• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2017

Purpose : There is no validated method for measuring the toe flexor strength that can isolate the intrinsic muscles of the foot from the extrinsic muscles. This study compared the hallux flexion force (HFF) and muscle activity in the foot and ankle according to ankle position [plantarflexion (PF), neutral, and dorsiflexion (DF)]. Method : The study enrolled 17 subjects. In the sitting position, the HFF and activities of the abductor hallucis (AbdH), tibialis anterior (TA), and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles were measured using a digital dynamometer and a wireless electromyography system, respectively. Subjects were instructed to flex the great toe maximally in three different ankle positions. Three 5-second trials were performed to measure the HFF and muscle activities in each condition. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the variables and paired t-tests with the Bonferroni correction were used for post-hoc pair-wise comparisons. The significance level was set at .016. Result : The HFF in DF was significantly greater than in any other ankle position (p<.01). The TA activity was greatest in ankle DF and that of the GCM was greatest in PF (both p<.01). However, there was no significant difference in AbdH activity according to ankle position. Conclusion : These results suggest that selective strength measurement of the foot intrinsic muscles in HFF should be performed with the ankle in the neutral position.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.103-111
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• 2010

Objectives: Because of the characteristics of traditional Korean medicine, there are few overseas patents and SCI papers. Researchers are struggling to analyze the research trend using existing patent analysis system and paper analysis system. We aim to build up a web-based paper map analysis system for Traditional Korean Medicine to improve the situation. Methods: We studied the following three sub topics. First, we surveyed the research trend analysis method for traditional Korean medicine. Second, we designed a paper map analysis model and made the algorithm for it. Finally, the development of the paper map analysis system was conducted. Results: We developed a web-based paper map analysis system which has the three main functions being analysis chart, topology map and contour map. For the rich internet application, we used the flex development tool and java integrated development environment. Conclusion: We will provide our paper map analysis system in the OASIS through the minor changes to provide easy use. We hope that this system will be a useful tool to analyze the research trends for traditional Korean medicine.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of work environment and low back pain on the structural and muscle strength changes in lumbar spine to helpful for preventation and cure of low back pain. Methods : Through measuring of lumbosacral angle, lumbar lordotic angle, lumbar gravity line ratio analyzed structure of lumbar spine and using Trunk Extension Flexion Program of CYBEX NORM System(cybex770+TMC, USA) analyzed Flex. PT, Ext. PT, E/F ratio of lumbar spine of company employees given a medical examination. Results : According to work environment, lumbar gravity line ratio is higher in white collar group than in blue collar group, Ext. PT is significantly lower in white collar group than in blue collar group. According to low back pain or not, lumbar gravity line ratio, Ext. PT is lower in low back pain group than in non-low back pain group. Conclusions : Work environment and low back pain effects on the structural and muscle strength changes in lumbar spine.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.259-259
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• 2001

;A new root canal instrument and instrumentation technique: a preliminary report. Cleaning and shaping the root canal system has been and continues to be a challenge for even the most experienced endodontist. Curved. narrow canals. in particular. cause difficulties for the beginner as well as the specialist. A new instrument designed to incorporate new concepts was developed to ameliorate the problems in cleaning and shaping root canal systems. This new instrument has been given the name of SW (Senia and Wildey). The new SW instrument uses controlled right and left rotational forces. This motion was used to clean and shape simulated root canals in plastic blocks and root canals in extracted teeth. Instrumentation appeared to be easier. faster. and more precise than with conventional instruments. especially in curved canals where there was remarkable reduction of canal transportation. A mechanical version of the SW instrument was also developed. It was used to flare the coronal portion of the root canal system. Wildey WL. Senia ES., Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol1989 Feb:67(2):198-207 Another look at root canal instrumentation. Several aspects of root canal instrumentation need additional research. Various factors must be considered in an analysis of instrumentation of the root canal system: the dentin that is cut: the technique used to cut it: the design of the instruments: the material and manufacturing process used to make the instruments: the irrigant used during the procedure: and the anatomic configuration of the root canal system. An analysis of these factors clearly indicates that existing root canal instruments and techniques are less than ideal and. in fact. do not accomplish what is expected of them. Root canals must be properly. but. at the same time. destructive and unnecessary removal of dentin should be kept to a minimum. The Flex-R and Canal Master instruments were developed to address some of the shortcomings of existing instruments and techniques. More scientifically based research is needed to fully evaluate these new instruments and techniques and to develop future instruments. Wildey WL; Senia ES. Montgomery S., Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol1992 Oct:74(4):499-50799-507

