• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1592-1596
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• 2014

To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus brevis G-101 on absorption of monosodium glutamate (MSG), we orally administered MSG with or without G-101 in mice and measured the maximum concentration (Cmax) and blood concentration curve (AUC) of MSG and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Oral administration of G-101 ($1{\times}10^9CFU/mouse$) potently inhibited Cmax and AUC of MSG by 97.8% and 94.3%, respectively (p < 0.05), but increased those of GABA by 32.1% and 67.7%, respectively (p < 0.05). G-101 inhibited the absorption of MSG. These results suggest that G-101 may reduce the side effect of MSG by inhibiting the absorption of MSG.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.225-232
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• 2021

Obesity is caused by the accumulation of triglycerides in adipocytes by the differentiation and lipid synthesis process of pre-adipocytes, and excessive accumulation of adipocytes by the activated Adipogenesis process within the differentiated cells. Therefore, inhibiting the differentiation of adipocyte cells or controlling the adipogenesis process is known as an effective treatment method for obesity. This study evaluates the inhibition of Red beet root extract on pancreatic lipase and pre-adipocyte cell differentiation. Also it evaluates the Red beet root extract activities on C/EBP-𝛼,𝛽, and PPAR-𝛄. The experiments proved that the Red beet root extract inhibits pancreatic lipase by concentration dependency. Further, in 3T3-L1 inhabitation experiment, it was found Red beet root extract inhibited adipocyte formation. Red beet root extract also inhibits the expression of C/EBP-𝛼, C/EBP-𝛽, and PPAR-𝛾 which effect the process of adipocytic differentiation. We therefore concluded that RBE has a high potential to further studies on anti-obesity effect.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2021

Belamcandae Rhizoma (BR), the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC., possesses various biological properties such as anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity and antimutagenic activity. However, there have been no studies on the anti-amnesic effect of BR. In this study, we assessed the improvement effect of BR extract on scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. ICR mice were administrated with BR (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and were subsequently injected of scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before behavioral tasks (Y-maze, passive avoidance and Morris water maze tasks). To further assess the possible mechanisms of BR, the ex vivo acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also evaluated. BR could ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory impairment and could regulate the cholinergic function by inhibiting the AChE activity. These data demonstrated that BR exert candidate extract against amnesia by restoring the cholinergic activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.138-143
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• 2023

Liver fibrosis is caused by metabolic problems such as cholestasis, genetic problems, or viral infections. Inhibiting hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation or inducing selective apoptosis of activated HSCs is used as a treatment strategy for liver fibrosis. It has been reported that when HSCs are activated, their apoptosis sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is enhanced because the expression of death receptor 5 is elevated. Finding a natural compound that can enhance the apoptotic effect of TRAIL on HSCs is a necessary strategy for liver fibrosis treatment. It was confirmed here that mangosteen-derived gartanin increased the effect of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by increasing the expression of DR5 in a p38-dependent manner in the hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. Combined treatment with gartanin and TRAIL accelerated DNA cleavage through caspase-3 activation and enhanced antifibrotic effects in LX-2 cells.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.32.1-32.7
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• 2017

Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that extract of soft coral Dendronephthya gigantea (SCDE) had strong anti-inflammatory activities. However, the direct effects of SCDE on anti-inflammatory activities in vivo model remained to be determined. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of SCDE using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated zebrafish model. We also investigated whether SCDE has toxic effects in zebrafish model. The survival, heart beat rate, and developmental abnormalities were no significant change in the zebrafish embryos exposed to at a concentration below $100{\mu}g/ml$ of SCDE. However, lethal toxicity was caused after exposure to 200 and $400{\mu}g/ml$ of SCDE. Treating zebrafish model with LPS treatment significantly increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) generation. However, SCDE inhibited this LPS-stimulated ROS and NO generation in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that SCDE alleviated inflammation by inhibiting the ROS and NO generation induced by LPS treatment. In addition, SCDE has a protective effect against the cell damage induced by LPS exposure in zebrafish embryos. This outcome could explain the profound anti-inflammatory effect of SCDE both in vitro as well as in vivo, suggesting that the SCDE might be a strong anti-inflammatory agent.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2007

Madhuca indica has been used ethnomedically in Indian folks. In the present study we have investigated anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and hypoglycaemic effect of ethanolic extract (EE) and crude alkaloid extract of Madhuca indica seed cake on albino rats. The study showed that the EE had a significant, dose dependent anti-edematogenic, anti-ulcerogenic and hypoglycaemic activity, whereas the crude alkaloid extract exhibited a significant only. Both the extracts possess dose dependent inhibitory activity on carrageenan-induced edema, inhibiting prostaglandins or mediators involved in prostaglandin synthesis, the second phase of inflammation. The EE was significantly effective in protecting pylorus-ligation-induced gastric ulcers at a higher dose level. The active principle of EE seems to be a selective inhibitor of the COX II (prostaglandin synthesis) without important effect on COX I since, EE exhibited both anti-edematogenic and anti-ulcerogenic effect. The EE was effective in reducing the plasma glucose level in normal albino rats in a dose dependent manner, producing hypoglycaemic effect by stimulating the release of insulin from the ${\beta}-cells$ and/or increasing the uptake of glucose from the plasma.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.777-779
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• 2003

