• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2005

A numerical calculation is performed to study the effects of buoyancy force on the heat transfer characteristics of laminar forced convection flow in inclined parallel plates with the upper part cooled and the lower Part heated uniformly. Numerical results are presented for the Reynolds number ranges from $4.0\times10^{-3}$ to $1.13\times10^{-1}$. the angle of inclination, $\theta$. from 0 to 90 degree and Pr of the high viscosity fluid is 909. It is found that the flow pattern of mixed convection in inclined parallel Plates can be classified into four patterns which affected by Reynolds number and the angle of inclination.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2344-2352
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• 2000

Mechanical joints such as bolted or riveted joints are widely used in mechanical components. The reliable determination of the stress intensity factors for cracks in bolted joints is needed to evaluate the safety and fatigue life of them. The weight function method is an efficient technique to calculate the stress intensity factors for various loading conditions because only the stress analysis of an uncracked model is required. In this paper the mixed-mode stress intensity factors for cracks in bolted joints are obtained by weight function method, in which the coefficients of weight function are determined by finite element analyses for reference loadings. Critical inclined angle that mode I stress intensity factor becomes maximum is determined and the effects of crack length and the magnitude of clearance on critical inclined angle are investigated.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2010

The film boiling heat transfer was experimentally investigated for the water sprays impacting on an inclined hot surface. Full cone spray nozzles were employed for the spray cooling experiment, and experiments were made for different inclination angles of $\theta=0^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$. The experimental results show that, in the downstream region of the inclined hot surface, increasing the inclination angle increases the local heat flux slowly because of increasing the number of rebound droplets. However, the inclination angle of heat transfer surface had no remarkable effect on the local heat flux of spray cooling under the present test conditions.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.788-790
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• 2003

Closed-cell type barrier ribs of PDP were formed by capillary molding process using molds prepared by inclined UV lithography process. Various types of molds with different inclined angles were prepared by patterning SU-8 thick photoresist film and casting with PDMS. The ribs with various type cells were successfully formed by the process. The effects of inclined angle on the distortion of barrier ribs during sintering were investigated. The results indicated that the barrier ribs with a draft angle and dimensional change does not affect the distortion of the barrier ribs during sintering, suggesting that the closed-cell must be isotropic in sintering shrinkage.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006년도 전기학술대회논문집
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• pp.281-282
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• 2006

In wide angle diffuser, the increasement of cross-sectional area so rapidly cause possibly separate from the diffuser wall and forming areas of backflow. The flow characteristics of wide angle diffuser with guide damper was investigated for three kind of inclined angle($\alpha=7_{\circ},\;10.5_{\circ}\;and\;14_{\circ}$)of guide damper. Judging from the results, guide damper can be used as an effective means of improvement for diffuser performance and inclined angle of $\alpha=10.5^{\circ}$ was through to be the best among three cases.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2012년도 전기공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.261-262
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• 2012

In planar angle diffuser, the increasement of cross-sectional area so rapidly cause possibly separate from the diffuser wall and forming areas of backflow. The flow characteristics of planar angle diffuser was investigated for three kind of inclined angle. Judging from the results, wide planar diffuser can be used as an effective means of improvement for diffuser performance and inclined angle of diffuser was through to be the best among three cases.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1452-1457
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• 2004

In this paper, a method of measuring the length of defects on the wall and restructuring the defect image is proposed based on the estimation algorithm of a camera orientation which uses the declination angle of a laser slit beam. The estimation algorithm of the horizontally inclined angle of CCD camera adopts a 3-dimensional coordinate transformation of the image plane where both the laser beam and the original image of the defects exist. The estimation equation is obtained by using the information of the beam projected on the wall and the parameters of this equation are experimentally obtained. With this algorithm, the original image of the defect can be reconstructed to an image normal to the wall. From the result of a series of experiments, the measuring accuracy of the defect is measured within 0.5% error bound of real defect size under 30 degree of the horizontally inclined angle. The proposed algorithm provides the method of reconstructing the image taken at any arbitrary horizontally inclined angle to the image normal to the wall and thus, it enables the accurate measurement of the defect lengths only by using a single camera and a laser slit beam.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2006

Two-dimensional numerical simulation has been performed to investigate mixed convection heat transfer between inclined parallel plates with bottom-heated and top-cooled uniformly. The ratio of parallel plate length to height is 9.33, Prandtl number is 909(that of silicone oil at 298K) and Rayleigh number is 8600. In the ranges of the Reynolds number Re from 0 to 1.8 and the angle of inclination ${\theta}$ from 0 to 90 degree. The governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method. In this study, the effects of the Reynolds number, the angle of inclination, and the local and mean Nusselt numbers are presented and discussed. It is found that the periodic flow of mixed convection between inclined parallel plates is shown at $0^{\circ}{\leq}\;{\theta}<30^{\circ},\;Re<0.063$, and the flow pattern can be classified into three patterns which depend on Reynolds number and the angle of inclination. The minimum average Nusselt numbers occur at Re=0.05 regardless of the angle of inclination.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2002

A method of measuring the length of defects on the wall and restructuring the defect image is proposed based on the estimation algorithm of a camera orientation, which uses the declination angle of a laser slit beam. The estimation algorithm of the horizontally inclined angle of CCD camera adopts a 3-dimensional coordinate transformation of the image plane where both the laser beam and the original image of the defects exist. The estimation equation is obtained by using the information of the beam projected on the wall and the parameters of this equation are experimentally obtained. With this algorithm, the original image of the defect can be reconstructed as an image normal to the wall. From the result of a series of experiments, the measuring accuracy of the defect is measured within 0.5% error bound of real defect size under 30 degree of the horizontally inclined angle. The proposed algorithm provides the method of reconstructing the image taken at any arbitrary horizontally inclined angle as the image normal as the wall and thus, it enables the accurate measurement of the defect lengths by using a single camera and a laser slit beam.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in walking pattern of the elderly during inclined walkway with uneven surfaces and level walking. 10 young($26.3{\pm}1.3$ years, $174.3{\pm}5.3\;cm$, $69.5{\pm}9.5\;kg$) and 13 elderly($72.4{\pm}5.2$ years, $164.5{\pm}5.4\;cm$, $66.1{\pm}9.6\;kg$) male subjects were participated in the experiment. Experiment consisted of 2 walking conditions: horizontal and inclined walkway with uneven surfaces. 3D motion capturing system were used to acquire and analyze walking motion data with sampling frequency of 120 Hz. To compare differences between conditions, kinematic variables(walking speed, stance-swing ratio, hip joint angle, knee joint angle, ankle joint angle, pelvic rotation angle) were used. Results showed that there were some changes of elderly walking pattern in inclined walkway with uneven surfaces: hip joint(adduction and rotation) and pelvic movement pattern. These changes by inclination and surface may affect gait pattern of young subjects as well as elderly subjects. However, in case of elderly it revealed more unstable gait than the young. Further study is necessary to clarify changes in walking pattern for elderly by considering various gait variables including head movement and various walkway conditions.