• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1823-1832
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• 2004

In this paper, we proposed a TDC based F/T sensorless active compliance control algorithm for a rehabilitation robot (KARES II). The preference of compliance of the disabled is presented by clinical testing at Korea National Rehabilitation Center with the disabled. The KARES II was designed to work 12 predefined tasks which are very essential for helping the disabled. Among the tasks, some contact tasks between the robot and the disabled exist. Therefore, TDC based F/T sensorless compliance control algorithm is developed for these tasks without additional cost. We verified the proposed algorithm with experiment. Also for the practical use, suitable compliance for contact tasks is chosen by clinical testing at Korea National Rehabilitation Center.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2014

Analyzing test data of a vehicle for evaluating its emission performance is an essential process in automotive development field, yet it is intricate and tedious task. In addition, clear understanding and care are required when the analysis process is carried out. Computer software solutions significantly reduce the time and the effort for such analysis. Developing a computer routine to analyze the emission data in a vehicle test demands a complete understanding of the emissions analysis and its related details. In this paper, the principals to develop a LabVIEW analysis routine (VI) are introduced helping automotive engineers comprehend the emission analysis process of a vehicle test data and instruct them to develop similar routines for such analysis.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' actual and perceived glove uses for preventing healthcare associated infection. Methods: We observed nurses' donning glove by occasions and adherence to guideline for glove uses in four ICU in a single hospital. Total of 378 cases were observed from August 16 through October 6, 2020. Sixty one nurses of 66 nurses observed responded to a self-reported questionnaire about perceived glove use and knowledge of glove use. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: The number of observed episodes for glove use was 277. Although the highest numbers of occasions of wearing gloves was contact precaution, the compliance rate was 72.1%. The rates of donning gloves were low in the insertion and removal of peripheral venous catheters, blood glucose testing and blood sampling, which were at risk for exposure to blood. We observed misuse of wearing gloves even when they were not required. Results showed that the majority of non-compliance with glove use were a failure of performing hand hygiene before and after glove use and a failure of changing gloves between procedures on the same patient. The participant's knowledge of glove use was high. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is necessary to provide ICU nurses with education and reinforcement of proper glove uses for infection control.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2007

The GLP contains specific language concerning characterization of the test, control and reference substances used in toxicity studies. This paper will describe and discuss what types of documents are required to support test/reference substance characterization under GLP system. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of data needed in the characterization package that will adequately define the substance. Most sponsors use a certificate of analysis (COA) to communicate the test sub-stance characterization status information to the contracting research organizations. The COA should provide the test $material^{\circ}{\phi}s$ characterization results, substance storage requirements, expiration dates, verification of the collection of the retention sample, archival location of the data to support the characterization and GLP compliance status of the characterization.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2017

AAALAC International is a private, nonprofit organization that promotes humane treatment of animals in science through a voluntary international accreditation program. AAALAC International accreditation is recognized around the world as a symbol of high quality animal care and use for research, teaching and testing, as well as promoting animal welfare. Animals owned by the institution that are used for research, teaching and testing are included as part of an accredited program. More than 990 animal care and use institutions in 42 countries around the world (more than 170 programs in 13 countries in the Pacific Rim region) have earned AAALAC International accreditation. The AAALAC International Council on Accreditation evaluates overall performance and all aspects of an animal care and use program, involving an in-depth, multilayered, confidential peer-review process. The evaluators (site visitors) consider compliance with applicable local animal legislation of the host country, institutional policies, and employ a customized approach for evaluating overall program performance using a series of primary standards that include the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching, or the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Purposes, Council of Europe (ETS 123), and supplemental Reference Resources, as applicable.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.65-72
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of ex ante governance mechanisms that can be exercised by franchisers on franchise contract compliance and various relationship outcomes. There are many previous studies on control mechanisms in inter-firm relationship, however, most studies focus on ex post governance mechanisms and identify the effects of behavior control and outcome control on performances. Based on transaction cost theory and agency theory, this study defines the ex ante governance mechanisms of franchisers as contractual completeness and extra contractual incentives. The author have examined the two ex ante control mechanisms on contract compliance, recontract intention, multi-shop running intention and opportunistic behaviors of franchisee. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, 137 questionnaires of food and beverage franchise stores were collected through a specialized research company. The reliability and validity of the variables were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs and hypotheses were verified through the structural equation modeling. Results - As a result of hypothesis testing, contractual completeness and extra contractual incentives have a positive effect on the contract compliance of the franchisee. It is shown that franchisee's contract compliance has a positive effect on recontract intention and multi-shop running intention and has a negative effect on opportunistic behaviors. Conclusions - This study examines the ex ante governance mechanisms such as contractual completeness and extra contractual incentives, which is relatively rare compared to ex post governance mechanism in B2B relationship. According to the results of this research, these two tools can be used as ex ante control mechanisms for franchise headquarters to use their franchisees. In addition, franchisee's contract compliance affects various relationship outcomes between franchisor and franchisees.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.191-200
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• 2003

