2-deoxy-(l-3H)-D-glucose (2-DOG) uptake by CdCl₂ may not be concerned with the insulin signalling pathway. Whereas nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker inhibited the 2- DOG uptake stimulated by CdCl₂. In addition, we also measured the increased production of Reactive oxygen substances (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) level in 3T3-L1 adipocytes to investigate correlation between the glucose uptake and increased production of ROS with H2DCFDA. CdCl₂ increased production of ROS. Induced 2-DOG uptake and increased production of ROS by CdCl₂ were decreased by N-acetylcystein (NAC). And L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) a potent inhibitor of γ-GCS, decreased of 2-DOG uptake. Also NAC and BSO changed the cellular GSH level, but GSH/GSSG ratio remained unchanged at 10, 25 μM of CdCl₂.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.419-427
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative changes of the citron by identifying the type of solution and addition of the solution to prevent the browning reaction of the citron in a way that inhibits the browning of the citron. The browning inhibitor solution was investigated using the individual and mixture, and the results of the degree of browning and chromaticity showed that vitamin C+NaCl+cyclodextrin (CD) had the lowest browning of 0.52. In chromaticity, the ΔE values indicate that the higher the value, the greater the change in color, and the lowest value of the vitamin C+NaCl+CD mixture was 47.0, indicating that there was minimal browning compared to other treatment. The active change of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the citron increased enzyme activity as the browning progressed, and the vitamin C+NaCl+CD solution was the lowest at 68.40 μ/g among the anti-browning solution. Based on these research results, it seems that the CD mixing solution can be used as a citron browning inhibitor.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제57권2호
• /
• pp.272-278
• /
• 2013

Extract of ginger has been evaluated as a green inhibitor for the corrosion of steel in sulfide polluted NaCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that this extract acts as a mixed type inhibitor but mainly inhibits the cathodic reaction. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with inhibitor concentration reaching to approximately 83.9% using 250 ppm of ginger. Nyquist plots show a single capacitive loop in uninhibited and inhibited solutions. From EFM the causality factors are very close to theoretical values which indicate that the measured data are of good quality. The adsorption process of the studied extract on steel surface obeys Temkin adsorption isotherm. The results obtained from the different electrochemical techniques were in good agreement which prove the validity of these tools in measurement of corrosion rate. Ginger extract has no effect on Escherichia Coli and can be applied safely on waste water treatment plants.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.243-252
• /
• 2019

The pitting corrosion and inhibition studies of AZ31B magnesium alloy were investigated in the alkaline solution (pH12) with chloride and inhibitors. The corrosion behavior of passive film with/without Cl^- in the alkaline electrolyte were conducted by polarization curve and immersion tests in the presence of various additives (inhibitors) to clarify the inhibition efficiency of pitting corrosion at higher potential region. Critical concentration of pitting corrosion for Mg alloy was evaluated with 0.005 M NaCl in 0.01 M NaOH on the anodic polarization behavior. Critical pitting of AZ31B Mg alloy in 0.01 M NaOH is a function of chlorides; E_pit = - 1.36 - 0.2 log [Cl^-]. When the Sodium Benzoate (SB) was only used as an inhibitor, a few metastable pits developed on the Mg surface by an immersion test despite no pitting corrosion on the polarization curve meaning that adsorption of SB on the surface is insufficient protection from pitting corrosion in the presence of chloride. The role of SB and Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) inhibitors for the Mg alloy surface in the presence of chloride was suppressed from pitting corrosion to co-adsorb on the Mg alloy surface with strong formation of passive film preventing pitting corrosion.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.713-719
• /
• 1996

Identification of soil microorganism strain B-6. a producer of acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor, based on its morphological, physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomical charact eristics was performed. The strain B-6 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. Ihe acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor produced by this strain was highly achieved in fermentation medium that contained glucose 1.0%, soluble starch 1.0%, NH$_4$Cl 0.3%, oatmeal 1.0%, pharmamedia 1.0%, basic magnesium carbonate 0.5%. pH 7.5 at 30$^{\circ}$C for 7 days. The optimal pH and temperature for growth were 9.0 and 30$^{\circ}$C, respectively. Butanol extract of culture filterate of strain B-6 in acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor production medium containing corn steep liquor exhibited high acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor activity and antimicrobial activity against C. albicans. But chloroform extract of culture filterate of strain B-6 in medium containing NH$_4$Cl, ($NH_4)_2SO_4$ or urea instead of corn steep liquor exhibited higher antimicrobial activity against C. albicans than that of butanol extract.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.359-364
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop the repair system for RC members with damaged by rebar corrosion using new corrosion inhibitor which was high nitrite content. In the experiments, the acceleration corrosion test of rebar was conducted using the specimen which was applied by various repair system. As a result, it was confirmed that the new repair system without concrete patching had high anti-corrosion property compared with other repair systems and was very effective as a spray type corrosion inhibitor in concrete containing chloride (0.1% of NaCl).