• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2005

We isolated the Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus(CGMMV) particles from watermelon leaves and designated as CGMMV-HY1 as a watermelon isolate and attempted to characterize the pathogenic isolate responsible for such an epidemic in watermelon and also to monitor dominant viral isolates in greenhouse. The watermelon plants infected with CGMMV generally showed mottle mosaic, mosaic, growth stunting, necrosis and deformed fruit. The reactions of indicator plants to CGMMV-HY1 were the local lesions on Nicotiana tabacum cv. White Burley, Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun, and Chenopodium amaranticola, and the mosaic symptoms only on Cucumis sativus, but the CGMMV-HY1 did not infect Nicotiana sylvesytis, Datura stramonium, Chenopodium quinoa, and Petunia hybrida. Purified virus particles were rod-shaped and about 300 nm long. The coat protein (CP) of purified CGMMV-HY1 was single band with molecular weight of about 16.5 kDa which was confirmed by western blot analysis probed with monoclonal antibody of CGMMV-HY1. The genomic and subgenomic RNAs of 6.4 kb and 0.75 kb were revealed by the electrophoresis on 1.2% formaldehydedenatured agarose gel. Viral and complementary CGMMV-specific primer sets were designed for spanning the genome using previously reported CGMMV sequences. A 464bp of CP gene of CGMMV-HY1 was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into PGEM-T easy vector. The nucleotide sequence of CP gene of CGMMV-HY1 shared 98%, 99%, and 100% identities with that of CGMMV strains W, KOM, and KW respectively. Based on these results, we identified CGMMV-HY1 as a CGMMV isolate of watermelon, a member of Tobamovirus.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.260-277
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• 2015

The object of this study was the climate change sensitivity assessment of Korean Fir and Khinghan Fir as a representative subalpine plant in South Korea. Using species distribution models, we predicted the probability of current and future species distribution. According to this study, potential distribution that have been predicted based on the threshold (MTSS) is, Khinghan Fir was higher loss rate than Korean Fir. And in the climate change sensitivity assessment using the scalar sensitivity weight ($W_{is}$), $W_{is}$ of Korean Fir was higher relatively than the sensitivity of Khinghan Fir. When using the species distribution models as shown in this study may vary depending on the probability of presence data and spatial variables. Therefore should be prior decision studies on the ecological environment of the study species. Based on this study, if it is domestic applicable climate change sensitivity assessment method is developed. it would be important decision-making to climate change and biological diversity of adaptation policy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.93.1-93
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• 2003

A growth chamber fumigation was conducted to evaluate the ozone (O3) on the physiology of three hot pepper, Capsicum annuum L. cultivars, 'dabotab', 'buchon' and 'pochungchun'. Thirty-day old plants were exposed to O3 of 120 nl 1-1 in the chambers for 8 h d-1 for 3 days. Foliar damage due to O3 was different from the varieties, 'dabotab'was most sensitive to O3, 'pochungchun' was medium, and 'buchon' was resistant. Ozone symptom on the leaves was bifacial necorsis. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were decreased due to O3 treatment, but they were not much different from the variety. Decreases of net photosynthesis by O3 were 56％, 40％ and 35％ on 'dabotab', 'buchon' and 'pochungchun', respectively Decreases of stomatal conductance by O3 were 66％, 63％, and 50％ on each varieties. Ozone closed the stomata and decrease net photosynthesis on hot peppers regardless of the variety. Light curves on the three varieties were showing similar patterns that O3 damage on net photosynthesis were started at the low levels of light with or without the visible injury, Assimilation-internal CO2 concentration curves of the three cultivars were not different due to the treatment. It means there was not significant biochemical damage Inside the leaves by O3. In conclusion, ozone closed the stomata and damaged light capturing system of the pepper leaves with or without the visible damage. Although visible damage of the leaves could be a good indicator of O3 resistance, the ecophysiological change by O3 were not proportional to the amout of visible injuries

• Research in Plant Disease
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.379-382
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• 2017

In March 2016, an isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus (named Gyp-CMV) was isolated from the Sambungai (Gynura procumbens) showing the symptoms of mosaic and chlorosis. The isolate Gyp-CMV was characterized by disease reactions in several indicator plants, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and sequence analysis of movement protein (3a) and coat protein (CP) genes. Tobacco, tomato, pepper, ground cherry, and lambsquarters (Chenopodium quinoa and C. amaranticolor) appeared typical CMV symptoms, but zucchini and cucumber were not infected. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3a and CP gene indicated that Gyp-CMV belongs to the CMV subgroup II. Sequence identities of the Gyp-CMV 3a and CP genes showed 99.3% and 100% to that of Hnt-CMV at amino acid level. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV infection in Gynura procumbens.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.56-70
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the vascular plants of Mt. Bulmyeongsan in Jeollabuk-do from April 2015 to October 2016. The vascular plants were summarized as 433 taxa, including 100 families, 290 genera, 382 species, 4 subspecies, 38 varieties and 9 forms. Among the investigated 433 taxa, 5 Korean endemic plants and 4 rare and endangered plants were included. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 1 taxa of grade IV, 10 taxa of grade III, 3 taxa of grade II and 19 taxa of grade I. Naturalized plants consisted of 28 taxa that made up 6.5% of the total vascular plants in this area.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2016

