• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.91-108
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• 2019

Game have become a universal leisure culture for the world. However, not only did the development of the game industry have a positive impact on society, but it also brought about various social problems, such as adversely affecting youth and encouraging criminal acts. In order to minimize these effects, countries around the world operate a game rating system to provide games suitable for age and social values from children and young people to the general public. Since games are new digital content, the limitations of the rating system are still discussed in many studies. Therefore, this study investigates the current status of global game regulation by investigating game rating systems of various countries including Korea. In addition, by comparing and analyzing the game rating system in Korea and the system of other countries, this study suggests a direction to improve our system more appropriately. The results of this study will contribute to securing the effectiveness and standardization of domestic game classification system.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.330-345
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• 2023

This study aimed to categorize consumers using super app functional characteristics to identify demographic differences, and analyze shopping orientations by consumer type. This data can be used by fashion and beauty companies for product planning and marketing strategies. To categorize super app consumers, data were analyzed with SPSS v.26.0 software using frequency, factor, reliability K-mean cluster, and distributed analyses, one-way-ANOVAs, and Scheffe verification. Cross-analysis was conducted to correlate super app consumer types with demographic characteristics. One-way-ANOVAs and Scheffe verification were used to analyze the differences in shopping preferences between super app consumer groups. As a result of our analyses, super app consumers were classified into four types: the ration type, the low-use type, the multifunction type, and the habit type. There were statistically significant differences between these types in age, occupation, marital status, average monthly household income, and shopping impact factors. Five super app user shopping orientations were identified: brand pursuit, pleasure pursuit, trend pursuit, risk perception, and economic orientation. The differences in the preferred orientation between super app consumer types were found to be statistically significant. The majority of respondents were multifunction type consumers. This group used the super app most frequently and effectively. They also demonstrated the highest scores for all five of the shopping orientations. The classification of consumer types in this study will allow the fashion and beauty industries to utilize super apps for more targeted product design and marketing.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.272-278
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• 2023

Background: Some working conditions may pose a higher physical or psychological demand to pregnant women leading to increased risks of pregnancy complications. Objectives: We assessed the association of woman's employment status and the industrial classification with obstetric complications. Methods: We conducted a national population study using the National Health Information Service database of Republic of Korea. Our analysis encompassed 1,316,310 women who experienced first-order live births in 2010-2019. We collected data on the employment status and the industrial classification of women, as well as their diagnoses of preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) classified as A1 (well controlled by diet) or A2 (requiring medication). We calculated odds ratios (aORs) of complications per employment, and each industrial classification was adjusted for individual risk factors. Results: Most (64.7%) were in employment during pregnancy. Manufacturing (16.4%) and the health and social (16.2%) work represented the most prevalent industries. The health and social work exhibited a higher risk of PE (aOR = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.21), while the manufacturing industry demonstrated a higher risk of class A2 GDM (1.20, 95% CI: 1.03-1.41) than financial intermediation. When analyzing both classes of GDM, women who worked in public administration and defense/social security showed higher risk of class A1 GDM (1.04, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.07). When comparing high-risk industries with nonemployment, the health and social work showed a comparable risk of PE (1.02, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.07). Conclusion: Employment was associated with overall lower risks of obstetric complications. Health and social service work can counteract the healthy worker effect in relation to PE. This highlights the importance of further elucidating specific occupational risk factors within the high-risk industries.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.119-128
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• 2013

As ICT technology becomes advanced, the importance of future internet is emphasized and in part of that, M2M (Machine-to Machine communications) is magnified in terms of importance and usage in public and private sector. M2M is emerging as a next generation strategic industry but there is no existing analyzed data or market classification, so it disrupts establishing policies on the M2M industry. As the technology is progressing, the evolution from M2M to IoT (Internet of Things) has started and many countries actively try to find technological trend through market analysis in order to develop new growth engine. Therefore, in order to strengthen competitiveness, we should secure differentiated capabilities in industry and service. This article examines Korea's domestic market and international market trends in IoT and analyses the economic impact of the IoT industry using quantitative methodology and evaluates relations between the IoT industry and other relevant industries. As a result, the effect of IoT industry on production inducement is KRW474.6 billion; the effect on value-added inducement is KRW314.7 billion; and it is measured that 3,628 jobs will be created by the IoT industry.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.41-46
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• 2016

