• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.404-409
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• 2008

This paper consists largely of two parts: the first part introduces the revised railway human reliability analysis (R-HRA) method which is to be used under the railway risk assessment framework, and the second part presents the features of a computer software which was developed for aiding the R-HRA process. The revised R-HRA method supplements the original R-HRA method by providing a specific task analysis guideline and a classification of performance shaping factors (PSFs) to support a consistent analysis between analysts. The R-HRA software aids the analysts in gathering information for HRA, qualitative error prediction including identification of external error modes and internal error modes, quantification of human error probability, and reporting the overall analysis results. The revised R-HRA method and software are expected to support the analysts in an effective and efficient way in analysing human error potential in railway event or accident scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.61-71
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to analyze university students' types of spatial consumptive decision behavior in order to provide a guideline on development of creative squares on campus. In particular, it is investigated how student's general characteristics, such as gender, age and major, awareness of creative squares, and preferred spatial types have influence on types of spatial decision consumptive behavior. In addition, correlations among the factors and types are analyzed. As a specific method for gathering information, a questionnaire composed of 46 questions was drawn up to conduct a survey of 206 students of S University in Seoul. The collected data from the survey were analyzed using SPSS windows v17.0. Based on a few previous works, the spatial consumptive decision behavior is classified into four types with Crombach ${\alpha}=0.794$ : 'Exploration' type, 'Experience' type, 'Showing-off type, and 'Trend-Following' type. The main results of this paper can be summarized as follows. First, all factors that affect spatial consumptive decision behavior are more or less correlated with one another. Second, awareness of creative square is significantly different according to the age and major of students. Third, in general, the 'Exploration' type embraces the largest number of students, followed by 'Experience' type, 'Showing-off type, and 'Trend-Following' type. Fourth, the portion of students belonging to each type is a little different according to the major of students. Finally, each type of spatial consumptive decision behavior is highly correlated with the gender and preferred spatial types of students. It was also found that all types of students prefer three to five specific spatial types. Accordingly, the identified spatial types can be exploited in developing a creative square in campus. The results of this paper are expected to expedite follow-up research on creative squares on campus under various conditions.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.315-325
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated perception and plan of dental technologists regarding the old age and retirement for them to enjoy stable old age. Methods: Dental technologists working in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggido were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire, and a total of 200 copies were used for analysis. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS 22.0(Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Chicago, IL, USA) (a=0.05). In order to compare perception toward old age preparation among the subjects, a Chi-square test was performed, and, to investigate the level of preparedness for old age according to general characteristics, t-test was performed. Results: In the analysis of the old age preparedness by age, there was a significant difference in financial preparation, Asset identification, use of retiring allowance, information gathering, senior town home, and stability (p<0.05). To the questions regarding perception toward retirement, the majority of the subjects (60.5%) answered they had thought about retirement, and many (23.9%) of them attributed the reason to job stress (23.9%). Regarding old age preparedness according to workplace, there was a significant difference in use of retirement allowance and education for old age preparedness between general dental laboratories and general hospitals (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is believed that, for preparation of dental technologists for stable old age, in addition to their personal effort, it is important to provide social support and practical measures to ensure welfare and retirement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.399-408
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• 2016

This study conducted an analysis of the current use of and satisfaction with 40 village-unit core facilities that were created through a village-building project in Busan targeting users and non-users of the facilities. The study then examined ideas to promote the availability of the facilities. The results showed that for the users, they had been using the facilities for gathering and information-sharing, and the facilities were improving the interactions among the locals. In terms of non-users, the study confirmed that any relevant fields should develop diverse programs, start promotions in various ways and establish networks among neighbors to increase the non-users' use of the facilities In addition, the study found that the village-unit core facilities are working to encourage interactions among residents and that the locals' voluntary participation in operation of the facilities are needed. The study also suggested that networks across the local communities and diverse programs should be formed and developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.107-122
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to review the literatures on the evolutionary perspective on education and to draw the educational implications for science education. This study addresses on several topics as follows: our common misunderstandings about the evolutionary perspective on education; children's inherent knowledge and abilities, their learning about the evolutionarily novel knowledge and abilities in school, their difficulties in academic learning, and the instructional strategies to cope with the difficulties; and the implications for science education from the evolutionary perspective. The evolutionary perspective on education has provided new insights how culturally important information is transmitted across generations in the past hunting-gathering societies and the modern societies, and how children's inherent motivational and behavioral dispositions affect their academic learning. In addition, the new perspective on education can be used to generate empirical hypotheses about children's science learning, and with the further research, could lead to useful implications and ultimately improve educational outcomes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.2638-2647
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• 2010

