• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.spc
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• pp.123-147
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• 2003

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the probabilistic versus deterministic view of accident and safety using the indigenous and cultural perspectives. Death and injury due to accidents is the leading cause of preventable death in most countries, including Korea. The first part of this paper delineates the limitation of the linear, deterministic model that has been adopted in social and applied sciences. The transactional model, advocated by indigenous psychology, is provided to understand the probabilistic nature of accident and safety at home, in the workplace and in society. Second, factors related to accidents and safety are reviewed. Third, application of the probabilistic model for preventing accidents and promoting safety in Korea is outlined.

• 중국학논총
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• no.72
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• pp.1-23
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• 2021

一个國家或國家的文化与那个民族或國家的語言有着不可分割的關系。文字是文明的標志, 有了文字, 歷史才得以被記录下来。人們把漢字称爲象形文字, 起源于繪畵。唐蘭先生在《中國文字學》中指出, 旧石器时代的人類已經擁有很多繪畵作品, 這些繪畵作品從動物到人類形象多种多樣, 然后就直接設了。翻看納西族使用過的字型, 可以感受到象形文字的深刻殘余。另外, 通过看似非常原始, 但表達却非常實際, 直接地通過寫實性描寫, 可以感覺到其意思正在被智慧地傳達出來。在維持獨立生活的同時, 也能看出被外部世界同化的純眞。有种感覺, 可以利用东巴文字將生活在現代生活中的我們生活的污垢抹掉, 通過漢字治療也可以實現, 甲骨文字和金文字的象形性比較, 考察硏究, 進而通過漢字治愈内心, 實現成長和成熟, 這种硏究今后將在中文學界發揮与實際學相同的作用。

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-76
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• 2016

In this paper, I offer a reflection on two cases to assess in preliminary manner the viability of an indigenous methodology for Southeast Asian Studies. The first is Kaupapa Maori Research (hereafter KM) as spelt out in the much talked about book by Linda Tuhiwai Smith, Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous People (Smith 1999). The second case is Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology, SP), which began to take shape in the late 1960's and 1970's in the Philippines. Arguably these are among the most developed efforts at decolonization or indigenization of methodology. I intend to use these cases to explore the factors that made possible the flourishing and stagnating of indigenous methodologies. I shall argue that the broader context of knowledge consumption, not epistemological and methodological concerns, poses the most formidable challenge to the viability of indigenization efforts.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.spc
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• pp.21-55
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of trust in Korean culture using the indigenous psychological analysis. First, this paper raises central questions that arise in Korean families, schools, companies and society: 1) Why are some Korean families disintegrating? 2) What core values do Korean schools teach? 3) What are the goals that Korean companies pursue? 4) Does trust exist in Korean society? Second, this paper reviews a series of empirical studies conducted using the indigenous psychology approach. The results indicate the following three major themes: 1) trust is based on relational culture and ingroup identity; 2) emotional attachment and bond provide the basis of trust; 3) the emphasis on cultivation of virtue through constant self-cultivation rather than ability and the control of the environment. Third, this paper raises central issues that need to be addressed: 1) the extension and expansion of trust beyond the narrow confines of the family and ingroup to include outgroup members; 2) recognition and balance of public rationality and private emotions and relations in society; 3) the achievement of balance between self-regulation and the control of the environment.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.105-135
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to examine the experience of stress, coping and social support among students and their parents after Korea recovered from the recent economic crisis. A total of 634 students(primary school=135, junior high school=118, senior high school=168, and university=213) and 842 parents (fathers=421, mothers= 421), for a total of 1,476 participants, completed an open-ended questionnaire developed by the present researchers. For students, the most painful experience was related to problems in academic life, followed by problems in relationship. For father, the most painful experience was financial problems and for mothers, it was conflicts in the family. In stress situations, self-regulation was the most frequently adopted coping style by both students and adults. The second most frequently reported coping style was avoidance. In terms of social support, students reported receiving most support from friends, and the importance of friends became greater for the older students. Parents reported receiving most social support from their spouse. As for the type of social support, around half of students and parents reported receiving emotional support. Emotional support was viewed as being very important in reducing the stress experience related to academic life, problems in relationships, family conflict, and financial difficulties. The results of the present study will be compared to similar studies conducted before and during the economic crisis and the implications of these studies, as well as the importance of the indigenous Korean psychology, will be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2003

