• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.45-45
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• 2018

경상북도 봉화군에 위치한 갈방산(712m)은 백두대간 옥석산(1,244m)에서 분기한 문수지맥의 산지 가운데 하나다. 본 연구는 갈방산 일대 관속식물의 분포상을 파악하고자 2017년 5월부터 2018년 9월까지 진행되었다. 연구 결과 92과 265속 373종 4아종 44변종 5품종으로 총 426분류군의 관속식물이 조사지에서 확인되었다. 이는 경상북도 관속식물 1,684분류군(Korea National Arboretum, 2016)의 25.3%, 한반도 관속식물 4,499분류군(Korea National Arboretum, 2018; Http://www.nature.go.kr/kpni/)의 9.5%에 해당되는 것으로 분석되었다. 갈방산 일대의 주요 식물 가운데 한국특산식물은 11분류군(키버들, 병꽃나무, 처녀치마 등)이 확인되었고, 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 VU등급(세잎승마) 1분류군, LC등급(도깨비부채, 태백제비꽃) 2분류군으로 총 3분류군의 희귀식물이 분포하는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, 식물구계학적 특정식물 V등급 1분류군, IV등급 2분류군, III등급 10분류군, II등급 16분류군, I 등급 23분류군이 확인되었고, 외래식물은 총 22분류군으로 도시화지수(%) 6.3%, 귀화율은 5.2%에 해당되는 것으로 분석되었다. 조사된 식물의 유용성 분석 결과, 식용식물 345분류군(81%), 섬유용식물 4분류군(0.9%), 약용식물 85분류군(20.0%), 관상용식물 18분류군(4.2%), 목초용식물 109분류군(25.6%) 목재용식물 15분류군(3.5%) 등으로 확인되었다. 요컨대 갈방산 일대의 식물 현황을 제시함으로써 본 연구 결과물이 갈방산 일대의 희귀특산식물과 유용식물의 보전 및 활용 방안을 마련하기 위한 기초자료로 활용 될 것이라 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2018

한경 곶자왈 산림유전자원보호구역은 개가시나무와 백서향 등을 포함한 암괴지대의 상록활엽수림으로서 그 중요성이 인정되어 산림유전자원 생태보전지역으로 지정 관리되고 있다. 따라서 본 지역의 식물상을 조사하여 곶자왈의 분포식물을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 본 연구는 한라산 서쪽 곶자왈지역 중 곶자왈 산림유전자원 보호구역으로 지정된 지역을 2017년 6월부터 2017년 9월까지 20여 차례 현장조사를 통하여 표본을 수집하고 이를 기록 정리하였다. 조사지역의 식물은 총 83과 181속 236종 23변종 2품종 총 261종으로 조사결과 양치식물이 7과 18속 30종 2변종 32분류군, 나자식물이 1과 1속 2분류군, 피자식물은 74과 162속 204종 21변종 2품종 227분류군 이었다. 그 중 쌍자엽식물은 67과 139속 179종 16변종 1품종 196분류군이고, 단자엽식물이 7과 23속 25종 5변종 1품종 31분류군이었다. 조사에서 확인된 환경부 멸종위기야생식물은 개가시나무 1종 이었다. 식물 구계학적 특정식물로는 총 97분류군이 조사되었다. 등급별로는 V등급 검정개관중, 개가시나무로 2분류군, IV등급 백서향, 녹나무 등 12분류군, III등급 아왜나무, 호자나무 등 37분류군, II등급 올벚나무, 개산초 등 13분류군, I 등급 푸조나무, 자금우 등 33분류군으로 확인되었다. 한국의 적색목록 식물을 분석해보면 취약(VU)은 개가시나무, 섬다래 등 3분류군, 준위협(NT)은 백서향, 약난초로 2분류군, 관심대상종(LC)은 골고사리, 새우난초 등 9분류군, 미평가종(NE)은 빌레나무 1분류군으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 청수 저지 곶자왈 지역의 생태학적 자료로 제주도 내 곶자왈과 비교하였을 때 맹아가 발달한 종가시나무가 우점하는 지역으로 향후 상록수림 천이에 의해 상록수 아래에 자라는 식물로 낙엽활엽수가 대체될 것으로 추정되어 지속적인 조사가 요구된다.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2009

