• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.25-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this case study is to examine how group rhythmic playing can help enhance imitation skills for 3 children with developmental disabilities aged between 30-50 months. The program was composed of social musical play, the therapist's imitating the way young children played musical instruments, and the young children's imitating the way the therapist played musical instruments. Every session was videotaped, and the researcher and two music therapists checked the videotaped sessions to ensure the reliability of findings. The case study demonstrated the following results. First, the three young children who participated in the playing of rhythmic musical instruments showed an increase in imitation behaviors. Second, the infants exhibited the greatest change from 1 beat imitation according to the degree of difficulty of group rhythm musical instrument demonstrated. Third, the most radical change in the infants' ability to imitate appeared in Sessions 3-7 where the therapist imitated the operation and a performance of the infant. In conclusion, the activity of playing rhythmic musical instruments in a group generated improvement in the imitation ability of young children with developmental disabilities.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.161-169
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• 2014

This study investigated changes in the prelinguistic vocal production of typically developing infants aged 5-20 months based on Stark Assessment of Early Vocal Development-Revised (SAEVD-R). Fifty-eight typically developing infants participated in the study, and they were divided into four age groups, 5-8 months, 9-12 months, 13-16 months, and 17-20 months of age. Vocalization samples were collected from infants' play activities and were classified into 5 levels and 23 types using SAEVD-R. The results revealed that the four age groups showed significant differences in production proportion of vocalization levels. Level 1, 2, 4, and 5 vocalizations exhibited significantly different across the four age groups. Level 3 was predominantly produced across every age group. Therefore, the vocalization level was not significantly different across the four age groups. Especially, vowels in Level 3 vocalization predominantly produced across all ages during a long period. Also, significant increases in the proportion of Levels 4 and 5 occurred after 9 months, which suggested that the production of cannonical syllables is a key indicator of advancement in prelinguistic vocal development. The results have clinical implication in early identification and speech-language intervention for young children with speech delays or at risk.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.422-429
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• 2007

Measurement of lung function is an integral component of respiratory physiology and of clinical assessment of lung diseases in school age children and adults. Pulmonary function test of infants and children under the age of 2 years have now been standardised and are being used both in research and as an adjunct to clinical management. By contrast, until recegntly, children of preschool age, i.e. between 2-6 years represented a major challenge for pulmonary function test assessment, this particular period commonly being referred to as the 'dark ages' of Pediatric Pulmonology. Measurement of lung function in preschool-aged children is now feasible. However, much work remains to be done in standardizing how these tests are performed, and in understanding the most appropriate role for the various tests in the study of growth and development of the respiratory system and in the clinical management of children in this age group. As the field develops and the knowledge of respiratory physiology in this age group expands, investigation of different and more appropriate algorithm use in preschool children, together with development of more appropriate reference data, may result in improved disease discrimination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.21-21
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• 2006

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

Dong Tribe is a populous nationality with brilliant civilization, they created their unique culture of costumes and accessories throughout the long river of history. And the children's costumes could be the florid feature of the splendid fashion of Dong Tribe because they reflect the sentimental tastes and consciousness of the nation. The children's costumes of Dong Tribe are classified as infants' garments and children's garibaldis by different ages, the garments are much more in kinds, fresher in colors and much complicated in shapes while comparing with the adults' garments. Furthermore, the children's hats, bibs and baby carriers are also the outstanding features in children's costumes of Dong Tribe.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.101-128
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• 2013

This study investigated the interactions between infants of differing natures and teachers in a nursery, and to find the right way to foster the relationship. This study was carried out for 13 weeks, in a class consisting of eight children between one and two years old and with two teachers. The sources of data collection included observations, interviews with teachers, taking videos and voice recording. The results were as follows. (1) Infants with different natures show different reactions in the same situation and it affects the interaction between them and the teachers. (2) The types of interactions among infants with different natures are distinct and the interaction is influenced by factors other than just their nature. A constant interaction between infants and teachers based on the natures of infants and situational reacting strategies toward infants tremendously influence infants' development.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.541-553
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• 2018

