• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2021

This study discusses the effect of human capital and technology on economic growth in Indonesia using annual time series data over the 35-year research period (1984-2019). This study uses an autoregressive distribution gap to the cointegration approach to understanding the relationship between human capital, technology, and economic growth. Human capital is inherent in humans and becomes capital in providing the best performance that has an impact on their own income. We use the human capital framework in this study where education is one mechanism to increase human capital. Based on the results of our estimation, we find that the increase in human capital using the education mechanism affects economic growth. This shows the role of human capital investment is very important in economic growth. Technology shows a significant positive effect on economic growth. Increasing human resources and technology are important factors in efforts to increase economic growth in Indonesia. Educational development is the key to the success of increasing human capital and technological development because education plays a role in improving the quality of human resources. Increasing human resources here is in the form of increased knowledge, mastery of technology, innovation, and the ability to develop technology to encourage technology development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.381-389
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• 2021

The study examines differences in entrepreneurial intentions and its antecedents across countries and cultures. This study uses Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour to compare the entrepreneurial intention of two diverse countries: Saudi Arabia and India. The study uses the non-parametric Mann Whitney U test and Structural Equation Modeling to analyze a sample of university students of the two countries. The study finds significant differences among the students of these two countries. The result indicates that entrepreneurial intention is higher in Indian students than their counterparts in Saudi Arabia. The result further indicates that attitude and perceived behavioral control explains entrepreneurial intention in both the countries. However, social norms are significant in explaining entrepreneurial intention only in India and not in Saudi Arabia. The findings of this study suggest that entrepreneurship has higher social approval in India when compared to Saudi Arabia. Social norms impact entrepreneurial intentions differently for India and Saudi Arabia. The study attributes the results to the differences in per capita income and socio-cultural norms in both countries. This study is one of the few that have explored cross-country entrepreneurial attributes as it addresses the research gap in terms of comparing entrepreneurial intentions of India and Saudi Arabia.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the learning tendency of rural residents participating in lifelong education. The analysis data were analyzed using a polynomial model for 3,685 people using raw materials from a lifetime education survey. According to the analysis, participants in rural residents prefer small study groups. They were also approached on a practical level, such as life-help or self-realization. And the participating education programs were highly involved in vocational non-formal education. Based on the workings of personal backgrounds, participation of people with lower income and lower educational backgrounds is more active than in urban areas. In addition, the effect of improving the quality of life through lifelong education was shown in the order of big cities, small cities, rural areas. These results suggest that ways to improve the quality of life through lifelong education are not suitable as a means to maintain rural population.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the change gap in the perception of subjective hierarchy and medical expenditure and the factors influencing medical expenditure. Methods: An analysis based on the the data extracted from the Panel Study of Korea Health Panel for 2012-2013 (n=9,359) is conducted. Further in this study, data analysis included a chi-square test and logistic regression using SPSS version. 22.0 to analyze the factors influencing the turnover intention of industrial workers. Results: Model I showed decreases in medical expenditure by 1.247, 1.391, and 1.441 times in social classes one, two, and Model II showed an increase in medical expenditure by age, spouse, number of family members living together, insurance type, income class, economic activities, subjective health status, chronic illness and change on subjective recognition of social class. Conclusions: The study concludes that the state and community require psychological, social, and cultural support, in addition to individual efforts, to reduce medical expenditure.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

The National Health Plan 2030 (HP2030) started to be prepared in 2017 and was completed and announced in December 2020. This study presents an overview of how it was established, the major changes in policies, its purpose, and future directions. This study analyzed the steps taken in the past 4 years to establish HP2030 and reviewed major issues at the international and governmental levels based on an evaluation of HP2020 and its content. HP2030 establishes 6 divisions and 28 topic areas, and it will continue to expand investments in health with a total budget of 2.5 trillion Korean won. It also established goals to enhance health equity for the first time, with the goal of calculating healthy life expectancy in a way that reflects the circumstances of Korea and reducing the gap in income and healthy life expectancy between regions. The establishment of HP2030 is significant in that it constitutes a sustainable long-term plan with sufficient preparation, contains policy measures that everyone participates in and makes together, and works towards improvements in universal health standards and health equity. With the announcement of HP2030, which includes goals and directions of the national health policy for the next 10 years, it will be necessary to further strengthen collaboration with relevant ministries, local governments, and agencies in various fields to concretize support for prevention-centered health management as a national task and to develop a health-friendly environment that considers health in all policy areas.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.71-90
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• 2021

