• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2005

When recording single-unit responses from neural systems, a common problem is the accurate detection of spikes (action potentials) in the presence of competing unwanted (noise) signals. While some sources of noise can be readily dealt with through filtering or 'template subtraction' techniques, other sources present a more difficult problem. In particular, noise components introduced by power supplies, which contain harmonics of the power-line frequency, can be particularly troublesome in that they can mimic the shape of the desired spikes. Thus, standard 'template subtraction' techniques or notch-filtering approaches are not appropriate. In this study, we propose the use of a novel template-subtraction scheme that involves estimating the power-line noise waveform and using cross-correlation techniques to subtract them from the recordings. This technique requires two key steps: (1) cross-correlation analysis of each recorded waveform extracts a robust representation of the power-line noise waveform and (2) a second level of cross-correlation to successfully subtract that representation from each recorded waveform. This paper describes this algorithm and provides examples of its implementation using actual recorded waveforms that are contaminated with these noise signals. An improvement (reduction) in the noise level is reported, as are suggestions for future implementation of this strategy.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2011

The environmental education is based on the assumption that accurate knowledge and attitude could be linked to real action, but those have no effect on changing the behavior. To effect the change in behavior, we need to consider the reflective thinking which can make people change their behavior. The strategies to accelerate the reflective thinking are five steps of the reflective thinking process and the interaction through the discussion of students. And also, it is more proper if the contents are based on the real experiences of the students. Thus, this study tried to know whether the improvement of reflective thinking was able to affect to the environmental behavior. The environment education program was applied to the 60 elementary school 6th grade students in Gyeonggi-do and the survey methods were presented in the general experimental curriculum. To study 6th subjects (energy, harmful chemical material, heavy metal and agricultural chemicals, food additive, environmental friendly consumption, and recycle) was developed. This study shows the effect of the program on the environment knowledge, the environment behavior, the level of reflective-thinking and communication ability.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 예비유아교사를 위한 디자인씽킹 중심의 유아언어교육 교과목을 구성 및 적용함으로써 전공수업의 개선을 도모하고, 예비유아교사들의 수업실천 역량을 함양시키는데 있다. 이를 위해 유아언어교육을 수강하는 유아교육과 4학년 51명을 대상으로 실시한 실행연구의 결과를 논하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, '디자인씽킹 기반의 유아언어교육 수업 개선을 위한 실행과정'중 '계획' 단계에서는 현장의 문제점인 언어교육에서의 유아 흥미 부족과 언어영역의 고정화 문제를 인식하고 1차 실행을 함께 계획하였다. '실행' 단계에서는 말하기가 활발하게 표출될 수 있는 놀이와 쓰기가 즐거운 재미있는 편지지를 창안하고, 현장교사 연계로 피드백을 받았다. '반성 후 재실행' 단계에서는 현장실습을 다녀온 예비유아교사들의 다양한 경험을 바탕으로 창의적 쓰기 개발, 디자인씽킹을 반영한 놀이 사후실행안을 작성하였다. 사후실행안으로 모의수업으로 발표하며 자기평가와 동료평가를 진행하였다. 둘째, '디자인씽킹 기반의 유아언어교육 수업 개선을 위한 실행의 의미'는 '관행보다 소중한 유아에게 귀 기울이기'와 '공감과 협력을 통한 자기성찰과 성장'으로 정리되었다. 본 연구의 시사점은 예비유아교사를 위한 다양한 전공 교과목의 변화는 필요하며, 유아에게 공감하며 각기 다른 문제를 해결해 본 경험은 예비유아교사의 자율성과 전문성 함양에 도움이 된다는 점을 밝힌 것이다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제13B권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2006