Among extracts prepared from Alstonia scholaris, Phyllostachys pubescens and Bambusa veitchii, methanol fraction of Alstonia scholaris was found to have antiplasmodial effect by inhibiting growth of the chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain FCR-3 with less than 14 μg/ml of EC50 values. Methanol fraction 2 of Alstonia scholaris revealed the strongest anti plasmodial effect with 40 μg/ml of EC50 value. Especially, this fraction showed higher than 3-folds selective toxicity on a Plasmodium as the EC value was 116 μg/ml on the host FM3A cell. This is the first report on which an extract compound from Alstonia scholaris showed antimalarial effect.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 2001

This study was conducted to select lactic acid bacteria which possess potential inhibitory effect on Helicobacter pylori, and to make feasibility test of fermented milk products using them. In order to select lactic acid bacteria specifically inhibiting the growth of H. pylori, antibacterial activity using paper disk method, adherence ability to Caco-2 cell inhibitory effect on urease activity of H. pylori, and milk fermentation feasibility were measured. Among 45 strains of lactic acid bacteria tested, 28 strains showed clear zone and Lactobacillus gasseri MK-03 showed the largest clear zone. Caco-2 cell adherence by lactic acid bacteria and inhibitory effect of them on H. pylori adherence were also evaluated. Of 28 strains tested, 18 strains appeared to be effective on adherence to Caco-2 cell, and especially Bifidobacterium longum MK-26 was found to be superior to others. When Bif. longum MK-26 and H. pylori were reacted with Caco-2 cell 2hrs before, adherence percentage of H. pylori decreased from 0.105% to 0.004%. To investigate inhibitory effect of lactic acid bacteria-derived supernatant on urease activity of H. pylori, pH-adjusted fermented supernatant(pH-4.4) was assessed by co-cultivation method. There of Lb. acidophilus MK-07-derived supernatant showed the most inhibitory effect on urease activity of H. pylori. Considering milk fermentation ability of selected 3 strains, they were comparably feasible to fermented milk products. Consequently, Lb. gasseri MK-03, Lb. acidophilus MK-07, and Bif. longum MK-26 were selected to specifically inhibit the growth of H. pylori, by antibacterial activity, inhibition of urease activity, and inhibition of Caco-2 cell adherence, respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.491-494
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• 2018

Multipurpose contact lens disinfecting solutions (MPDS) are widely used to cleanse and disinfect microorganisms. However, disinfection efficacy of these MPDS against Acanthamoeba cyst remain insufficient. 2, 6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB), a cellulose synthesis inhibitor, is capable of increasing the amoebical effect against Acanthamoeba by inhibiting its encystation. In this study, we investigated the possibility of DCB as a disinfecting agent to improve the amoebicidal activity of MPDS against Acanthamoeba cyst. Eight commercial MPDS (from a to h) were assessed, all of which displayed insufficient amoebicidal activity against the mature cysts. Solution e, f, and h showed strong amoebicidal effect on the immature cysts. Amoebicidal efficacy against mature cysts remained inadequate even when the 8 MPDS were combined with $100{\mu}M$ DCB. However, 4 kinds of MPDS (solution d, e, f, and h) including $100{\mu}M$ DCB demonstrated strong amoebicidal activity against the immature cysts. The amoebicidal activity of solution d was increased by addition of DCB. Cytotoxicity was absent in human corneal epithelial cells treated with either DCB or mixture of DCB with MPDS. These results suggested that DCB can enhance the amoebicical activity of MPDS against Acanthamoeba immature cyst in vitro.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.25-31
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• 2013

Hydrogen peroxide takes much of the cost for Fenton reaction applied for treatment of organic contaminants. Therefore, the effective use of hydrogen peroxide makes the technology more cost effective. The effective use of hydrogen peroxide is especially needed in the soil and groundwater remediation where complete mixing is not possible and it takes a long time for reactive species to transport to the fixed target compounds. Stabilization ability for hydrogen peroxide of malonic acid was evaluated in Fenton and Fenton-like reactions in this study. Malonic acid contributes on the stabilization of hydrogen peroxide by weak interaction between iron and the stabilizer and inhibiting the catalytic role of iron. The stabilization effect increased as the solution pH decrease below the $pK_{a1}$. The stabilization effect increased as the concentration of malonic acid increased and the effect was maximized at the malonic acid concentration of about ten times higher than the iron concentration. The model organic contaminant was successfully oxidized in the presence of the stabilizer but the degradation rate was slower than the system without the stabilizer. The stabilization effect was also proved in a Fenton-like reaction where magnetite and hematite were used instead of soluble iron species.