본 연구는 코로나-19가 임금근로자의 노동시간과 임금에 미친 영향을 고용형태별로 비교분석하였다. 경제활동인구조사-근로형태별 부가조사(2017~2020)를 사용하여 분석한 결과, 코로나-19로 인해 비정규직은 정규직보다 노동시간이 더 감소해 임금소득 창출 기회가 축소됐다. 같은 기간 정규직과 비정규직 신규인력 간 노동시간과 임금 격차는 커졌는데, 이는 단시간·단기간 고용된 인력에서 더 크게 나타났다. 초기수준을 기반으로 노동조건이 변화하므로 이러한 결과는 신규 및 고용안정성이 낮은 인력의 노동조건 개선 노력이 노동시장 불평등 해소에 기여할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2022

The digital economy is becoming an increasingly important source of regional competitiveness enhancement. The purpose of this research is to examine the spatial distribution characteristics of China's digital economy from 2016 to 2019. Moran's I analysis was performed to see if China's digital economy has spatial self-correlation. The Getis-Ord General G test was used to determine the clustering type of China's digital economy. In addition, we used OLS and GWR methodologies to figure out what drives China's digital economy level. The findings show that the digital economy is rapidly expanding throughout China; yet, there is a significant regional imbalance in the digital economy level in China, and the agglomeration of the digital economy is increasing over time. Furthermore, the findings reveal that human capital, information staff, telegram income, and Internet access are vital factors in the development of the digital economy. To close the digital economy gap, policymakers must invest in human capital and technology innovation. Simultaneously, the government must speed up the development and implementation of electronic information services.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Purpose: Public sector is usually not an attractive career choice for the youths, due to the uncompetitive income and the working environment. Therefore, understanding the motivations of the Generation Z, the currently early-career employees, to work in the public sector is important. This research aims to address a gap in the literature on the linkage between Personality Traits of Generation Z and Public Service Motivation (PSM). Research Design, Data, and Methodology: Using the sample of Vietnamese generation Z, it shows how individual personality, as defined by the Big Five, affects PSM. A quantitative survey of 355 university students, who are members of this generation and are preparing to join the labor market, was undertaken. We used SEM to examine the results. Results: Our findings show that Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Conscientiousness are significant antecedents of PSM. Agreeableness, which leads to three PSM dimensions, namely Compassion, Self-Sacrifice, and Commitment to Public Values, is the best predictor of this motivation. Meanwhile, Neuroticism and Conscientiousness only affect the dimension of Compassion. Conclusion: This study adds to the limited current knowledge on the personality-PSM relationship among generation Z. The distribution of affective (Compassion, Self-Sacrifice) and norm-based (Commitment to Public Values) motives provide insight for both career counselors and recruiters in public service delivery.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.417-424
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to find a way to solve oral health inequality in old age by understanding the effect of the socioeconomic level of the elderly on oral health. Methods: We used data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A chi-square test was performed to investigate differences in oral health according to socioeconomic status and demographic and oral health-related factors. Socioeconomic status and oral health inequality were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: The average number of teeth in the elderly was 17.20, which is insufficient for the minimum number of teeth required for mastication. In the analysis of the correlation between socioeconomic status and oral health inequality, education level, income level, and home ownership were factors influencing the oral health of the elderly; education level was found to have the strongest effect. Conclusions: Oral health inequality according to socioeconomic status was confirmed, and it is necessary to measure the level of oral health inequality with active efforts at the government level to resolve the gap in oral health by social class.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.162-173
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• 2009

Purpose: This study investigated the health and socioeconomic status of single-parent and partnered families, and examined the intersection between sex and single-parent status focusing on inequalities of health and socioeconomic status. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using the data from the nationally representative 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 14,827 respondents had custody of their own children and other family members (13,943 were coupled families and 891 were single-parent). Results: Our result indicate that single-parent had poorer health status and were more likely to have lower educational attainment, lower household income, no home ownership and be unemployed. However, the association between single-parent status and socioeconomic and health inequality were in divergent ways according to sex. The most socioeconomically disadvantaged were single-parent women. Inequalities in health differ markedly by sex but vary little according to single-parent status. Conclusions: An uneven distribution of socioeconomic resources might help us to understand why single-parent, both women and men, have worse health than parents who live together. Previously recognized sex gap with regard to health status also might help us to understand the difference in health between single-parent men and single-parent women found here.