인터넷의 급속한 성장으로 전자편지는 정보 전달의 중요한 수단으로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 수신자가 원하지 않는 전자편지(쓰레기 편지)들이 무분별하게 배달될 수 있으며, 이로 인해 사회적으로는 물론이고 경제적으로도 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 이와 같이 쓰레기 편지를 차단하거나 여과하기 위해서 많은 연구자와 회사에서 꾸준히 연구를 진행하고 있다. 일반적으로 쓰레기 편지를 결정하는 기준은 수신자에 따라서 조금씩 차이가 있다. 또한 쓰레기 편지와 정보성 편지에 따라서 수신자가 취하는 행동이 다르다. 이 논문은 이런 사용자 행동을 쓰레기 편지 여과 시스템에 반영하여 그 시스템의 성능을 개선한다. 제안된 시스템은 크게 두 단계로 구성된다. 첫 번째 단계는 사용자 행동을 추론하는 단계이고 두 번째 단계는 추론된 사용자 행동을 이용해서 쓰레기 편지를 여과하는 단계이다. 두 단계 모두에서 점진적인 기계학습 방법(TiMBL - IB2)을 이용한다. 제안된 시스템을 평가하기 위해 12명의 사용자로부터 12,000통으로 이루어진 전자편지 말뭉치를 구축하였다. 실험 결과는 사용자에 따라 $81%{\sim}93%$의 분류 정확도를 보였다. 사용자의 행동 정보를 포함하는 편지 분류 결과는 그렇지 않은 결과에 비해 평균 14%의 분류 정확도가 향상되었다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제19권
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• pp.63-112
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• 1990

The environment of the modern library is changing rapidly with advancements in information technology, massive increse in information, and with the changing needs of users for information in order to keep up with developments in science and technology. The library should also be in a constant state of change in accordance with the changing environment. But the current situation is that library organizations in Korea do not show any change. Here arises the need to diagnose the health of these organization. Organizational innovations can be achieved either by change in the organizational structure or administrative methods or in personal attitudes. In making organizational innovations, however, it is not sufficient only to change the organizational structure or the administrative methods without changing personal attitudes. The purpose of this thesis is to diagnose the health of university library organizations in Korea and to suggest prescriptions based on the results of this diagnosis, by means of organization development theory. In this study, the action research model and the diagnostic model were developed for the health of university library organization in Korea. The action research model consisted of 3 steps: diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. The diagnostic model comprised diagnostic criterion and diagnostic indicators. The health of an organization was selected as the diagnostic criterion. Diagnostic indicators were divided into 3 levels: personal job-satisfaction at the individual level, cohesiveness at the group level, and the organizational climate at the organizational level. Both the interview and the questionaire were used as diagnostic methods. The questionaire form was designed according to the Likert typle 5-point scale. For the investigation, 10 university libraries were selected from the private universities in Seoul, and questionaire sheets were sent to their 156 librarians and responses were received from 116 persons. An interview was carried out with a selected chief of departments of the library concerned. The results of the diagnosis show that the average personal job­satisfaction was 3.57, the group cohesiveness was 3.15 and organizational climate was 2.93, and accordingly the comprehensive health indicator was 3.22. The health of university library organizations in Korea was generally on the decline at all 3 levels. In particular, the organizational climate was in a very weak state. Most problems concern dissatisfaction with personnel policy, communications and non-professionally qualified directors. As the prescriptions, the following was suggested: institutionalization of the staff meeting for resolving problems with communication, appointement of professional directors, performance appraisal, conferring faculty status for librarians, and a suggest system. And for the improvement of the organizational climate, managerial grid training was suggested as one of the educational strategies for organizational development.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 1976

