• Molecules and Cells
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.700-709
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• 2023

Mucus hyperproduction and hypersecretion are observed often in respiratory diseases. MUC8 is a glycoprotein synthesized by epithelial cells and generally expressed in the respiratory track. However, the physiological mechanism by which extracellular nucleotides induce MUC8 gene expression in human airway epithelial cells is unclear. Here, we show that UTP could induce MUC8 gene expression through P2Y2-PLCβ3-Ca²⁺ activation. Because the full-length cDNA sequence of MUC8 has not been identified, a specific siRNA-MUC8 was designed based on the partial cDNA sequence of MUC8. siRNA-MUC8 significantly increased TNF-α production and decreased IL-1Ra production, suggesting that MUC8 may downregulate UTP/P2Y2-induced airway inflammation. Interestingly, the PDZ peptide of ZO-1 protein strongly abolished UTP-induced TNF-α production and increased IL-1Ra production and MUC8 gene expression. In addition, the PDZ peptide dramatically increased the levels of UTP-induced ZO proteins and TEER (trans-epithelial electrical resistance). These results show that the anti-inflammatory mucin MUC8 may contribute to homeostasis, and the PDZ peptide can be a novel therapeutic candidate for UTP-induced airway inflammation.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.51-54
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• 2008

말기암 환자에서 암성통증 완화와 삶의 질 유지는 여전히 도전과제로 남아있다. 암성 통증 환자에게서 약물치료는 여전히 치료의 중심이 되고 있으나, 약물적 중재도 불구하고 많은 환자에서 적절한 통증 조절 효과를 얻지 못하거나 진통제와 관련된 부작용을 경험하고 있다. 이에 저자들은 복강신경총차단과 하장간막신경총차단 그리고 상하복신경 총차단의 다양한 교감신경차단을 시행하여 통증조절에 성공한 증례를 보고한다.

• 셀메드
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.10.1-10.8
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• 2014

Affecting more than half of menstruating women, dysmenorrhea is a cramp which causes abdominal or lower back pain just before or during a menstruation. In western medicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are normally used to treat primary dysmenorrheal symptoms. Despite their rapidity in relieving pain, NSAIDs have many serious side effects on the liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract. Thai traditional medicines comprise many preparations for treating dysmenorrhea, especially Prasaplai preparation which has been listed in the Thai traditional common household drug list since 2006. The use of Prasaplai was originated about 100 years ago and is still being used in the present time to treat dysmenorrhea. This review focuses on the history of the preparation, active ingredients, and biological activities especially on cyclooxygenase inhibitor, artifacts occurred in the preparation, quantitative analysis, and clinical trial of Prasaplai formulation.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2007

The ethanolic (50% v/v) extracts of Carissa carandas (fruits) (Apocynaceae) and Microstylis wallichii (tubers) (Orchidaceae) were examined for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in experimental animals. Carissa carandas and Microstylis wallichii (50-200 mg/kg) caused a dose dependent inhibition of swelling caused by carrageenin significantly in cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the analgesy meter induced pain in rats. The extracts of Carissa carandas and Microstylis wallichii resulted in an inhibition of stretching episodes and percentage protection was 16.05-17.58%respectively in acetic acid induced writhing.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2003

The ethanolic (50% v/v) extracts of Peristrophe bicalyculata Nees. (Acanthaceae) were examined for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in experimental animals. P. bicalyculata in doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg caused a dose dependent inhibition of swelling caused by carrageenin equivalent to 12.25-24.49% protection and 16.62-39.44% in cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats. There was a significant increase in the tail-flick reaction time in mice (18.05-76.43% protection) and analgesy-meter induced pain in rats (14.49-56.85%) protection). The extract of P. bicalyculata resulted in an inhibition of stretching episodes and the protection range of 14.49-56.85% respectively in acetic acid induced writhing.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2002

Prostaglandins are generated through two isoforms of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, constitutively expressed cyclooxygenase(COX)-1 and COX-2, which is induced at sites of inflammation. Inhibition of COX-2 is desirable as this may avoid side effects seen with NSAIDs. We examined the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and cold therapy on the levels of muscle cycloooxygenase-2 mRNA in rats of carrageenan-induced inflammatory. The method of behavioral assessment were paw withdrawal latency(PWL) and tail flick test(TFT). The COX-2 mRNA levels were quantified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Following the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and cold therapy, PWL and TFT were increased and COX-2 mRNA expression in gastrocnemius muscles were decreased. These results suggest that a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and cold therapy were good therapy for a muscle pain.