This paper presents the rheological properties of bitumen for reducing negative skin friction. The bitumen has been widely used due to both the cost and construction effectiveness. Also, it is well known that the use of bitumen for reducing negative skin friction renders the best results among other available methods. Three different modified bitumens were used for the testing programs. The physical tests include the penetration, the softening point and penetration index. The rheological tests include phase angle, complex modulus, creep tests and flow tests. The tests were conducted at four different temperatures(15, 30, 45 and 6$0^{\circ}C$) in order to simulate the field condition. The test results were analyzed using the phase angle, G$^*$/sin $\delta$, creep compliance and shear viscosity. The result of tests showed that the phase angle increased and G$^*$/sin $\delta$ decreased with the increase of temperature. The creep compliance increased as the loading time increased. The difference of the creep compliance is detected as the time and temperature are varied, however, the difference of the shear viscosity is not significant among the samples tested in this study. The rheological properties of the bitumen also showed that the physical testing method and the temperature dependant testing method are somewhat limited to showing and expressing the full rheological properties of the modified bitumen. The introduction of the time and the temperature dependent testing method is necessary to find out the full rheological properties of the modified bitumen.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 1987

In recent days, the application of ultrasonics has been increased in the field of engineering and medicine. The ultrasonic hardness tester to apply the principle of contact compliance method is entirely different from hardness tester in the past and in the practical use, the more pre- cisive measurement is required because it has a slight change of hardness value due to the difference of resonance frequency. Therefore, in this study, as one type of applicative transducers which can detect the optimum pressure load, ring type load cell was used in the measurement of ultrasonic hardness. From experimental results, it was compared ultrasonic hardness testing method with the other hardness testing methods. Also, the measurement error of ultrasonic hardness tester could be measured within .+-. 0.5 HRC F.S. in the case of 3.0Kg pressure load.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2020

The dynamic coupling between shaker and test-article has been investigated by recent research through the so called Virtual Shaker Testing (VST) approach. Basically a VST model includes the mathematical models of the test-item, of the shaker body, of the seismic mass and the facility vibration control algorithm. The subsequent coupled dynamic simulation even if more complex than the classical hard-mounted sine test-prediction, is a closer representation of the reality and is expected to be more accurate. One of the most remarkable benefits of VST is the accurate quantification of the frequency down-shift (with respect to the hard-mounted value), typically affecting the first lateral resonance of heavy test-items, like medium or large size Spacecraft (S/Cs), once mounted on the shaker. In this work, starting from previous successful VST experiences, the parameters having impact on the frequency shift are identified and discussed one by one. A simplified analytical system is thus defined to propose an efficient and effective way of calculating the lower bound frequency shift through a simple equation. Such equation can be useful to correct the S/C lateral natural frequency measured during the test, in order to remove the contribution attributable to the shaker in use. The so-corrected frequency value becomes relevant when verifying the compliance of the S/C w.r.t. the frequency requirement from the Launcher Authority. Moreover, it allows to perform a consistent post-test correlation of the first lateral natural frequency of S/C FE model.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.313-323
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• 1998

This study was a descriptive research on the level of self-care available to continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients (hereinafter referred to as 'CAPD patient') related to the specific area of infection management. The method employed for the collection of data was a modified instrument of the self-care survey essentially based on Young Sook Choi's instrument. The relevant data was collected from september 1, 1996 to september 30, 1996. The subjects were provided with an open-ended question regarding the reasons behind why they did not seek self-care. The answers provided about self-care compliance were analyzed by SPSS for frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA. Reasons for non-compliance were analyzed by content analysis. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The percentage of patients engaging in self-care were according to the following self performed tasks : preparation of dialysis : 30.58 points Dialysate exchange procedures : 49.40 points - Two bag type : 50.50 points - Spike type : 48.80 points - Neo type : 48.90 points Catheter exit site care : 25.13 points More specifically, in relation to the preparation of dialysis as referred to above, those patients engaging in self care was relatively high with respect to the cleaning of the dialysis before use and for the preservation of peritosol. However, in dialysate exchange procedures, data revealed that those patients engaging in self-care are relatively low with respect to putting on a mask during the performance of peritosol exchange. Similary in peritosol exchange procedure and catheter exit care, low levels of self-care performance were found in the area of putting on a mask during the peritosol exchange procedures and catheter line testing procedures, respectively. 2. In general characteristics, there appeared to be no distinction in self-care compliance among CAPD patients. 3. The main reasons for non-compliance were based in the following factor : intellectual, attitude, enviromental surrounding and physical. As a result of the foregoing finding, nurses should provide adequate assistance to promote self-care compliance by CAPD patients by checking the preparation of dialysis, dialysate exchange procedure, and catheter exit site care which recieved low point in this research.