• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2012

The application area of spatial information such as urban planing, facility management, traffic service are expanded to new service areas such as environmental pollution, securing resources, u-City. In particular, the increased importance of spatial information application in mobile environment based on smart phone, a mobile spatial data infrastructure and related strategy suggestions to provide mobile spatial information service is required. In this paper, we derived strategy suggestions to foster the next generation strategic industry and proposed the role of public sector, the development of mobile spatial information services, the construction of mobile spatial information infrastructure and the stepwise strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.357-362
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• 2010

The railroad that represents modern industry began appearing in 1899. However, after the steam locomotive that provided water stopped the service, the water towers within the railroad station were useless. Suggestions presented in this study for activating the environment around the water towers that are designated as the cultural properties results are as followed: 1) The place where people can experience the vestiges of Korean War and the region that different novels accommodated. 2) A plaza 3) A facility for exhibition of industry inheritance and local products 4) A local landmark 5) Reproduction of the historical steam locomotive and water tower Local residents should participate in the activation process. And the designer should consider the environmental context. In addition, the activation of water towers should be designed under an urban plan.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.114-129
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• 2006

This purpose of this study is to research on the influence on the creation of young generation's street fashion of pop stars focused on pop music given the fact that fashion can be created by popular culture in this multi-media era. Also, this study is to provide useful data for the activation of the creation of young fashion culture and the fashion industry through pop stars' fashion. The pop stars' fashion that has affected young street fashion is as follows : Elvis Presley's rock'n'roll style, Beatles' mods style, Janis Joplin's hippy style, Sex Pistols's punk style, Madonna's boy-toy and corset style, Michael Jackson's androgynous style, Puff Daddy and L.L Cool J's hip-hop style, Bob Marley's reggae style, Spice Girls, Jennifer Lopez and Britney Spears's sexy style. The young street fashion culture of pop stars and its industrial meaning withdrawn from the above are as follows : Creation of a fashion icon, Creation of anti-fashion, Liberation of a sex role, Costume play culture, Activation of the young fashion industry through star marketing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2005

Kinetic studies were carried out for aquation of carbonatobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) complexes in [H+] aqueous solution by UV/VIS-spectrophotometry. The rate law that in deduced from rate data is $rate=k_H{^+}[H^+]^{1.4}$ {$[Co(en)_2(CO_3)]^+$}1.0 where $k_H{^+}$ is the rate constant considering acidic catalyst, $H^+$ ion whose value is $0.241l{\cdot}mol^{-1}{\cdot}sec^{-1}$. The values of activation parameters Ea, ${\Delta}H^{\ast}$ and ${\Delta}S^{\ast}$ were $15.33Kcal{\cdot}mol^{-1}$, $14.52Kcal{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ and -57.49 e.u. respectively. On the basis of kinetic data and the observed activation parameters, we have proposed the mechanism that proceeds with two step protonations. The rate equation derived from the proposed mechanism has been in agreement with the observed rate equation. It has been seen that our modified mechanism for Harris's proton freequilibrium one prefer to the his concerted mechanism, and more the last product substitute $H_2O$ for $OH^-$ the Harris's mechanism in the acidity range 2 < pH < 5.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-63
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• 1999