• Clinical Pain
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2020

Radiation recall is an uncommon phenomenon in which administration of a chemotherapy or another systemic agent induces an acute inflammatory reaction in previously irradiated tissues, often weeks to years after completion of radiotherapy. Gemcitabine can induce an inflammatory reaction within an area of prior radiation. Radiation recall is known to medical oncologists, however only few cases have been reported in Korean journals, therefore physiatrist who diagnose and treat the treatment-related physical impairments of cancer patients must know about it. We emphasize the importance of knowledge of this phenomenon when considering the differential diagnosis of painful limb edema in a patient who has received cancer treatment.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to overview the studies of acupuncture treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease. Methods: In order to investigate the effect of acupuncture treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease, we searched relevant studies in Pubmed, Cochrane, Oasis, Korean studies Information Service System up to March 2019. After searching studies, we analyzed selected studies. Results: Five studies were included in this review. There were 1 randomized controlled studies and 4 before and after studies. The outcome measurement of pelvic inflammatory disease was divided into effective rate, physical examination, response, hematological parameter, pain. The acupuncture treatment was effective in improving pelvic inflammatory disease. Conclusions: This study shows that acupuncture treatment is one of effective treatment methods for pelvic inflammatory disease. Further large randomized placebo controlled trials will be needed.

• Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.614-627
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• 2018

Background/Aims Although functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are common in children, the accurate pathogenesis of FAPDs is not known yet. Micro-inflammation, particularly tissue eosinophilia of gastrointestinal (GI) tract, has been suggested as the pathophysiology observed in several GI disorders. We aimed to evaluate eosinophilic infiltration throughout the entire GI tract in children with FAPDs, compared to those with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and to normal reference values. Methods We included 56 children with FAPDs, 52 children with Crohn's disease, and 23 children with ulcerative colitis. All subjects underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopic and colonoscopic examination with biopsies. Tissue eosinophil counts were assessed in 10 regions throughout the GI tract. Results Eosinophil counts of the gastric antrum, duodenum, terminal ileum, cecum, and ascending colon were significantly higher in children with FAPDs compared to normal reference values. Eosinophil counts of the stomach and the entire colon were observed to be significantly higher in children with IBD than in those with FAPDs. Even after selecting macroscopically uninvolved GI segments on endoscopy in children with IBD, eosinophil counts of the gastric body, cecum, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and the rectum were also significantly higher in children with IBD than those with FAPDs. Conclusions Significantly high eosinophil counts of the stomach and colon were observed in the order of IBD, followed by FAPDs, and normal controls, regardless of endoscopically detected macroscopic IBD lesions in children. This suggests some contribution of GI tract eosinophils in the intrinsic pathogenesis of FAPDs in children.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2019

Lateral epicondylitis, also known as 'tennis elbow', is a degenerative rather than inflammatory tendinopathy, causing chronic recalcitrant pain in elbow joints. Although most patients with lateral epicondylitis resolve spontaneously or with standard conservative management, few refractory lateral epicondylitis are candidates for alternative non-operative and operative modalities. Other than standard conservative treatments including rest, analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, orthosis and physical therapies, nonoperative treatments encompass interventional therapies include different types of injections, such as corticosteroid, lidocaine, autologous blood, platelet-rich plasma, and botulinum toxin, which are available for both short-term and long-term outcomes in pain resolution and functional improvement. In addition, newly emerging biologic enhancement products such as bone marrow aspirate concentrate and autologous tenocyte injectates are also under clinical use and investigations. Despite all non-operative therapeutic trials, persistent debilitating pain in patients with lateral epicondylitis for more than 6 months are candidates for surgical treatment, which include open, percutaneous, and arthroscopic approaches. This review addresses the current updates on emerging non-operative injection therapies as well as arthroscopic intervention in lateral epicondylitis.