• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.324-329
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• 2008

Recently with the demand of well-being is increased, the demand for indoor thermal environment and air quality is increased. According to this circumstance, many people in Korea note the traditional architecture that is made by natural materials, such as a soil, stone and wood. However, few researches regarding the indoor thermal environmental characteristics of the Korean traditional houses is reported. In this study we analyzed the indoor thermal environment for Han-ok through field measurement. Moreover, based on the field measurement results. indoor thermal comfort in Han-ok is analyzed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 2005

Draft is defined as an unwanted local cooling of the human body caused by air movement. It is a serious problem in many ventilated or air conditioned buildings. Often draft complaints occur although measured velocities in the occupied zone maybe lower than prescribed in existing standards. Purpose of this study is to clarify the evaluation of thermal comfort based on temperature and air velocity in winter. Experiments were performed in an environmental chamber in winter. Indoor temperature and air velocity was artificially controlled. The experiments were performed to evaluate temperature conditions and air velocity conditions by physiological and psychological responses of human. According to physiological responses and psychological responses, it was clear that the optimum air velocity is about 0.15 m/s and 0.30 m/s.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.213-219
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to propose a model for evaluating comfort of indoor environment based on residents' subjective respones. The questionnaire survey was given to the residents at apartment complex located in Ilsan, Kyunggi-Do. The following are the results obtained in this thesis. The results of path analysis on comfort revealed that direct effects to comfort were the satisfaction on thermal environment, indoor air environment and sound environment, and the cognition on indoor air environment and sound environment. An evaluation formula of comfort by the factors of direct effects was given. This formula is recommended to evaluate comfort for pp.O.E(post occupancy evaluation)by residents.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.281-284
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to make clear the present condition of indoor thermal environment in apartment units and to analyze the relation of the living factors with indoor thermal elements. The field surveys consisted of measurements on physical elements and observations on living factors and interview on resident's subjective responses were carried out in 20 apartment units. The field surveys were carried out during the $January{\sim}March$ 2007. Measuring elements were air temperature, globe temperature, and relative humidity. As results, the averages of indoor temperature each houses were $21.2{\sim}27.2^{\circ}C$, the number of houses exceed the comfort zone were 4. The averages of globe temperature each houses were $21.3{\sim}27.5^{\circ}C$, 6 houses exceeded the comfort zone. The means of relative humidity were $19.5{\sim}58.8%$, relatively dry condition. The clothing value of residents were $0.39{\sim}0.89$ clo(average 0.68 clo). The average of thermal sensation ratings each room were $4.2{\sim}4.8$, 'neutral'$\sim$'slightly warm'. The results of regression analysis on relations of living factors with the thermal elements are as follow; ventilation time(outdoor air exchange), door opening time with balcony, and gas cooker use time had significant effect on indoor temperature.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to understand the indoor thermal environment in the earth brick wall building what is called a ecological Architecture. To investigate thermal performances of the earth brick walls, it measured indoor and outdoor air temperature, relative humidity, globe temperature and PMV in reference house. The result of this study were summarized as the followings; 1) When the outdoor average air temperature was $21.8^{\circ}$, livingroom was $24.9^{\circ}$, kitchen was $25.1^{\circ}$ and 2nd floor room was $25.6^{\circ}$ at 150 cm height from the floor. 2) Although the average outdoor relative humidity was 78%, the livingroom was 67.5%. 3) As the air temperature difference between at the top and bottom was $0.6^{\circ}$ in living room, this value was below 1 % of PPD by ASHRAE Handbook. 4) Predicted Mean Vote(PMV) by ISO-7730 was +0.41.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.1180-1185
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• 2006

Modern people spend most of time at indoor space, such as office or classroom. Especially, occupants are exposed to the airtight indoor air quality (IAQ) for a long time, At present, many studies on the air-conditioning systems are more focused on the individual thermal comfort than the thermal efficiency due to increase of the concern of health. There are several factors which are influenced thermal comfort, such as temperature, humidity, convection and air movement, etc. Also, the individual factor, such as age, gender, Physical constitution and habit, should be considered. The 4-way cassette type air conditioner is known to bring out better performance about thermal comfort than the traditional one. This study is performed on the higher ceiling environment than the common buildings or classrooms. Also, this study analyzed on the Indoor thermal comfort by diffusing direction of 4-way cassette air conditioner with various discharge angles, $45^{\circ},\;50^{\circ},\;55^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$. Using a commercial code, FLUENT, three-dimensional transient air thermal flow fields are calculated with appropriate wall boundary conditions and standard $k-{\epsilon}$ turbulence model. Results of velocity and temperature distributions are graphically depicted with various discharge angles.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2007

Recently, the numerical analysis using person shape model for CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) has been researched widely for the thermal comfort and inhaled air quality of human body in the indoor environments. The purpose of this research is to examine the characteristic of airflow and thermal environment around human body by the experiment of displacement ventilation that assumes the indoor environment of natural convection. In this study, thermal manikin was used instead of real human body. The Airflow characteristic around human body was measured in precision by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry). This experimental result will be used as data for CFD benchmark test using person shape model.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.97-105
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to determine the actual state of the indoor thermal environment in apartment units and to analyze the relationship between the living factors and indoor thermal elements. The field surveys consisted of measurements of physical elements and observations of living factors. In addition, the residents of 20 apartment units were interviewed to survey their subjective response. Field surveys were carried out from January to March 2007. Measuring elements were air temperature, globe temperature, and relative humidity. The results showed that the average of indoor temperature for the houses was $21.2{\sim}27.2^{\circ}C$, while 4 houses exceeded the comfort zone. The average of globe temperature for the houses was $21.3{\sim}27.5^{\circ}C$, while 6 houses exceeded the comfort zone. The mean relative humidity was $19.5{\sim}58.8%$, which is a relatively dry condition. The residents' average clothing value was $0.39{\sim}0.89$ clo(average 0.68 clo). The average thermal sensation vote on each room was $4.2{\sim}4.8$, which is 'neutral' to 'slightly warm'. Living factors had significant effect on indoor temperature in regression analysis were ventilation time(outdoor air exchange), opening time of door through balcony, and gas cooker use time.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to grasp the characteristic of indoor thermal environment from large enclosures in connection with heating and cooling condition. This study has measured indoor thermal environment in winter and summer season. We examined indoor thermal environment of the large enclosures in this study which include vertical, horizontal temperature distribution and thermal comfort environment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1999

This survey is to investigate the effect of plants and waterscape facilities on the thermal indoor environment and to provide basic data for proper plant cultivation to enhance indoor landscape. The survey of the measure of comfort on the indoor environment for the residents of Taegu shows that the measure of comfort on the thermal-environment, which consist of temperature and humidity, has more negative responses than the measure on lighting . are . sound environment, which consists of air freshness, lighting condition and sound environment. The experiments on the effect of the amount of leaves and the distance of plants on the indoor thermal-environment are made. The experimental results illustrate that, as the capacity of a plant becomes greater and the distance from the plant shorter, the falling effect of temperature and the rising effect of humidity on the top of the plant are taken higher than on the side of the plant. When the same amount of leaves is set up, the distance range of the rising effect of humidity becomes wider than that of the falling effect of temperature. The investigation of the effect of waterscape facilities on the indoor thermal-environment shows that temperature and humidity of the space with installed waterscape facilities are lower and higher than without facilities, respectively.