• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.931-937
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• 2003

The principle of the superconducting vortex flow transistor (SVFT) is based on control of the Abrikosov vortex flowing along a channel. The induced voltage is controlled by a bias current and a control current, instead of external magnetic field. The device is composed of parallel weak links with a nearby current control line. We explained the process to get an I-V characteristic equation and described the method to induce the external and internal magnetic field by the Biot-Savarts law in this paper. The equation can be used to predict the I-V curves for fabricated device. From the equation we demonstrated that the current-voltage characteristics were changed with input parameters. I-V characteristics were simulated to analyze a SVFT with multi-channel by a computer program.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.320-326
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• 2016

Rip current forecasts, based on intensity, are marked in four levels—notice, watch, warning, and danger. However, numerical results are represented by current vectors, whose magnitudes are then converted into predictive levels. In the present study, the rose diagram is adapted as a determinative forecasting index and examined for the case of an ideal rip channel consisting of surface, bottom, and averaged currents. Further, it is employed in the sensitivity analysis of wave-induced currents generated by wave conditions at the Haeundae Beach. The simulation of surface onshore and bottom undertow currents is accomplished by including a mass flux term in the wave-averaged continuity equation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.8
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• pp.1115-1122
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• 2012

This paper analyzes eddy-current loss induced in magnets of surface-mounted permanent magnet (SPM) machines by using an analytical method such as a space harmonic method. First, on the basis of a two-dimensional (2D) polar coordinate system and a magnetic vector potential, the analytical solutions for the flux density produced by armature winding current are obtained. By using derived field solutions, the analytical solutions for eddy current density distribution are also obtained. Finally, analytical solutions for eddy current loss induced in rotor magnets are derived by using equivalent electrical resistance calculated from magnet volume and analytical solutions for eddy-current density distribution. In particular, the influence of time harmonics in armature current on the eddy current loss is fully investigated and discussed. All analytical results are validated extensively by finite element analysis (FEA).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.503-508
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• 2009

There are many researches on human effect by electromagnetic equipments and applications. However, most of research and guidelines for limiting human exposure to electromagnetic fields are established by mobile communication of SAR(Specific Absorption Ratio). Therefore we need to study different effects on human body when exposed to high frequency(HF) band equipments, such as human induced current etc. In this paper, we measured human induced current by RFID reader antenna of HF band in the near field and we propose human equivalent antenna which has orthogonal loops to each other. Then, we compared the induced currents on proposed equivalent antenna with human.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.377-383
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• 2023

Purpose: There is increasing attention to the application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for enhancing cognitive functions in subjects to aging, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite varying treatment outcomes in tDCS which depend on the amount of current reaching the brain, there is no general information on the impacts of anatomical features associated with AD on tDCS-induced electric field. Objective: The objective of this study is to examine how AD-related anatomical variation affects the tDCS-induced electric field using computational modeling. Methods: We collected 180 magnetic resonance images (MRI) of AD patients and healthy controls from a publicly available database (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; ADNI), and MRIs were divided into female-AD, male-AD, female-normal, and male-normal groups. For each group, segmented brain volumes (cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter, ventricle, rostral middle frontal (RMF), and hippocampus/amygdala complex) using MRI were measured, and tDCS-induced electric fields were simulated, targeting RMF. Results: For segmented brain volumes, significant sex differences were observed in the gray matter and RMF, and considerable disease differences were found in cerebrospinal fluid, ventricle, and hippocampus/amygdala complex. There were no differences in the tDCS-induced electric field among AD and normal groups; however, higher peak values of electric field were observed in the female group than the male group. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the presence of sex and disease differences in segmented brain volumes; however, this pattern differed in tDCS-induced electric field, resulting in significant sex differences only. Further studies, we will adjust the brain stimulation conditions to target the deep brain and examine the effects, because of significant differences in the ventricles and deep brain regions between AD and normal groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.26-36
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• 2003