X-MAC reduces transmission delay and energy consumption by using a short preamble instead of the existing long preamble. To solve the problem of X-MAC, this paper proposes a new MAC protocol called Express-MAC. The wireless sensor network is mainly used for the purpose of gathering event data or situation information. Especially, the transmission pattern of the sensor network with the purpose of event detection such as intrusion detection is very intermittent as well as successively occurring when a single event takes place in most cases. By reflecting sensor network's key transmission patterns as above, EX-MAC has used multi-hub path's path reservation system and awake section's transmission time reservation method in data transmission when the first event takes place. The awake time reservation in transmission path has improved successive data transmission's end-to-end delay, and it has also increased efficiency in terms of energy consumption by reducing the preamble length of data transmission and reception node.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-126
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• 2009

In the recent years, health effect of dimethylformamide(DMF) has been one of critical industrial hygiene issues. There might be many factors to increase the exposure level of DMF. Among those factors, industrial ventilation would be one of the main factors. In this study, industrial ventilation systems of printing processes in synthetic leather factories were thoroughly surveyed and the improved ventilation systems were proposed. 7 synthetic leather factories were selected for this study. After the ventilation systems were visually inspected, each component of the system was tested by using the appropriate instruments. Hood face velocities, fan exhaust flow rates, fan static pressures, fan rotation rates, etc were measured. In addition, flow visualization techniques were used to observe flow patten around hoods and inside the factory buildings. After gathering all qualitative and quantitative information, the test results were analysed to see if any improvement might be necessary. For the system to be improved, the re-design plans were made by using computational fluid dynamics softwares. The softwares used in this study were AIRPAK and STAR-CD. The effectiveness of the several improvement options were tested, then the best cost effective option was selected. Finally, the standard ventilation systems were proposed to minimize the exposure levels of DMF.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.46-64
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• 1997

Background & Objectives : Korea is face with the social need for health care technology assessment so that it is urgently needed to found principles and methodology in technology assessment in health care. As a groundwork for health care technology assessment, we tried to prioritize medical technology for assessment. Among medical technologies, procedure is somewhat difficult to assess, compared to drug or equipment. In this study, we aimed at the prioritisation of medical procedure to be assessed, in terms of efficay, safety, and adequacy. Method : For the standardized classification of medical procedure, ICD-9-CM(International Classification of Diseases 9th edition - Clinical Modification) was used. Among the list the procedures coming under otorhinolaringjology and thoracic surgery were selected by three family physicians. The list of procedure was mailed to the board certified surgeons of both disciplines, with the question asking about the necessity for assessment in terms of efficay, safety, and adequacy. Replied questionnaires were analyzed in each procedure. Results : Of 560 otorhinolaryngologist and 480 thoracic surgeon, 114 surgeons replied. Of otorhinolaryngological procedure, incision, excision, and destruction of inner ear : fenestration of inner ear : stapedectomy and its revision were the most urgent technology to assess in the aspect of safety. For adequacy, operations on Eustachian tube: fenestration of inner ear: incision, excision, and destruction of inner ear were highly ranked in necessity, and for efficary, operations on Eustachian tube; external maxillary antrotomy; fenestration of inner ear. Thoracic surgeons replied thoracic procedures, lung transplantation; heart transplantation; implantation of heart assist system [pump] are most important for evaluation in terms of safety; and heart transplantation; Lung transplantation; Implantation of heart assist system [pump] in terms of adequacy, and surgical collapse of lung [Artificia니 pnemothorax or pnuexoperitoeum]; lung transplantation; periarterial sympathectomy in terms of efficacy. As a whole, surgeons regard safety evaluation is more urgent than adequacy or efficary. In addition, otorhinolaryngological surgeons regard evaluation of their procedures more urgent than thoracic surgeons regard theirs. Conclusion : By the questionnaire to board certified physicians, we get some preliminary data for prioritisation of technologies to assess. Through the questionnaire like this, much information would be gathered for technology assessment, especially for medical procedure, if not enough. In the near future, well structured expert opinion gathering research, such as modified Delphi or nominal group technique, should be done succeedingly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.5071-5078
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• 2011

This study attempted to identify the relationship of functional health status, satisfaction of customized home visiting health service, and quality of life in vulnerable elderly. This research people 399 total in the object. Data gathering period was from June to September of 2010 and measurement tool used for this study was the house visiting health service recording sheet, recommended by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS/WIN 17.0 version. Functional health status and satisfaction of customized home visiting health service positively correlated with quality of life. Functional health status not correlated with satisfaction of customized home visiting health service. Results of this study can be leveraged as complementary information for the effective management of customized home visiting health service subjects.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.289-293
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• 2009

In sensor networks, many methods have been proposed to process in-network aggregation effectively. Contrary to normal aggregation queries, skyline query processing that compare multi-dimension data for producing result is very hard. It is important to filter unnecessary data for energy-efficient skyline query processing. Existing approach like MFTAC restricts unnecessary data transitions by deploying filters to whole sensors. However, network lifetime is reduced by energy consumption for filters transmission. In this paper, we propose a lazy filtering-based skyline query processing algorithm of in-network for reducing energy consumption by filters transmission. The proposed algorithm creates the skyline filter table (SFT) in the data gathering process which sends from sensor nodes to the base station and filters out unnecessary transmissions using it. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces false positive by 53% and improves network lifetime by 44% on average over MFTAC.