• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.922-931
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• 2021

Recent developments in information and communication technologies (ICT) can be applied in stores, and the number of fashion stores that have introduced and utilized ICT are increasing. By applying a literature review and empirical research, the types of ICT service factors of fashion stores were identified and categorized. The effect of their importance on consumer behavioral intentions was analyzed. Next, using factor analysis on the ICT service factors, five factors were identified and named as follows: smart space services, smart payment services, virtual image services, product information services, and smart access services. The importance of these factors was then analyzed. The importance of each factor and detailed questions was rated above average. After examining the effect of ICT service on behavior intention, issues such as purchase intention, revisit intention, and word of mouth intention were found to have significant influence. This study is meaningful in that it derives the importance factors of ICT services that can be used in fashion stores in a situation where retail techniques become important and expand, and provides marketing strategies related to consumer behavior according to detailed factors. With retail tech becoming more important and expanding, it is necessary to provide various services that consumers value by utilizing ICT in fashion stores. Considering the results of this study, ICT technology and services of various fashion stores can be effectively utilized and retail tech utilization performance can be improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.14 no.1 s.33
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• pp.3-12
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• 1990

The purposes of this study were to determine the consumer dissatisfaction factors in the process of purchase and use of clothing, and to investigate the relationships between the dissatisfaction factors and selected variables-clothing importance, evaluative attributes, price, shopping stores. The research questionnaires selected from the pilot study were administered to 547 female subjects in the age of twenties. The dissatisfaction factors identified as a result of the factor analysis were as follows: (1) 'price' factor ($21.6\%$ of the total explained variance), (2) 'product assortment' factor ($21.5\%$), (3) 'purchase decision-making' factor ($19.9\%$), (4) 'quality' factor ($18.6\%$), (5) 'informa­tion and service' factor ($18.4\%$). By these five factors, the $34.7\%$ of the total variance were explained. The factors were validated by the multiple regression analysis. The purchase decision­making factor has the greatest explanatory power suggests that psychological aspects are more important to clothing dissatisfaction than any other objective aspects. The relationships between the dissatisfaction factors and the selected variables were found to be as follows: 1) The higher clothing importance scores, the higher product assortment related dissatisfac­tion score. 2) The higher the purchase price, the lower the price related dissatisfaction, but the higher the product assortment related dissatisfaction scores. 3) The department store and the national brand chain store shoppers had higher product assortment related dissatisfaction compared to the small retail store and discount store shoppers.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.79-102
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• 2012

The last year, the government restricted a new store open and businness hours of a large-scale stores, discount store and super super market(ssm). So, this research was examined the effect that the retailer was affected and its correspondence strategy First this research examined how the government restricted a large-scale stores in 2009 earlier and then this research analyzed how the Japan and France restricted it. Second this research examined that a new establishment and business hours change of a large-scale stores. Bacause of a small trader resistance in 2009 latter. Finally it analyzed the effect that a retail industry was affected in the future. bacause law was enforced. On the basis these things, a victim remedy was presented by retailers view. Bacause of international law and an excess regulation. Also, this research suggest that large retailer should expand a overse market and increase retailers private brand component ratio and develop overse brand. Finally this research also suggest that trader and retailer should continue to coperate and turn business direction into franchise system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.411-423
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• 2010

Retail stores with a primary competitive advantage in satisfying customers with high quality differentiated services depend heavily on a sales force to produce and deliver services in a consistent manner. Salespersons in a high service retail context are required to act to express certain types of emotion in compliance with the emotional rules of the organization that is conceptualized as "emotional labor" in the literature. This study adopts the dyadic model of emotional labor originally proposed by Hochschild. A survey method is implemented to collect data to test the hypotheses among the variables such as positive and negative affectivity, performance stressor, emotional labor, burnout, and job satisfaction. One hundred and twelve responses were analyzed by factor analysis and path analysis with SPSS12.0 and Amos 6.0. The factor analysis confirms that emotional labor is composed of deep acting and surface acting. Eleven hypotheses were tested by path analysis and seven were accepted. The major findings are that deep acting was affected by positive affectivity, negative affectivity, and a performance stressor. The surface acting was affected only by negative affectivity. Surface acting had an indirect negative effect on job satisfaction via emotional burnout while deep directly acting influenced job satisfaction. Furthermore, the interaction effect between positive affectivity and a performance stressor on surface acting was significant. The implications for retail firms are discussed based on the findings with suggestions for future studies.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2018

