• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

As a result of comparison analysis on body types of Korean women in their twenties and Korean women residing in Japan, the following results had been found. 1. The comparison of 49 items in physical measurements between the Korean women in their 20's and Korean women residing in Japan resulted in the differences in 33 items. 2. The comparison of the factor analysis results for physical measurements did not reveal big differences. 3. The comparison of the physical shapes according to the grouping resulted in three types each for both groups, with different features for individual types. Women residing in Korea were classified into tall and normal body, normal height with obese body, and short and thin body. Women residing in Japan showed different characteristics with tall and obese body, short and thin body and normal height with obese body. As a result of this study, identical ethnic group was found to take on different body types resulting from sociocultural differences and difference in eating habits if their place of residence differs for a long time.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.19 no.1 s.27
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• pp.137-151
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• 1989

To help arrive at a more accurate diagnosis of anteroposterior apial base relationship on each individual case, it is important to compare the interpretation in the same population on a longitudinal basis. The author studied on the changes of the anteroposterior apical base relationship using serial lateral cephalometric roentgenograms of 15 boys and 27 girls aged from 6 to 13 years of Korean children. Following results were obtained 1. Norms of Korean boys and girls were established. 2. With ages, there was a gradual decrease of ANB, AXB angle, and there was a gradual increase of facial angle, A-B plane angle, APDI. 3. Wits appraisal does not change significantly with ages. 4. No significant differences were observed in the changes between male and female subjects for all absolute values between the ages of 6 years and 12 years, but significant differences were observed in ANB, AXB, A-B plane angle of the age of 13 years. No significant differences were observed in the changes between male and female subjects for all incremental values between the ages of 6 years and 13 years.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.175-192
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• 2014

This study explores the effects of various factors on the use of nutrition information on food away from home (FAFH). Consumer groups were classified into groups according to their perception of being overweight and obese (correctly perceiving, underestimating and overestimating weight). For this, frequency analysis, a chi-square test, and an ANOVA were conducted to determine any differences between factors, and a logit analysis (SPSS 18.0) was conducted to identify those factors influencing the use of information. Information recognition, intentions to use information and the use on FAFH showed significant differences across the groups. In addition, health inspection, the perception of the intrinsic quality of restaurants, labeling, FAFH expenditure, and some individual characteristics showed significant differences between groups. The information recognition of FAFH had a significant positive effect on information use in all groups. In all groups, labeling had a significant positive effect on information use, and family health concerns had a significant positive effect on information use in the group correctly perceiving weight. The price of domestic food items, household head and household income had significant positive effects on information use in the group overestimating weight.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 2018

This research aims to explore the relationships between academic writing ability and 'thinking styles' (capable of representing individual differences and diversity) in engineering freshmen in Korea, and to draw educational implications for the development of instructional strategies. (Academic) Writing is not just about conveying an idea or content, it is also about the representation of writer's self. In this perspective, there has been some research conducted on writing (process) and personality. However, to date, little attention has been paid to writing ability of engineering students and its relationships with thinking styles. This study was conducted with 127 engineering freshmen as well as 67 non-engineering freshmen at H University, and students' writing ability as well as their thinking styles have been measured before and after writing class for 15 weeks. Our findings show that firstly, there was a significant difference of writing ability by majors. Second, there were significant differences in freshmen's thinking styles by majors. Third, there was significant differences of writing ability according to thinking styles. Freshmen's internal, legislative and hierarchical styles scored significantly higher in writing ability than the others. And as for the engineering freshmen, internal, external and global styles scored significantly higher in writing ability than the others. Finally, there was a weak but significant relationship between writing ability and thinking styles(hierarchical & internal). These findings are expected to provide an explanation for the development of instructional strategies of writing (related) courses in engineering school.

• Architectural research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2000