This study examined the influences of infants' age for the first use of smart devices and the amount of time to use them on the externalizing problem behavior as well as investigated whether maternal managing behavior (setting rules on accessing smart devices and monitoring their child's use of smart devices) had moderating effects. The study participants consisted of 521 three to six year old infants (235 boys and 286 girls). The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and a hierarchical regression. The results of this study indicated that the age at first use of smart devices and maternal managing behavior had significant effects on the externalizing problem behavior of infants. The earlier the infants first used smart devices, the higher the level of externalizing problem behavior. Externalizing problem behavior was also found to be higher when the mothers showed no managing behavior. Second, maternal managing behavior moderated the relation between the age at first use of smart devices and the externalizing problem behavior of infants. The effects of the age at first use of smart devices on the externalizing problem behavior of infants were greater when the mothers did not set rules regarding the use of smart devices and did not supervise children when using smart devices.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.12 s.214
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• pp.97-111
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• 2005

Early Head Start (EHS) can provide services to a child and family from pre-birth until the child is three years old. Services are comprehensive, intensive, individualized and flexible according to child and family needs, and integrated with community service delivery systems. The local program designs and operations were developed and carried out within the framework of the Head Start Revised Performance Standards, which included specific provisions for services to pregnant women, infants and toddlers and emphasized prevention, early intervention, safety, and health education. As with preschool Head Start, EHS programs are required to make available 10 percent of their enrollment for infants and toddlers with disabilities as defined by Part C regulations of the state in which the program operated. Quality child care has become a priority for EHS. A majority of EHS children need child care, and the quality is important to their development. An evaluation of EHS in 17 programs selected from the first program cohorts showed that the program had significant and positive impacts on a wide range of parent and child dimensions, some with implications for children's later school success. Among the issues for policy attention identified by American EHS for the Korean system are: - The need to create a comprehensive infant/toddler care system - The need to address access of teachers for young children - The need to improve quality.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2005

Objective : There is no acceptable indication and treatment of choice for infantile and child subdural hygroma and there are only a few reports about that in Korea. So the authors studied the clinical findings of infantile and child patients with subdural hygroma to improve the understanding and to suggest a standard treatment method. Methods : The authors retrospectively evaluated the causes, preoperative symptoms, radiological thicknesses, and postoperative results of 25patients with subdural hygroma who received surgical therapy. Results : There were 16boys and 9girls whose median age was 6months[range $2{\sim}120months$]. The main clinical manifestations were seizures, increased intracranial pressure, macrocrania and alteration of consciousness. Radiological thicknesses of the subdural hygroma varied from 7mm to 42mm and postoperative changes of thickness[y] could be expressed with the factor of month[x]: $y\;=\;-1.32\;{\times}\;+11.8$ in subdural drainage, and $y\;=\;-1.52\;{\times}\;+14.9$ in subduroperitoneal shunts. Of the 25patients, 2 [50%] were successfully treated by aspiration, 13 [59%] by subdural drainage, and 9 [69%] by subduroperitoneal shunt. Conclusion : It is suggested that the diagnosis and treatment of subdural hygroma in infants and children should be carefully addressed because of its high prevalence in children, and especially in infants. It is also suggested that the subdural drainage could be primary initial treatment method because it is simpler than a shunt, and since our data show that there is no statistical difference in postoperative recovery duration between the two operative methods.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2020

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease in which the patient cannot concentrate urine despite appropriate or high secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Congenital nephrogenic DI is caused by the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) or aquaporin 2 (AQP2) gene mutation; the AVPR2 genetic mutation accounts for 90% of the cases. National health screening for infants and children was launched in 2007 in order to prevent accidents and promote public health in infants and children in Korea. The program has been widely used as a primary clinical service in Korea. We treated an infant with faltering growth and delayed development detected by the National health screening program, and diagnosed the problem as nephrogenic DI caused by a rare missense mutation of c.490T>C on the AVPR2 gene. This case can be a good educational nephrogenic DI with a rare AVPR2 mutation, which was well screened and traced by the national health screening program for infants and children in Korea.