In this paper, a selective area growth (SAG) of a GaN/AlGaN double heterostructure (DH) has been performed on r-plane sapphire substrate by using the mixed-source hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) with multi-sliding boat system. The SAG-GaN/AlGaN DH consists of GaN buffer layer, Te-doped AlGaN n-cladding layer, GaN active layer, Mg-doped AlGaN p-cladding layer, and Mg-doped GaN p-capping layer. The electroluminescence (EL) characteristics show an emission peak of wavelength, 439 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximately 0.64 eV at 20 mA. The I-V measurements show that the turn-on voltage of the SAG-GaN/AlGaN DH is 3.4 V at room temperature. We found that the mixed-source HVPE method with a multi-sliding boat system was one of promising growth methods for III-Nitride LEDs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the relationships among factors which influence acceptance intention of smart education. Based on literature reviews related with previous technology acceptance models, a potential model and seven hypotheses were suggested. Questionnaire was carried out among 132 students from elementary and secondary schools. They have experiences of utilizing applications of mobile devices for instructional goal. Cronbach alpha of the questionnaire was .78. The collected data were analyzed through path analysis. The results of this research are as follows. Seven hypotheses were adopted: Interaction will affect on perceived usefulness, Interaction will affect on perceived ease of use, Interaction will affect on acceptance intention, Interaction will affect on social influence, Social influence will affect on perceived usefulness, Perceived usefulness will affect on acceptance intention, Perceived ease of use will affect on acceptance intention. The model revised through the results of path analysis had good-fitness. That is, overall fit measures (RMSEA, CFI, NNFI), indexes that show the suitability of the model were quite good.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 1998

Sarcoma of the uterus is very rare malignant tumor originating from uterine muscle or connective tissue. We have experienced 20 cases of uterine sarcoma from January 1991 to June 1998. The results were as follows: 1. The pathologic types were 13 cases(65.0%) of leiomyosarcoma, 5 cases(25.0%) of malignant mixed Mullerian tumor, 1 case of rhabdomyosarcoma, and 1 case of angiosarcoma. 2. The average age and parity was 50.2 and 3.7. The chief complaints were irregular vaginal bleeding(35.0%), lower abdominal pain(25.0%), and abdominal mass(25.0%). 3. Nine cases(45.0%) were FIGO stage I, 1 case(5.0%) was stage II, 6 cases(30.0%) were stage III, and 4 cases(20.0%) were stage IV. 4. The survival was from 1.5 months to over 130 months(median 16.5 months), and there was no correlation between survival and FIGO stage or pathologic type. The correlation between survival and number of mitotic figure was incalcurable. 5. CA 125 levels were serially measured as a tumor marker in monitoring patients and the positive rate was 40%. Further study was needed to make a conclusion for usefulness of CA 125 as a tumor marker.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.344-350
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• 2007

Laryngo-tracheal perforation caused by the use of a stylet during tracheal intubation is a rare complication. We present a case of subcutaneous emphysema and connective tissue inflammation after tracheal intubation. The patient was a 41-year-old male undergoing general anesthesia for an appendectomy. The intubation was difficult during laryngoscopy (Cormack- Lehane Grade III). An assistant provided an endotracheal tube with a stylet inside while the laryngoscope was in place. During intubation, a short, dull sound was heard with a sudden loss of resistance after the distal tip of the endotracheal tube passed the rima glottis. A sonogram and computerized tomography revealed subcutaneous emphysema from the neck to the upper mediastinum and fluid collection between the trachea and the thyroid. This lesion appeared to have been caused by the protruded, loose stylet. Anesthesiologists should be aware of the damage a loose stylet protruding beyond the tip of the endotracheal tube can cause.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10967-10970
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• 2015

Objective: To analyze the efficacy and survival associated factors of gefitinib combined with cisplatin and gemcitabine for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 57 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who received platinum-based chemotherapy regimens for more than 1 cycle, were treated with gefitinib combined with cisplatin and gemcitabine until disease progression. Efficacy, survival time and adverse reactions were observed. The Kaplan-Meier method was adopted for analysis of survival and Cox regression for associated influencing factors. Results: The patients were followed up until October 31, 2013, and the median follow-up time was 19 months. Of 57 patients, there were 4 (7.0%) with complete remission (CR), 8 (14.0%) with partial remission, 31 (54.4%) with stable disease, and 14 (24.6%) with disease progression. The remission rate was 21.1% and the disease control rate was 75.4%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) time and the median overall survival time were 10 months and 15.2 months. The one-year, two-year and three-year survival rates were 47.4%, 23.3% and 10.0%. Gender and pathological types were the independent risk factors influencing PFS time (P=0.028, P=0.009). Tumor pathological type and early efficacy were independent factors for the prognosis (P=0.018, P=0.000). Adverse reactions were mostly rashes of I~II degree and diarrhea and slightly increasing level of aminopherase. The skin adverse event incidence of III degree or above was 1.8% (1/57) and brain metastasis was foudn in 31.6% (18/57). Conclusions: Gefitinib combined with cisplatin andgemcitabine, is effective for patients with IIIb~IV NSCLC who received multiple cycles of chemotherapy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.308.2-308.2
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• 2014