Purpose - This research addresses the question of how an international retailer like Costco can succeed in a foreign mature market and satisfy the local consumers. Our study aims to promote our understanding of how foreign retailers influence local consumers in a mature market with differentiated business models. Research design, data, and methodology - Our study uses company publications, secondary sources of information and the results of a questionnaire survey consisting of 106 participants. Consumer responses were solicited through a questionnaire survey conducted in the city of Kobe in December of 2013. Results - Product differentiation from local retailers in a mature market like Japan gave Costco a competitive edge. Compared with local supermarkets, Costco was preferred by Japanese consumers for its variety of goods that it carries, as well as in-store promotion large package of selling units, in-store amenities, and customer services. Conclusions - First, a theoretical framework is proposed in this study that can aid in developing localization strategies in a mature market such as Japan. Second, it reveals that an international retailer can succeed in a foreign market by stimulating local consumers to change their purchasing behavior, without having to alter the prevailing format of operation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.121-130
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study we investigate the determinants of private label (PL) purchase intention in South Korea. Private labels are becoming more and more popular in America and European countries. However, there are not enough studies focusing on PL within the South Korean market. Therefore, the present study has been written in order to understand more about consumers' purchase intention of store brand in the South Korean market. Many characteristics and aspects of consumers and brand's behavior have been reviewed in order to bring relevant results. Research design, data and methodology: Data was collected using a quantitative survey of Korea retail store's consumer. We analyzed using multiple regression method to test the hypothesis. We analyzed how and why do consumers have a strong intention to purchase the PL. Results: a) Trust towards retailer influences the PL purchase intention of customers; b) brand awareness has an impact on the PL purchase intention of customers; c) perceived quality has an impact on the PL purchase intention; d) Price-quality relationship influences on the PL purchase intention. However, there is no direct effect of some of the factors of determinant. Conclusion: For private label products in the Korean market, trust in sellers and brand awareness influences the purchase of PL products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1107-1118
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• 2007

Relationship marketing research has traditionally focused on the relationship among customer satisfaction, trust, and customer commitment, while assuming that the causal relationship of customer $satisfaction{\rightarrow}trust{\rightarrow}commitment$ is well understand. However, recently many scholars argue that customer satisfaction, trust, commitment can not explain long-term orientation fully, and suggest the need for more extensive researches investigating the determinants of long-term relational retention. The purpose of this study was to explained the relationship development process through the mediation effect of contact intensity and relationship termination cost between customer satisfaction and trust, and between trust and commitment, and an analysis the causal relationship among these variables. The results were as follows. First, the customer satisfaction had both direct and indirect effects on trust mediated by contact intensity. Second, the trust had both direct and indirect effects on commitment mediated by relationship termination cost. Third, the commitment influenced long-term orientation. Finally, the empirical results confirmed that the model add to the concept of mediation with contact intensity and relationship termination cost plays a strong, central role in explaining relationship development process between customer and fashion retail stores.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.120-134
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influence the outbuying behavior of the consumers reside in middle sized cities adjacent to Kwangju. a metropolitan city of Korea. Data were collected by using questionnaire from 570 female consumers in Suncheon and Yeosu city from 8 September to 16. 1999. Data from 513 respondents were analyzed. Factor analysis. t-text. $x^2$test and cross analysis were used. Respondents were divided by two groups, outbuying group/resident purchasing group, based on the frequency of purchasing and intention of purchasing in local stores. and the differences between two groups were analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. There were significant differences in the residence. levels of education and Income. age. job. automobile possession, numbers of children, clothing expenditure Per month between outbuying group and resident purchasing group(p<.001, respectively) . 2. Outbuying group had significant higher tendency toward pursuing fashionability and pleasure, and symbolism in clothing than resident purchasing group(p<.001. respectively) 3. Outbuying group considered store services. assortments. shopping convenience significantly more important than resident purchasing group(p<.001. respectively) 4. Outbuying group obtained information from media sources and non-media sources significantly more often than resident purchasing group(p<.001, respectively) .