Welding is an absolutely essential component of industries such as the automotive industry, the construction industry and even the aviation industry. Although it is a widespread technology it is still characterized by lots of uncertainties. This still requires well experienced and highly skilled workforce to design and perform safe welding processes. The early knowledge of distortion and residual stresses is almost an issue which is influenced mainly by the welding parameters and the fixture design. But more and more engineers want to know as well final properties of the assembled components. With the beginning of the computer age in the 1970s and 1980s last century, the numerical prediction of manufacturing processes using FEM was gradually getting better and has established itself in the industry since the 1990s as a standard tool. Unlike in metal casting and forming industry, however, the everyday use of FEM- simulation tools for welding processes eked out a shadowy existence for a long time. This paper will give a short classification of welding simulation types and a structured overview on the technical questions. Selected case studies and the benefits achieved through simulations with the software Simufact welding are discussed. Finally an outlook on future developments will be given.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.165-171
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• 2019

The domestic information security market is booming, For the development of the information security industry. I wanted to suggest a strategy for finding and developing a good business model. So the main products were classified by similar industries. And The sector was selected as the dependent variable. Expert interviews were conducted and classified according to technical maturity. Independent variables were sales, number of employees, and performance. Average analysis result, sales amounted to 8.798 billion won, 13.51 years in industry, and 64.3 employees. As a result of SPSS statistical analysis, the correlation between industry type and sales according to technical maturity (r = -.729) was within 5% of significance level. The regression results were significant. (p= .047<0.05) Therefore, industry classification and sales are related to technological maturity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.440-443
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to classify government regulations and to present the direction of regulation policy in korean construction industry with focus on subcontract or special contractor. The literature research and type analysis are adopted as research method. And the results of this study are as followed. The study has shown the type of government regulations related with subcontract or specialty contractor in korean construction industry. Also, Having shown the institutional function of the regulations in the market. And the study has presented the approach to reform government regulations in construction industry. First, government must recognize not only economic efficiency but also social equity as equivalent policy values. Second, government must evaluate the benefit and cost of policy group as regulations have changed. Third, government must analysis the functions and effects of regulation reform in comparison with existing regulation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.42-50
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• 2013

With the rapid change of industry and the development of science and technology, more than 100,000 industrial chemicals are being used and 2,000 new materials are developed every year. Chemical products have had favorable influence on our daily life and contributed very much to the prosper of human culture. But some materials are inherently poisonous and dangerous. Korea ranks as the number 7 in world's chemical products market and the chemical sector is contributing to the economic revival through importing and exporting of the products. With the increasing domestic as well as international interests about REACH and GHS, the need for the effective and efficient chemical material management system is getting bigger and bigger. In this research, we compare the criteria in UN GHS and Safety Control of Dangerous Substances Act of Korea for the development of global standard test methods and the classification and labelling for the chemicals, and suggest an advancement plan for the introduction of the GHS in a building block approach. In addition, providing the harmonized information about chemical hazards is suggested for the elimination of international trade barriers for chemical industries.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.108-115
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• 2017

This study evaluated a preventive information communication system for the storage, handing, and transportation of hazardous materials according to the hazardous materials safety management law of Korea. At present, the chemical management system has very little information on accident responses due to a problem in the initial response. Therefore, this study was designed to improve the hazardous materials safety management law as an advanced method for simultaneous accident prevention and response, such as GHS system. This can also cause confusion in industry, such as manufacturing and import-export companies, because safety management laws and the GHS system are very different from the hazard classification systems. This study suggests a harmonization plan between the hazardous materials safety management law and the GHS classification system through an analysis of the hazardous materials classification system of major advanced countries.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.103-123
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• 2014

This study investigated general problems concerning the tourism field in the KDC 6th edition based comparative analysis academic characteristics and classification system, and suggested on some ideas for the improvements of them. Results of the study are summarized as follows. First, academic field of tourism is generally divided into a general tourism, tourists, tourism attraction, and tourism media, but classification system of tourism is limited to parts of tourism attraction and a general tourism. Tourism attraction and tourism media are dispersed among the subject. Second, I analyzed on tourism from the collection database at the National Library of Korea. Based on analysis of the data. the keyword frequency of tourism management, type, development, psychology, industry, and convention etc. was relatively high. Third, modified classification of items was basically performed through the academic characteristics of the tourism and the keyword analysis, and maintaining the existing KDC classification system caused less confusion as much as possible. Also, based on this matter was added to the relative indexes.