The fundamental goal of this paper is to make a sketch of what trust looks like in Korean culture. To pursue this goal, we have resorted to materials linked to trust whose characteristics are theoretical, conceptual, observational and illustrational. Although a shortage of empirical and systematic data on trust is a big obstacle to profound understanding of trust operating in Korea, we would like to assign some significance to our attempt to conceptualize the concept of trust as it really is in the Maum(mind) of common Koreans. We believe that research paradigm for behavioral science should be cast off in research of mind-related phenomena like trust. A general practice cherished to date in doing psychological research is to pinpoint exclusively its focus on external manifestation of a given concept with no precedent analyses about it in anthropological and cultural-psychological perspectives. We would like to argue that complete understanding of naïve psychology of those phenomena should precede construction of psychological theories about them. That is, knowledge of interpretations, experiences and theories laypersons have in relation to mind-related phenomena has to be underpinnings of further theoretical elaborations about those phenomena.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.127-164
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• 2003

This study investigates how Korean children and adolescents perceive their parents using the indigenous psychological approach. An open-ended questionnaire was developed by the first two authors to investigate reasons why children and adolescents feel grateful, respect, indebted, close, conflict, and distance with their parents. A total of 763 participants (212 grade three students, 267 grade eight students, and 284 grade eleven students) completed the questionnaire. The results can be summarized into three main points. First, the vast majority of children and adolescents feel grateful, respect, and indebted to their parents. They feel grateful, respect and indebted for the sacrifice and suffering they experience looking after the family. Moreover, they respects their parents because of their sincerity, blood relationship, benevolence, guidance and educational support. They feel indebted since they did not obey them, were not able to meet their expectations, and were not diligent in their schoolwork. They felt especially close to their mother. The conflict they felt was due to generational gap and in their academic performance. Second, age affects how they perceive their parents. The parent-child conflict increases with age. The feeling of indebtedness also increase with age. However, the feeling of gratefulness and respects decreases with age. The feeling of closeness with father also decreases with age. Third, socio-economic status and educational achievement of children and adolescent affect the perception of their parents. Those with higher academic grade and socio-economic status are more likely to feel respect and indebtedness and less likely to feel conflict and distance.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.spc
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• pp.177-209
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• 2004

This paper provides a theoretical and conceptual framework for understanding adolescent culture and educational achievement in Korea. In the first part of the paper, the authors outline a research paradigm in cultural psychology and adolescent culture. In the second section, the traditional family structure, the role of parents, and how they have been changed by modernization are outlined. In the third section, socialization practices and parent-child relationship are reviewed. In the fourth section, Western theories that have been developed to explain educational achievement and their limitations are examined. In the fifth section, factors that contribute to educational success of Korean students are presented. In the final section, the impact of centralized, standardized, and rigid educational system that is imposed on adolescents is discussed. The highly regulated and centralized bureaucracy restricts educational and career opportunities for adolescents and it is responsible for the high rate of violence, delinquency, and bullying in Korea. The need for encouraging civil society that allows for diversity of ideas and skills and at the same time maintaining strong relational bonds are discussed.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.303-320
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• 2021

Objectives: Although medical typologies based on indigenous biopsychological ideas have been described, their integrity has been questioned due to its theory-driven nature in categorization. Therefore, studies on the Sasang typology, a temperament-based traditional Korean medicine, are needed to examine whether it is possible to classify types of specific biopsychological profiles using data-driven analysis. Methods: Psychological measures of the Eastern Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and Western NEO-Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) along with physical measures and Sasang types were acquired from 2,049 participants. Latent groups based on the SPQ and NEO-PI subscale scores were extracted using Latent Profile Analysis. Their psychosomatic features were then compared with those of Sasang types. Results: Three SPQ-based latent groups showed distinctive psychological and physical features consistent with those of Sasang types. However, four NEOPI-based latent groups presented only psychological features. Furthermore, SPQ-High and SPQ-Low latent groups demonstrated similar psychosomatic profiles to those of So-Yang and So-Eum Sasang types, respectively. Conclusions: This study illustrates that biopsychological profiles of Sasang types are supported by psychosomatic features of latent groups based on SPQ of Eastern psychology, signifying that the categorization of Sasang typology have acceptable validity and reliability.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.spc
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• pp.163-174
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to review eight researchers on the trust and mistrust of Korean society, and to suggest the tasks of psychological researches in terms of cultural psychological perspective. In traditional Korean culture, feeling of trust is emerged from the family relationship formed by the blood ties based on father-son relation. In this respect, the meaning of trust might be different from that of western culture, which is emerged from the market relationship formed by the contract based on husband-wife relation. Now, the Korean family seems to be disorganized rapidly, so in this sense, it is suggested that recent Korean society might be the trust-absent society rather than the mistrust society. Also, it is suggested that further psychological researches must be performed in the serious consideration of the indigeneous characteristics of Korean culture.