The traditional application of night soil to vegetable gardens and rice paddies results in a most wide spread condition of parasitism, with a variety of helminths found in Korea. In addition to the above fact, the peculiar habit of the consumption of raw vegetables, fish, crustaceans and mammals provides a means of infestations of helminths. During the last sixty years numerous reports were found on the prevalence of helminths amongst the Korean population in different parts of the country, and it was generally recognized that ascariasis, hookworm disease, filariasis, clonorchiasis and paragonimiasis constitute the important helminthic disease in Korea. In practical measures of parasite control activities the main measures are summarized as mass-treatment, night-soil disposal and transmission control. Among the three, the mass-treatment has been commonly applied, however, no reduction of transmission has been obtained by treatment of a population. Therefore, the ultimate eradication of parasites will depend upon the application of comprehensive environmental sanitation measures. The basic environmental measures will be concerned with (a) the safe disposal of human excreta, (b) the provision of adequate and safe water supplies in such a way as to promote a higher standard of personal hygiene in the population, and (c) the prevention of food contamination by faecal material. Additional environmental measures will deal with the improvement of housing and housing hygiene and with general community development. Community development means social and cultural as well as economic development. The control measures on the parasitic endemic diseases, such as clonorchiasis and paragonimiasis are the good examples for community health development in Korea. The control of Clonorchis and Paragonimus infections are theoretically very simple, as the infection can only invade the human body by way of encysted metacercaria which are taken into the body when eating passive intermediate hosts(fishes, crabs and crayfishes). Although prophylactic measures in the case of the infections deal with above merely consist the fishes in cooking or submerging in hot water before eating them, it is exceedingly difficult to carry out such simple measures in face of century old traditions, to which the relatively primitive population clings with great tenacity. There is no one universally applicable method of control. The choice of methods must be dictated by the nature of the environment. the habit and custom of the people. the pattern of transmission and the resources of the country. There must exist a well organized public health infrastructure. Since a control programme is of necessity on a longterm basis and continuity in its implementation is essential. An investigation should be made on the prevalence of the diseases and its relationships to irrigation engineering, freshwater ecology, agricultural methods, hydro-electric schemes, and the development of communities in affected areas. In conclusion, however. the control of clonorchiasis and paragonimiasis in Korea is not an impossible task. A combination of efforts with major emphasis on health education and mass chemotherapy coupled with governmental aid in enforcing legislative public health measures could reduce the diseases. Health education in particular attempts following four things: (a) It supplies a person with enough general knowledge about a disease to make the preventive measures. (b) It makes a person feel sufficiently about the importance of his own health to make him alter his behavior and adopt these preventive measure. (c) It makes him concerned for the health others. (d) It tries to make him feel so strongly about the first three that be supports and even initiates preventive action by the community. Educational efforts should be directed primarily toward school children because it is during the early years that most persons become infected, and also because children are less entrenched in their food habits so that, the educational process should be involved at various levels in successive changes of knowledge, attitude, beha viour, habit and custom of their lives. The most parasitic endemic diseases are related to community diseases. In caring for a sick community. the first stage is to gather epidemiological data, the next is to make inferences from it-to make the community diagnosis. The third is to prescribe community treatment or community health action part of a community health action programme. The community health action is the sum of the steps decided upon to remedy the critical features revealed by the community diagnosis. Action takes various forms; health education is the most important.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.359-368
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• 2000

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 2학년 물의 순환과 일기의 변화 단원에 대해 STS의 한 방법인NIE 수업자료를 개발하여 학생들에게 처치한 후, NIE가 학업 성취도와 과학 관련 태도에 미치는 효과를 조사하고 학습 방법과 학생들의 학업 능력 수준간의 상호 작용 효과를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 연구대상은 서울시 동작구에 소재한 여자 중학교 2학년 4개 반을 임의로 선정했고, 학급별로 실험집단과 통제집단에 2학급씩 무작위로 배치하였다. 실험 집단에서는 교사가 관련 개념을 6차시동안 간략하게 강의하고 나머지 7차시동안 개발한 NIE 수업자료로 수업하였고, 통제 집단에서는 전통적인 교과서 위주의 강의식 수업을 하였다. NIE 수업은 Iowa Chautauqua Program에서 활용한 문제로의 초대, 탐색 , 설명, 해결방안의 제시 단계에 따라 진행하였고, STS 학습 지도 전략 중 과학에서 출발하는 접근법으로 프로젝트학습, 토픽학습, 낱말 맞추기 퍼즐 등의 NIE 수업자료를 개발 활용하였다. 학업 성취도 검사 도구는 차시별 수업 목표를 고려하여 연구자가 개발하였고, 과학 관련 태도 검사 도구는 TOSRA의 7가지 영역 중 두 영역, 즉 과학의 사회적 의미와 과학에 대한 흥미적 관심에 해당하는 20문항을 사용하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면, NIE 자료를 활용한 수업이 교과서 위주의 전통적인 수업에 비해 학생들의 학업 성취도를 향상시키는데 효과적이었다(P<.01). 또한, 과학과 관련된 학생들의 태도 변화에 있어서도 실험집단이 통제집단보다 통계적으로 유의미한 성취도의 우위를 보이는 것으로 나타났다(P<.01). 학습 방법과 학생들의 성취 수준간의 상호 작용 효과를 알아본 결과 학업 성취도와 과학에 대한 흥미적 관심의 경우에는 주목할 만한 상호 작용 효과는 나타나지 않았으나, 과학의 사회적 의미에 대한 태도에 있어서는 NIE 수업 방법이 전통적인 수업 방법에 비해 하위 집단의 태도를 보다 더 긍정적으로 함양시킨 결과를 유도했다.