• 대한가정학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2012

This research was conducted for the analysis the middle-old aged empty nest households' debt holdings and their financial status(emergency fund index, liquidity index, debt burden index) considering the level of income and assets. In order to accomplish this study, we made use of the KReIS third beta-version data. The results of the analysis were as follows. First, in all income asset groups there were more non-debts holding houses compared to debt holding houses. Moreover in debts holding houses, compared to other groups high income high assets groups were more. Second, the households that possessed more assets, had more debts. Third, the financial status of the households holding debts were more vulnerable compared to households that had no debts. Moreover, all income asset groups' emergency fund index were low. Households having no debts possessed low real assets and so the liquidity index was higher in holding debts households. In holding debts households, debt burden index was high. And especially these houses suffered from high debt burden when their income and asset were low.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.325-332
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The aim of this review was to analyze the evaluation criteria on mandibular implant overdentures through a systematic review and suggest standardized evaluation criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A systematic literature search was conducted by PubMed search strategy and hand-searching of relevant journals from included studies considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and clinical trial studies comparing attachment systems on mandibular implant overdentures until December, 2011 were selected. Twenty nine studies were finally selected and the data about evaluation methods were collected. RESULTS. Evaluation criteria could be classified into 4 groups (implant survival, peri-implant tissue evaluation, prosthetic evaluation, and patient satisfaction). Among 29 studies, 21 studies presented implant survival rate, while any studies reporting implant failure did not present cumulative implant survival rate. Seventeen studies evaluating peri-implant tissue status presented following items as evaluation criteria; marginal bone level (14), plaque Index (13), probing depth (8), bleeding index (8), attachment gingiva level (8), gingival index (6), amount of keratinized gingiva (1). Eighteen studies evaluating prosthetic maintenance and complication also presented following items as evaluation criteria; loose matrix (17), female detachment (15), denture fracture (15), denture relining (14), abutment fracture (14), abutment screw loosening (11), and occlusal adjustment (9). Atypical questionnaire (9), Visual analog scales (VAS) (4), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) (1) were used as the format of criteria to evaluate patients satisfaction in 14 studies. CONCLUSION. For evaluation of implant overdenture, it is necessary to include cumulative survival rate for implant evaluation. It is suggested that peri-implant tissue evaluation criteria include marginal bone level, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth, and attached gingiva level. It is also suggested that prosthetic evaluation criteria include loose matrix, female detachment, denture fracture, denture relining, abutment fracture, abutment screw loosening, and occlusal adjustment. Finally standardized criteria like OHIP-EDENT or VAS are required for patient satisfaction.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2022