Housing Adjustment is a set of creative human activities that take place to meet various housing needs. Thus far, numerous studies have given attention to speculate a typology of those activities on an empirical base. Overall, though, little is known about its theoretical underpinning, due to the independent nature of each individual study in interpreting differences in conclusions. This study examines and compares results from two previous studies on housing adjustment. Previous research on housing adjustment suggests that, other than household and housing characteristics, housing satisfaction as an intervening variable is deeply associated with the choice of housing adjustment involved in mobility, home improvement, or cognitive adaptation. The two studies used similar theoretical schemes, asked similar questions, yet one sample consisted of Korean American residents and the other sample was poor housing residents in Korea. This study shows that differences in sample characteristics lead to a strong discrepancy in interpreting Speare's (1974) satisfaction theory of housing adjustment. For Korean Americans, housing satisfaction turned out to be a good predictor of housing adjustment preference, while it is not the case for poor housing residents in Korea. This implies that findings of any Single study can not be generalized directly to the population as a whole. Thus, continued effort should be made to compare specific findings from various research studies, seeking explanations for differences in conclusions. Theory can be legitimately built and strengthened in this integrated manner.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the soft tissue thickness of male and female orthodontic patients with different skeletal malocclusions. Methods: Soft tissue thickness measurements were made on lateral cephalometric radiographs of 180 healthy orthodontic patients with different skeletal malocclusions (Class I: 60 subjects, Class II: 60 subjects, Class III: 60 subjects). Ten measurements were analyzed. For statistical evaluation, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed. Least significant difference (LSD) and Dunnet T3 post hoc tests were used to determine the individual differences. Results: Soft tissue thicknesses were found to be greater for men than for women. Statistically significant differences among the skeletal groups were found in both men and women at the following sites: labrale superius, stomion, and labrale inferius. The thickness at the labrale superius and stomion points in each skeletal type was the greatest in Class III for both men and women. On the other hand, at the labrale inferius point, for both men and women, soft tissue depth was the least in Class III and the greatest in Class II. Conclusions: Soft tissue thickness differences among skeletal malocclusions were observed at the labrale superius, stomion, and labrale inferius sites for both men and women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.942-951
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to categorize consumers into subdivided groups by fashion leadership, and to compare and analyze demographic variables, benefits sought of clothing and clothing style preferences between the subdivided groups by fashion leadership. The subjects were 303 female in their age of 30's and 40's living in Seoul and the Kyunggi province. For the analysis of the, mean, Pearson's correlation, $\chi$2-test, Factor Analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test were conducted and the cronbach's $\alpha$ has been calculated to measure the reliability. The results are as follows; 1. Consumers are categorized into four groups, which are fashion dual leaders, fashion leaders, fashion followers, and the fashion laggards. Among the 4 sub-groups by fashion leadership, there were significant differences in demographic variables such as age, education level and occupation. 2. Among the 4 sub-groups by fashion leadership, there were significant differences in benefits sought according to factors such as brand, individuality, fashionability and activity. 3. Among the 4 sub-groups by fashion leadership, there were significant differences in clothing style preferences according to individual and sexy, simple and sophisticated style, elegant and formal style, slim style, modest and plain style.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.418-430
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• 2008

The purpose of this study were 1) to subdivide sportswear consumers according to consuming desire of sports 2) to identify the differences in lifestyle and sportswear benefits sought. The data were collected via a questionnaire from 312 consumer who have been purchased sportswear and living in Seoul. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Sportswear consumers were divided into four segments: sports mania, attractive body pursuers, passive followers, mind purifiers. 2) Six realms of lifestyle such as clothing, food, home & interior, leisure life, consumption and sense of values were factor-analysed separately, and lifestyle factors which showed significant differences among segments are I) fashion ostentation in the realm of clothing ii) western style, health-oriented in the realm of food, iii) sports life enjoyment, sociable life, hoped-for foreign travel in the realm of leisure life, iv) brand oriented, price comparison, sale goods preference in the realm of consumption, and v) realist, interpersonal skills, strong personality, individualism in the realm of values 3) Five factors of sportswear benefits sought which showed significant differences among segments are comfortability/practicality, ideal body/good-looking, individual character, fashion! ostentation, and brand oriented.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.395-400
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• 2003

This study investigated the effect of sleep duration on food and nutrient intake among adult Koreans. The effects of sleep duration on dietary patterns was studied in 7,370 Korean adults, aged 20 and older, who participated in the 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey in which the 24 hour recall method was used to estimate dietary intake. Sleep duration data from individual subject were collected by interview as a part of a behavior survey. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test were used to test the differences in food and nutrition intake and sleep duration. Food intakes of the male subjects were not significantly different among three groups. However, there were significant differences observed in intakes of beverage and alcohol among female subjects among the three groups. There were no significant differences observed for nutrient intake by sleep duration for either gender. Unlike the observation from European and American studies, food and nutrient intake of Korean subjects, in general, were not greatly affected by duration of sleep. This result may suggest that dietary habits of Koreans, as affected by sleep, are quite different from those of Europeans & Americans.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.363-371
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• 2012

This study examined the cognitive consequences of constructivist teaching practices on the acquisition and transfer of programming with respect to the design of an instructional context that would encourage students to engage in reflective thought; the cognitive consequences of learning in the constructivist context; and the relation between the social and the individual in the teaching and learning process of programming. Students worked on a variety of programming and design problems in constructivist instructional contexts. The results indicated that between-group differences over repeated measures consistently favored students in reflective instruction. Rather than simple differences on measures, the pattern of mean differences over time conformed to a chain of cognitive consequences regulating the acquisition of programming. The implications of the study and suggestions for future research were discussed.