최근 III-N계 물질 기반의 광 반도체 중 m-면 사파이어 기판을 사용하여 반극성 (11-22) GaN박막을 성장하는 광반도체의 발광효율을 높이려는 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 하지만, 반극성 (11-22) GaN와 m-면 사파이어 기판과의 큰 격자상수 차이와 결정학적 이방성의 차이에 의해 많은 결정 결함이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 결정결함들은 반극성 LED소자내에서 누설전류 및 비발광 재결합, 순방향전압 등의 소자특성을 저하시키는 큰 요인이 되기 때문에 고효율 발광소자를 제작함에 있어 어려움을 야기시킨다. 이러한, 반극성 LED 소자의 효율 향상을 위해 결함 분석에 대한 연구를 주를 이루고 있는 상황으로, n-GaN층에 Si도핑에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이미 극성과 비극성에서는 n-GaN층에 Si이 도핑이 증가될수록 결정질이 향상되고, 양자우물의 계면의 질도 향상 되었다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구에서는 반극성 (11-22) GaN 기반의 발광소자를 제작함에 있어 n-GaN 층의 도핑 농도 변화를 통한 반극성 GaN 박막의 결정성 및 전기적 특성 변화에 따른 LED소자의 전계 발광 특성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 금속유기화학증착법을 이용하여 m-면 사파이어 기판에 $2.0{\mu}m$두께의 반극성 (11-22) GaN 박막을 저온 GaN완충층이 존재하지 않는 고온 1단계 성장법을 기반으로 성장하였다.[3] 이후, $2.0{\mu}m$ 반극성 (11-22) GaN 박막 위에 $3.5{\mu}m$ 두께의 n-GaN 층을 성장시켰다. 이때, n-형 도펀트로 SiH4 가스를 4.9, 9.8, 19.6, 39.2 sccm으로 변화하여 성장하였다. 이 4가지 반극성 (11-22) n-GaN 템플릿을 이용하여 동일 구조의 InGaN/GaN 다중양자우물구조와 p-GaN을 성장하여 LED 구조를 제작하였다. X-선 ${\omega}$-rocking curve를 분석한 결과, 이러한 특성은 반극성 (11-22) n-GaN층의 Si 도핑농도 증가에 따라서 각 (0002), (11-20), (10-10) 면에서 결정 결함이 감소하고, 반극성 (11-22) n형 GaN템플릿을 이용하여 성장된 반극성 GaN계 LED소자는 20mA인가 시 도핑 농도 증가에 따라 9.2 V에서 5.8 V로 전압이 감소하였으며 역방향 전류에서도 누설전류가 감소함이 확인되었다. 또한, 전계 발광세기도 증가하였는데, 이는 반극성 n형 GaN박막의 실리콘 도핑농도 증가에 따라 하부 GaN층의 결정성이 향상과 더불어 광학적 특성이 향상되고, n형 GaN층의 전자 농도 및 이동도의 동시 증가에 따라 전기적 특성이 향상 됨에 따라 LED소자의 전계 발광 특성이 향상된 것으로 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.4 s.87
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• pp.511-518
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• 1998

Anti-complementary assay for immuno-stimulating polysaccharide screening, human tumor colony-forming assay for discovering anti-tumor drugs, and toxic assay against mouse were performed to examine pharmacological activities of polysaccharides extracted from fruiting bodies of Jang-soo mushroom (Fomitella fraxinea). Hot water $(100^{\circ}C,\;FF-I)$, 1% ammonium oxalate solution $(80^{\circ}C,\;FF-II)$, and 5% sodium hydroxide solution $(80^{\circ}C,\;FF-III)$ were used for extraction of three polysaccharides from fruiting bodies of it. Anti-complementary activity of FF-I was more effective than the others. FF-I was further fractionated into three groups of polysaccharide by DEAE-Sephadex A25 column chromatography (FF-NP, FF-AP1, and FF-AP2). FF-AP1 showed not only the highest anti-complementary activity but also the growth-inhibitory activity against Snu-I (human stomach cancer cell) among 9 kinds of human tumor cell lines. But FF-AP2 exhibited its activity against Hep-2(larynx cancer) and KB(mouth epidermal cancer) cell lines at $500\;{\mu}g/ml$ although its anti-complementary activity was lower than it of FF-AP1. When FF-I was orally administrated to mice with dosage of 5000 mg/kg, no remarkable changes were observed in viewpoint of tissue-pathology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2006

The objectives of this study, an analysis of the morphological characteristics among six provenances of a rare Rhododendron micranthum could be used for the conservation of gene resources and could provide information on superior trees selection. The following results were obtained. Approximately Mt.worak region showed larger values at petal character. On the other hand, Bonghwa region showed smaller values at petal character. Yeonha-ri region showed larger values at leaf character. On the other hand, Bonghwa region showed smaller values at leaf character. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) for morphological characteristics showed that the first for principal components(PC's) explained 41.6% of the total variation. From th third PC explained 81.5% of the total variation. The first PC was correlated with those characteristics that were mainly related to the Petal length (PL), Leaf length (LL) width (LW), Stigma length (SL). The second PC was correlated with the Petiole length (PTW), Anther length (AL). The third PC was correlated with the Flower pedicel length (FPL), Filament length (FL). Therefore, these characteristics was important to analysis of the variation for morphological characteristics among provenances of Rhododendron micranthum. Cluster analysis using single linkage method based on morphological characteristics showed that six provenances of Rhododendron micranthum could be clustered into three groups. Group I is Jicdong-ri, Group II is Mt.worak and Yeonha-ri, and Group III is Taeback, Bonghwa, and Samcheok. These results corresponded well with that of principal component analysis.