부동산 시장 분석에 있어 기본이 되는 정량적 데이터는 부동산 가격 지수이다. OECD와 같은 국제기구에서는 국가별 부동산 가격 지수를 공표하고, 한국부동산원에서는 광역시 단위와 시군구 단위의 지수를 산출한다. 그런데 공간단위를 시군구보다 정교한 동단위, 아파트 단지 단위로 설정하는 경우, 여러 문제점을 맞이하게 된다. 대표적인 문제는 결측치이다. 공간적 범위를 좁힐수록 단위 기간에 따라 거래가 적거나 아예 존재하지 않는 경우가 존재하기에 이 경우에는 지수의 산출이 불가능한 결측치가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 지도학습 기반의 머신러닝 기법을 활용하여 특정 범위와 기간에 거래가 존재하지 않아 발생할 수 있는 결측치를 보완하는 기법을 제안한다. 본 모형을 통해 부동산 매매 지수의 실제값이 존재하는 것들의 예측을 통해 그 정확도를 검증하고 결측치가 발생한 것들의 예측도 해 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.743-753
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among nutritional status, serum lipids and leptin of 134 elementary school students with different obesity index residing in Kyunggi-do, Korea. Subjects were assigned to under weight, normal weight or over weight group according to the their obesity index. Their nutritional status, serum lipid and leptin levels were evaluated based on 24-hr dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements and blood analysis. The mean weight, height and obesity index of total subjects was 150.8cm, 45.6kg and 5.4%. The mean % of body fat was higher while LBM and TBW (total body water) were lower in over weight subjects than those of other two groups. Total food, plant protein, carbohydrate, and vitamin C intakes of underweight male students were lower than those of overweight male students. The consumption of total fat was the highest in the female normal weight subjects and the lowest in female overweight subjects. Male students consumed more plant protein and vitamin C than female students. The mean daily intake of vitamin B$_2$, calcium and zinc of all subjects did not meet the Korean RDA. Also, iron intake of female students was lower than the Korean RDA. The mean level of serum leptin was the highest in male and female overweight subjects (p＜0.001). The HDL-cholesterol level was the highest in the underweight group of male subjects (p＜0.05) and in the normal weight group of female subjects (p＜0.001) The serum level of leptin and atherogenic index (AI) of females were higher than those of males. Serum leptin of total subjects had significantly positive correlation with obesity index, weight, SBP, body fat, cholesterol intake, serum triglyceride, and AI. However, serum leptin was negatively correlated with LBM, TBW, intake of plant protein, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin C and serum HDL-cholesterol. Obesity index was also positively correlated with weight, SBP, body fat, serum triglyceride and AI. To summarize the results, the vitamin B$_2$, calcium, zinc, iron and fiber intakes should be supplied to elementary school students, especially those who were overweight. The average serum leptin level of students showed remarkably positive correlation with obesity index, body fat, serum lipids and AI. Also, it was suggested that the serum leptin might be related to the dietary factors like cholesterol, plant protein, vitamin B$_1$ and vitamin C of elementary school students.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2004

혼잡지표는 혼잡발생지역을 계량적으로 평가하기 위해 필요하다. 지금까지의 혼잡지표의 구축은 방법론상 해당분석 시간 동안 통과하는 다수의 차량에 대한 데이터 수집을 근간으로 하는 비경제적인 실측치조사기반이라 어려움이 있었다. 이렇게 비교적 고비용으로 산정된 혼잡지표 역시 혼잡정보의 제공이라기보다는 교통운영, 교통정책의 평가 및 개발을 위해 주로 활용되어져 왔다. 본 연구는 단일 GPS Probe 차량을 이용하여 실시간으로 간선도로상의 혼잡 유무를 가릴 수 있는 모형을 개발하여 이를 통해 교통상황에 대한 정보를 (1)링크혼잡정보와 (2)링크통행속도정보를 동시에 구하여 도로이용자에게 정보를 제공함은 물론 전술한 전통적 교통영역에서도 이용이 가능하도록 하였다. 또한 간선도로상에서 신호의 영향을 고려한 모형을 구축하기 위해, 기존의 혼잡모형에 새로운 항목을 추가하여 실시간 혼잡지표 모형을 개발하였다. 이후 현장실험을 통해 모형을 검증하였으며 결론적으로 본 연구에서 제시한 실시간 혼잡모형의 현실적인 적용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 단일 Probe 차량을 이용하여 경제적으로 혼잡의 유무를 가릴 수 있는 모형을 통해 실시간적인 혼잡지표를 개발하여 교통정보제공의 내용에 다양화를 추구하였다는 것에 학술적 의미가 있다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2015