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2008

Many recent studies suggest that the posterior dynamic stabilization(PDS) can be a more physiologically-relevant alternative to the rigid fixation for the patients suffering from low back pain. However, its biomechanical effects or clinically proven efficacies still remain unknown. In this study, we evaluated kinematic behaviors of the lower lumbar spine with the PDS system and then compared to those of the rigid fixation system using finite element (FE) analysis. A validated FE model of intact lumbar spine(L2-L5) was developed. The implanted model was then constructed after modification from the intact to simulate two kinds of pedicle screw systems (PDS and the rigid fixation). Hybrid protocol was used to flex, extend, laterally bend and axially rotate the FE model. Results showed that the PDS systems are more flexible than rigid fixation systems, yet not flexible enough to preserve motion. PDS system allowed $16.2{\sim}42.2%$ more intersegmental rotation than the rigid fixation at the implanted level. One the other hand, at the adjacent level it allowed more range of motion ($2.0%{\sim}8.3%$) than the rigid fixation. The center of rotation of the PDS model remained closer to that of the intact spine. These results suggest that the PDS system could be able to prevent excessive motion at the adjacent levels and restore the spinal kinematics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.376-381
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• 2009

The increasing needs for higher cargo capacity in the container vessels' fleet has led to ship builder's demand for higher power output rating engine to meet the propulsion requirement, thus, leading to the development of super large two stroke low speed diesel engines. This large sized bore engines with more than 12 cylinders are capable of delivering power output up to more than 100,000 bhp at maximum continuous rating. The thrust variation force due to axial vibration occurring in propulsion shafting of these ships are transmitted to ship structure via thrust bearing. This force may vibrate the super structure of ship in the fore-aft direction and the fatigue strength of crank shaft can be decreased by additional bending stress increase in crank shaft pin and journal. In this paper, the axial vibration of propulsion shafting system on the 14RT-flex96C super large diesel engine with 14 cylinders is identified by theoretical analysis and vibration measurement.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2009

The 'Open Source' of programing is a method that is not only sharing the source, but also making the S/W by the low cost and easy way. In this study, we made the urban facilities management system(FMS) based on the GeoFOSS of Open Source. This system has the GIS function of the urban facilities management, the u-GIS function using the USN for processing the spatial information. Also, as we use the GeoFOSS of 'Open Source', we can have received many benefits. First, this system has the economic impact, because it is not necessary to buy the commercial GIS software. Second, this system can make most functions of the GIS, the performance does not bad compared to other products. Also, this system strictly conforms to the international standards, it is easy to get a repair, maintenance and interoperability.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.249-261
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• 2013

Flexible stay cables on cable-stayed bridges are three-dimensional. They sag and flex in the complex wind environment, which is a different situation to ideal rigid cylinders in two-dimensional wind flow. Aerodynamic interference and the response characteristics of wake galloping of full-scale parallel cables are potentially different due to three-dimensional flows around cables. This study presents a comprehensive wind tunnel investigation of wake galloping of parallel stay cables using three-dimensional aeroelastic cable models. The wind tunnel study focuses on the large spacing instability range, addressing the effects of cable separation, wind yaw angle, and wind angle of attack on wake galloping response. To investigate the effectiveness of vibration suppression measures, wind tunnel studies on the transversely connected cable systems for two types of connections (flexibility and rigidity) at two positions (mid-span and quarter-span) were also conducted. This experimental study provides useful insights for better understanding the characteristics of wake galloping that will help in establishing a guideline for the wind-resistant design of the cable system on cable-stayed bridges.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.737-740
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• 2004

The interior noise reduction of construction equipment is concerned for improving the driver comfort in this study. From the baseline test, the exhaust noise gives a big contribution to the interior noise of construction equipment. And the detail noise contribution analysis of the exhaust system, the tail pipe, which is for ventilation an engine room hot air to outside, amplify the exhaust noise around operating engine RPM associated with tail pipe structural and cavity resonances. To remove the noise amplifying effects, the tail pipe has to be shorted its length. Even the noise can be attenuated the ventilation flux when using the redesigned tail pipe is reduced than the original one. Thus, a shape change of the tail pipe is additionally needed for increasing the ventilation flux and attenuating the exhaust noise using CFD technique. The CFD results of the tail pipe give a meaning full information what obstructs the ventilation flex in the current design and how changes the tail pipe.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.62-71
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• 2001

This paper presents a design of the real-time digital image enhancement preprocessor for CMOS image sensor. CMOS image sensor offers various advantages while it provides lower-quality images than CCD does. In order to compensate for the physical limitation of CMOS sensor, the spatially adaptive contrast enhancement algorithm was incorporated into the preprocessor with color interpolation, gamma correction, and automatic exposure control. The efficient hardware architecture for the preprocessor is proposed and was simulated in VHDL. It is composed of about 19K logic gates, which is suitable for low-cost one-chip PC camera. The test system was implemented on Altera Flex EPF10KGC503-3 FPGA chip in real-time mode, and performed successfully.