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2012

Despite the enforcement of SSM control laws such as 'the Law of Developing the Distribution Industry (LDDI)' and 'the Law of Promoting Mutual Cooperation between Large and Small/medium Enterprises (LPMC)' stipulating the business adjustment system, the number of super-supermarkets (SSMs) has ever been expanding in Korea. In France, however, Super Centers are being regulated most strongly and directly in the whole Europe viewing that there is not a single SSM in Paris, which is emphasized to be the outcome from French government's regulation exerted on the opening of large scale retail stores. In France, the authority to approve store opening is deeply centralized and the store opening regulation is a socio-economic regulation driven by economic laws whereas EU strongly regulates the distribution industry. To control the French distribution industry, such seven laws and regulations as Commission départementale d'urbanisme commercial guidelines (CDLIC) (1969), the Royer Law (1973), the Doubin Law (1990), the Sapin Law (1993), the Raffarin Law (1996), solidarite et renouvellement urbains (SRU) (2000), and Loi de modernisation de l'économie (LME) (2009) have been promulgated one by one since the amendment of the Fontanet guidelines, through which commercial adjustment laws and regulations have been complemented and reinforced while regulatory measures have been taken. Even in the course of forming such strong regulatory laws, InterMarche, the largest supermarket chain in France, has been in existence as a global enterprise specialized in retail distribution with over 4,000 stores in Europe. InterMarche's business can be divided largely into two segments of food and non-food. As a supermarket chain, InterMarche's food segment has 2,300 stores in Europe and as a hard-discounter store chain in France, Netto has 420 stores. Restaumarch is a chain of traditional family restaurants and the steak house restaurant chain of Poivre Rouge has 4 restaurants currently. In addition, there are others like Ecomarche which is a supermarket chain for small and medium cities. In the non-food segment, the DIY and gardening chain of Bricomarche has a total of 620 stores in Europe. And the car-related chain of Roady has a total of 158 stores in Europe. There is the clothing chain of Veti as well. In view of InterMarche's management strategies, since its distribution strategy is to sell goods at cheap prices, buying goods cheap only is not enough. In other words, in order to sell goods cheap, it is all important to buy goods cheap, manage them cheap, systemize them cheap, and transport them cheap. In quality assurance, InterMarche has guaranteed the purchase safety for consumers by providing its own private brand products. InterMarche has 90 private brands of its own, thus being the retailer with the largest number of distributor brands in France. In view of its IT service strategy, InterMarche is utilizing a high performance IT system so as to obtainas much of the market information as possible and also to find out the best locations for opening stores. In its global expansion strategy of international alliance, InterMarche has established the ALDIS group together with the distribution enterprises of both Spain and Germany in order to expand its food purchase, whereas in the non-food segment, it has established the ARENA group in alliance with 11 international distribution enterprises. Such strategies of InterMarche have been intended to find out the consumer needs for both price and quality of goods and to secure the purchase and supply networks which are closely localized. It is necessary to cope promptly with the constantly changing circumstances through being unified with relevant regions and by providing diversified customer services as well. In view of the InterMarche's positive policy for promoting local partnerships as well as the assistance for enhancing the local economic structure, implications are existing for those retail distributors of our country.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to examine consumer's perception about salesperson services of fashion stores, and how salesperson services influence on consumer's satisfaction, repeat purchase intention by price perception. The data was obtained from a survey of 420 fashion product consumers in their 20's living in Gwangju city in 2006. It was analyzed by factor analyses, reliability, frequency, T-test, regression. The results of the survey were: 1) Salesperson service dimensions perceived by fashion product consumers were 4 dimensions: Customer service orientation,. Relationship orientation, Reliability & sales ability, Salesperson's appearance. 2) Salesperson services influenced on satisfaction of high price perception group and low price perception group. 3) Satisfaction and salesperson service importance influenced on repeat purchase intention of high price perception group and low price perception group. 4) The difference of salesperson services perceptions by store types were examined. The findings of this study are expected to help fashion stores make successful relationship strategy according to price strategy and keep the relationship with their customers for a long time in fashion retail setting.