We conducted the study on the relationship between the distribution of coastal sand dune plants and edaphic factors from the shoreline to inland in sand dune ecosystem. The application of TWINSPAN classification based on 10 species, led to the recognition of three vegetative groups (A-C), which associated with their habitats (foredune, hummuck in semistable zone and stable zone). The associations were separated along soil gradient far from the seashore. The relationships between species composition and environmental gradients were explained by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Distance from the shoreline was an important indicator to determine soil properties (pH, total ion contents, sand particle sizes, organic matters and nitrogen contents) from the seaward area to inland area and distribution pattern of coastal sand dune plants. Group A is foredune zone, characterized by Calystegia soldanella; group included typical foredune species such as Elymus mollis, Carex kobomugi, Ixeris repens, C. soldanella and Glehnia littoralis. Group B on semi-stabilized zone was characterized by Vitex rotundifolia, a perennial woody shrub. This group was associated the proportion of fine sand size (100 to 250 μm). The results on the proportion of soil particle size showed a transition in sand composition, particularly with respect to the proportion of fine sand size that occurred from the foredune ridge at 32.5 m to the Vitex rotundifolia community at 57.5 m from the shoreline. Group C on stabilized zone was characterized by Zoysia macrostachya, Lathyrus japonicus and Cynodon dactylon and were associated soil organic matter and nitrogen contents. The spatial distribution of plants in the Goraebul coastal sand dune system may result from the interactions between the plant species and environmental heterogeneity.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.134-137
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• 2008

A strain of Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) was isolated newly from sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum var. angulosum) showing necrosis with large necrotic spots on fruits and vein banding with malformation on leaf at Cheongdo area in Gyeongsangbukdo. The new strain was designated as a CMV-NP and the shape of virus particles was isometric of 26 nm in diameter from the sweet pepper fruit by Dip method. The strain of CMV-NP was identified genetically by VC/RT-PCR. CMV-NP could infect systemically on the 9 indicator plants including Cucumis sativus, but it could infect locally on Chenopodim amaranticolor and C. quinoa. CMV-NP induced the specific symptoms of necrotic rings on the inoculated and the upper leaves of N. rustica and Tetragonia expansa. On Cucumis sativus, the large chlorotic ring and vein chlorosis were produced on the upper leaves. CMV-NP had no virulence on Datura stramonium.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 한국미생물학회 2002년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.100-105
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• 2002

The diversity of epiphytic bacterial communities on deciduous oak tree (Quercus dentate Thunb.) leaves was examined both in the natural forest area with a clean air and in the industrial estate to assess effects of acidic deposition to the phyllosphere using 16S rDNA sequence data. In addition, acid-tolerant epiphytic bacterial communities were compared. A total of 78 epiphytic and 444 acid-tolerant clones were obtained from clone libraries, resulting in 20 and 17 phylotypes by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for PCR-amplified 16S rDNA products. A low bacterial diversity in both areas was found. As tree leaves grow older, bacterial diversities were slightly increased in the level of subphylum. The community structure of epiphytic bacteria in both areas in April consisted of only two subphyla, $\beta-and\;\gamma-Proteobacteria$. In August two additional subphyla in both areas were found, but the composition was a little different, Acidobacteria and Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroids (CFB) group in the industrial estate and a -Proteobacteria and CFB group in the natural area, respectively. Acidobacteria could be an indicator of epiphytic bacteria for acidic deposition on plant leaves, whereas a -Proteobacteria be one of epiphytic bacteria that naturally survive on leaves that are not affected by acidic deposition. The acid-tolerant bacterial communities in April were composed of two subphyla, $\gamma-Proteobacteria$ and Low G+C gram-positive bacteria in both areas, and in August a-Proteobacteria was added to the community just in the natural forest area. The direct influence of acidic deposition on the acid-tolerant bacterial phylogenetic composition could not be detected in higher taxonomic levels such as subphylum, but at narrower or finer levels it could be observed by a detection of Xanthomonadales group of $\gamma-Proteobacteria$ just in the industrial estate.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2005

The effects of UV-B radiation on the seedling growth, carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidants activities of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were investigated under environmentally controlled chamber. Supplementary UV­B radiation reduced dry matter as well as leaf area, there­fore, relative growth rates (RGR) of seedlings were decreased by up to half compared to control. Photosynthetic products such as soluble sugars and starch were rapidly and significantly reduced by within 1 day of enhanced UV-B radiation due to the inhibition and degradation of photosynthetic processes and thylakoid membrane integrity. In our study, nonstructural carbohydrate levels were proved to be a main indicator on UV-B­induced stress. The behavior of SOD, CAT, APX and POD activities was monitored in the leaves of rice seedlings subjected to UV-B radiation. Under UV-B treatments, SOD activity was initially increased, whereas CAT and POD activities were slowly and slightly increased. However, APX activity showed no presumable results with an increase of UV-B dose. In leaves of rice seedlings, supplementary UV-B radiation caused an increase in free putrescine and spermidine, however spermine remained unaltered, although 24-hrs UV-B treatment slightly increased. This result presumes that an excess UV-B dose may induce ethylene biosynthesis (senescence) rather than polyamine biosynthesis (defense).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2018

Compared to yellow dust coming from China or particulate matter created naturally in spring due to Total Suspended Particulate(TSP), particulate matter in winter season have much more serious effect on human body as they penetrate cell membranes. Although such particulate matter are becoming a social issue, there are no concrete plans on how to reduce them. Air-purifying plants are limited in maintaining the indoor air quality of large area because it is usually difficult to quantify their performance. In order to improve this, a bio-filter that can be connected to air conditioner is suggested as an option. This study seeks to improve air conditioning model-based monitoring method for bio-filters from prior studies and objectify correlations between applied vegetation and growing environment into quantitative indicators. By doing so, this study seeks to provide criteria on plants applied to artificial soil-based vegetation bio-filters and basic information to set air-conditioning features. The study results confirmed significant tendency on the growing stability of each purifying plant in mechanical air-conditioning environment. Among three models selected for bio-filter vegetation models, epipremnum aureum showed high performance in quantitative indicators, including soil moisture, EC, and leaf temperature, etc., indicating that it would assure the highest growing stability in this test air-conditioning environment.