Collected and analyzed the coastal processes at the estuary of Nak-Dong river and its near coastal area from the history of field measurements. Introduced a numerical model to predict three dimensional topographical change which are evaluated from the nearshore wave and the wave induced current fields for the objective area, and later it were related to the development of beach and shoals. With the comparison between measured and calculated, we found that the changes on the coastline and sand spit and bar development are induced not only by artificial forces due to the construction of river dike, but also by the strong impact of wave induced current. In future days, it is expected that coastline change and sand bar development at the lee side of Jinwoo-Deung and at the front of Dadae beach.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.215-222
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• 2009

Medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons are involved in the reflex control of the head and eyes, and in the recovery of vestibular function after the formation of peripheral vestibular lesions. In our present study, whole cell patch clamp recordings were carried out on MVN neurons in brainstem slices from neonatal rats to investigate the actions of a group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist upon synaptic transmission and ionic currents. Application of the mGluR I agonist (S)-3,5- dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) increased the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) but had no effect upon amplitude distributions. To then identify which of mGluR subtypes is responsible for the actions of DHPG in the MVN, we employed two novel subtype selective antagonists. (S)-(+)-$\alpha$-amino-a-methylbenzeneacetic acid (LY367385) is a potent competitive antagonist that is selective for mGluR1, whereas 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) is a potent noncompetitive antagonist of mGluR5. Both LY367385 and MPEP antagonized the DHPG-induced increase of mIPSCs, with the former being more potent. DHPG was also found to induce an inward current, which can be enhanced under depolarized conditions. This DHPG-induced current was reduced by both LY367385 and MPEP. The DHPG-induced inward current was also suppressed by the PLC blocker U-73122, the $IP_3$ receptor antagonist 2-APB, and following the depletion of the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ pool by thapsigargin. These data suggest that the DHPG-induced inward current may be mainly regulated by the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ store via the PLC-$IP_3$ pathway. In conclusion, mGluR I, via pre- and postsynaptic actions, may modulate the excitability of the MVN neurons.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.57-62
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• 2015

Non-destructive techniques are used widely in the metal industry in order to control the quality of materials. Eddy current testing(ECT) is one of the most extensively used non-destructive techniques for inspecting electrically conductive materials at very high speeds that does not require any contact between the test piece and the sensor. The New ECT sensor which can detect inner defects was developed regardless the condition of surface. This sensor is verified to do experiment which measure the loss of induced electromotive force. The loss of induced electromotive force was measured in 5.4% and this low frequency ECT device can detect internal defects at depth 20 mm.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07c
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• pp.1956-1958
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• 2002

This paper reviews the calculation of induced voltage to a communication line from Power Transmission Line. Power lines, both overhead and underground, often run parallel to weak current lines, such as telecommunication, signal or data transmission systems or protection circuits. The coexistence of both systems in parallel over long lengths is accompanied by the possible induction of significant longitudinal voltage in the weak current line. In order to evaluate a precise induced voltage, this paper indicated problem about coefficient and numerical formula and present some induced voltage production technology standard application.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.11
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• pp.2128-2135
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• 2009

In this paper, current limiter using a magnetic switching which is based on magnetic flux change in the case of fault is proposed. This current limiter consists of iron-core and three parts of coils. One is the primary coil connected to the power system. Another is the secondary coil wound to the opposite direction of the primary coil's winding. The other is the secondary of the secondary coil which is a movable copper plate winding and located below the secondary coil. In the normal state, the magnetic flux produced in the primary and secondary coils flows to the opposite directions each other and becomes to be canceled out. Therefore the voltages induced between the coils are zero. In the case of a fault, at the moment of a fault occurrence recognition, the switch connected to a secondary coil is opened and the secondary of the secondary coil is pulled out to the outside of the iron-core. Then, magnetic flux becomes to flow through the iron-core. Accordingly, the voltage is induced between the both ends of the primary coil and makes the current reduced. Therefore it is possible to cut off the circuit breaker easily with the proposed current limiter. This paper analyzes the current limiting effects and the detailed results are given.