Today, information society is affected by new technologies including Electronic Commerce(EC), Electronic Data Interchange(EDI), Commerce At Light Speed(CALS ), multimedia and teleconferencing. Electronic Commerce is believed to be a field that will bring about a huge revolution of human life in the 21st century and thus its industry will give greatly influential effect on other industries In this paper, we have surveyed and studied through the internet and related materials for the development of framework of Electronic Commerce. It is required that we need the leading role of our government for the earlier activation of Electronic Commerce usage and have to establish the solid background of EC technology creation of our nation's originality and to activate the venture industry oriented for idea and technology rather than the industries in the form of larger enterprises. In conclusion, we have to expand our own ability of research and development to keep the continuous growth of our Electronic Commerce market and industries through the development of new product and prior acquisition of market as well as to expand the path of various technology aquisition by the strategic M&A and capital investment with the leading foreign enterprises.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.209-214
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated whether A. distichum decreases the production of inflammatory mediators through downregulation of the NF-${\kappa}B$ and ERK pathway. Our data indicated that A. distichum leaf inhibits the overexpression of iNOS in protein and mRNA levels, and subsequently blocked LPS-mediated NO overproduction in RAW264.7 cells. A. distichum leaf inhibited $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation and p65 nuclear translocation, and subsequently suppressed transcriptional activity of NF-${\kappa}B$ in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, A. distichum leaf suppressed LPS-induced ERK1/2 activation by decreasing phosphorylation of ERK1/2. These findings suggest that A. distichum leaf shows anti-inflammatory activities through suppressing ERK-mediated NF-${\kappa}B$ activation in mouse macrophage.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In this study, the apoptogenic activity and mechanisms of cell death induced by hexane extract of aged black garlic (HEABG) were investigated in human leukemic U937 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide) assay. Apoptosis was detected using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenyllindile (DAPI) staining, agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry. The protein levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Caspase activity was measured using a colorimetric assay. RESULTS: Exposure to HEABG was found to result in a concentration- and time-dependent growth inhibition by induction of apoptosis, which was associated with an up-regulation of death receptor 4 and Fas legend, and an increase in the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression. Apoptosis-inducing concentrations of HEABG induced the activation of caspase-9, an initiator caspase of the mitochodrial mediated intrinsic pathway, and caspase-3, accompanied by proteolytic degradation of poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase. HEABG also induced apoptosis via a death receptor mediated extrinsic pathway by caspase-8 activation, resulting in the truncation of Bid, and suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. However, pre-treatment of U937 cells with the caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk, significantly blocked the HEABG-induced apoptosis of these cells, and increased the survival rate of HEABG-treated cells, confirming that HEABG-induced apoptosis is mediated through activation of caspase cascade. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the overall results, we suggest that HEABG reduces leukemic cell growth by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, implying its potential therapeutic value in the treatment of leukemia.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of difficulty and turnover of nurses working in the field and to derive clinical work activation and supply policy improvements. Data was collected from December, 2014 to January, 2015, from 23 hospitals, and participants were 3,887 nurses working in the field, Survey details : the difficulty of the clinical work of nurses working in hospitals, turnover intentions status and policy proposals for clinical research work enabled General characteristics, difficulties in clinical working, turnover intention and clinical work plan activation are frequency analysis. The difference between each of the variables in accordance with the general characteristics are one-way ANOVA analysis, Correlation analysis of the variables is also a Pearson correlation coefficients. 'difficulties in clinical working' was a statistically significant difference depending on the type of hospital, nursing class, number of beds, location, age, position, employment, gender, working form, working department, salary, career, and degree level. 'turnover intention' was a statistically significant difference depending on nursing rate, number of beds, region, age, position, sex, shifts, departments, annual income, and career. 'policy recommendation' was a statistically significant difference depending on type of hospital, nursing rate, age, position, employ, shifts, departments, annual income, degree level and career 'difficulties in clinical working' is 'turnover intention' (p<.001), 'policy recommendations' (p<.001) and had a significant positive correlation. and 'turnover intention' had a "policy recommendation" significant positive correlation with the relationship (p<.001) The most difficulties point of the nurses working in the field are the environment, such as shift, urgent and dangerous. Major policy proposals are improve treatment such as wages, and welfare.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.297-304
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• 2015

The flower buds of Sophora japonica L (SF), as a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herb, have been used to treat bleeding-related disorders such as hematochezia, hemorrhoidal bleeding, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and diarrhea. However, no specific anti-cancer effect and its molecular mechanism of SF have been described. Thus, we performed in vitro study to investigate if treatment of SF affects activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression and ATF3-mediated apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. The effects of SF on cell viability and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay and Western blot analysis against cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). ATF3 activation induced by SF was evaluated using Western blot analysis, RT-PCR and ATF3 promoter assay. SF treatment caused decrease of cell viability and increase of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Exposure of SF activated the levels of ATF3 protein and mRNA via transcriptional regulation in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 by PD98059 and p38 by SB203580 attenuated SF-induced ATF3 expression and transcriptional activation. Ectopic ATF3 overexpression accelerated SF-induced cleavage of PARP. These findings suggest that SF-mediated apoptosis may be the result of ATF3 expression through ERK1/2 and p38-mediated transcriptional activation.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the importance and satisfaction of users in the use and selection of a dance academy and contribute to methods for the activation of a dance academy based on basic information. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 213 users attending 12 dance academies in G Metropolitan City using the IPA statistical method. The following conclusions were drawn. The highest importance of a dance academy in IPA analysis was a professional teacher, followed by clean dance equipment, transit accessibility, dance academy fee, and a kind teacher. The highest satisfaction was a professional teacher, followed by various dance programs, teacher's choreography ability, a kind teacher, and transit accessibility. Based on the findings, dance academy users felt that the professionalism and kindness of teachers who directly teach them, academy fee, and equipment cleanliness associated with the age of COVID-19 were important. High satisfaction factors were teacher-related factors and transit accessibility. Therefore, it is considered that a professional and kind teacher and clean and hygienic environment will contribute to the activation of a dance academy.