In this study, the vertical characteristics of wind were analyzed using the horizontal wind, vertical wind, and vertical wind shear, which are generated from a wind profiler during concentrated heavy rain, and the quantitative characteristics of concentrated heavy rain were analyzed using CAPE, SWEAT, and SRH, among the stability indexes. The analysis of the horizontal wind showed that 9 cases out of 10 had a low level jet of 25 kts at altitudes lower than 1.5 km, and that the precipitation varied according to the altitude and distribution of the low-level jet. The analysis of the vertical wind showed that it ascended up to about 3 km before precipitation. The analysis of the vertical wind shear showed that it increased up to a 1 km altitude before precipitation and had a strong value near 3 km during heavy rains. In the stability index analysis, CAPE, which represents thermal buoyancy, and SRH, which represents dynamic vorticity, were used for the interpretation of the period of heavy rain. As SWEAT contains dynamic upper level wind and thermal energy, it had a high correlation coefficient with concentrated-heavy-rain analysis. Through the case studies conducted on August 12-13, 2012, it was confirmed that the interpretation of the prediction of the period of heavy rain was possible when using the intensive observation data from a wind profiler and the stability index.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.193-206
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on Atopic dermatitis symptoms. Methods 19 patients (7 men, 12 women) were involved in this study. The intensity of SCORAD index (Erythema/darkening, Edema/papulation, Oozing/crust, Excoriation, Lichenification/prurigo, Dryness) and the symptom of SCORAD index (Pruritus) in two regions were measured. One region was treated by LLLT, the other region was not treated. Then a comparative study of index score of two regions was analyzed. Results After treatment, there were statistically significant differences in Edema/papulation, Excoriation (p<0.001), Oozing/crust (p<0.01), and Pruritus(p<0.05) index. Conclusions Based on the results, we concluded that LLLT is an effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Also, further controlled studies with clinical cases of appropriate treatment time, wavelength, and intervals are needed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.3028-3039
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• 2015

Recently, the web index of Korea peaked at the top 10 among the eighty six countries, and Korea became the only Asian country ranked at the top level. Korea also has been on the top in the field of Internet penetration rate, in terms of both high-speed broadband and wireless Internet. However, such achievements did not guarantee the national level for the effective use of information utilizing Internet. According to OECD, the national informatization index of Korea has not been free from the middle of the OECD countries. Despite of the heightened pressure in practically enhancing effective information use utilizing Internet, the previous research interests and efforts to develop the Internet-related framework or to identify Internet capabilities rarely existed. The study aims to propose the framework, named "Internet Information Orientation" that illustrates the relationship between Internet capabilities and national competitiveness on Internet. The research identified the specific Internet capabilities, reclassified the capabilities based on the research issues provided at the 6^th international conference on Internet held in December 2014, and finally described the rigorous research endeavors on the issues. As a result, 16 papers presented and selected as the outstanding papers at the conference handle issues to be brought together, which include: Wireless Network, Internet of Things, Green Computing, Multimedia Processing, Big Data and Text Mining, Database in Cloud Environment, Business Intelligence, Software Engineering, IT Strategy & Policy, and Social Network Services.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

This study is aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of drought on groundwater system in rural areas. For this purpose, the standardized groundwater level index (SGI) was used for 68 groundwater monitoring wells. To determine accumulation period (AP) which represents the month with the highest correlation coefficient between SGI and SPI, correlation analysis between the two for 68 wells were peformed. The results indicated the AP values ranged in 1~3 months for most of the well, but it was 7~10 months in some wells. These results can be interpreted such that the total amount of groundwater will not decrease significantly in long-term drought situations unlikely the reservoirs with the high AP values. The nationwide maximum AP values were 4.1 and 4.0 in Chungbuk-do and Gyeongnam-do, while the minimum AP values were 1.8 and 2.0 in Gangwon-do and Chungnam-do, respectively. The maximum and minimum values of correlation coefficient were 0.623 and 0.459 in Gyeongnam-do and Chungnam-do/Chungbuk-do, respectively. Consequently, it could be concluded that the wells with low AP value tend to respond to short-term drought, but it has little effect on groundwater system when the long drought occurs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2021

The labor force plays an important role in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) both in developed and developing countries. In countries where there are appropriate policies for training human resources and maintaining the health of human resources, such countries have a competitive advantage and can attract FDI inflows, besides having a workforce to meet the needs of foreign investors. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of the labor force and several other factors on FDI attraction in Vietnam. The empirical model is employed to perform regression and correlation on the impact of the labor force, real gross domestic product, inflation, index of business freedom, and index of investment freedom on Vietnam's FDI attraction by using a secondary time series data set during the period 1995-2018. The empirical results found that both labor force and inflation have a positive influence on FDI at a 5% significance level; index of business freedom has a positive impact on FDI at a 10% significance level, and real gross domestic product and index of investment freedom have a positive impact on FDI at a 1% significance level. From these results, this study proposes several important policy implications for Vietnam in attracting FDI in the future.