• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

The physicochemical characteristics, adhesion power, and conservation of imported tapes repairing documents that consisted of adhesive, carrier, and masking were investigated. Materials related to pressure sensitive adhesive produced in domestic companies were examined also. And then, the performance evaluation of prototype manufactured in our laboratory was undertaken. Both the pressure sensitive tapes were compared. The polyacrylate of adhesive agents such as polyacrylate, starch, Glue, and PVA of imported tapes was best. The adhesion strength, power, reversibility, and stability (deterioration) of imported tapes were analyzed. By comparing results of imported tapes, two adhesive agents were selected finally. The carriers of imported tapes are made of one of papers, cotton sheets, and felts. Major carrier material was a paper. The jutes, conifers, and hardwoods were main ingredient of papers. The durability of Hangi($18{\pm}2g/m^2$) was one and half times superior to imported one.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: For the food safety of cultivated mushroom, information on the safety of agricultural by-products imported as medium substrates for mushroom cultivation is urgently needed. Therefore, this study was performed to detect the presence of heavy metals, residual pesticides, and nutrient component in the imported medium substrates. METHODS AND RESULTS: Six kinds of medium substrates imported from nine countries from 2015 to 2017 were investigated. A mercury analyzer MA-2000 and an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer OPTIMA 7000DV were used to analyze mercury, lead, arsenic, copper, nickel and cadmium. All of these heavy metals were detected at lower level than heavy metal tolerance standard level of by-product fertilizer in Korea. When 246 kinds of residual pesticides were examined by GC and HPLC, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and carbendazim were detected from Egyptian beet pulp, Indian cottonseed meal and cottonseed hull, respectively. The content of nutrient components (water, crude ash, crude fat, crude protein and crude fiber) varied among imported countries and the medium substrates. CONCLUSION:The presence of heavy metals and residual pesticides in imported medium substrates for mushroom cultivation was confirmed. For the safe production of mushroom, this study shows that imported medium materials for mushroom cultivation need to be managed through continuous monitoring.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.529-535
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• 2000

혼합배지 조제에 이용되는 부숙 가공된 왕겨, 톱밥, 수피 등 유기물질과 질석, 펄라이트, 폐암면의 물리 화학성을 분석하여 혼합배지 조제를 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 건식수피나 습식수피는 1.0mm 이상의 입자분포가 72.1% 및 69.1%를 나타내어 부숙가공된 왕겨나 톱밥의 34.7 및 33.7%보다 월등히 높았다. 수입질석은 1.0mm 이상의 입자가 89.9%로 국산질석의 25.7%보다 높아 수입질석의 입자가 컸다. 토양물리적 특성에서 용기용수량에서는 러시아산 피트가 79.3%로 가장 높았고 습식수피 58.2%로 낮아 보수성이 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 기상률에서 톱밥과 러시아산 피트는 약 4.1%로 측정되어 작물재배에 이용할 경우 통기성 불량으로 인한 작물생육이 저조할 것으로 예상되었다. 부숙가공된 유기물질들의 화학적 특성에서 톱밥이 가장 높아 $2.30mS{\cdot}cm^{-1}$로 측정되었고, 기타 유기물질들의 전기전도도는 $0.25mS{\cdot}cm^{-1}$ 이하로 매우 낮았으며, 질소는 대부분 처리에서 1.5% 미만이었다. 양이온치환용량의 경우 수입질석이 64.0meq/100g로 국산질석의 27.2meq/100g보다 약 2.4배 높았다. Ca 및 Mg함량은 국산질석이 수입질석 보다 함량이 낮았으며, Na함량은 수입질석이 국산질석 보다 무려 38배 가량 높았다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.410-419
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• 2018

국내 버섯 생산용 배지재료 용도로 수입되는 밀짚, 피트모스, 비트펄프, 면실피, 면실박 등 농업부산물에 대한 안전성 자료 구축이 시급히 요구되고 있다. 그러나 미생물에 대한 조사 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 2년 동안 호주, 캐나다, 중국, 이집트, 독일, 인도, 우크라이나에서 수입한 농업 부산물인 밀짚, 피트모스, 면실박, 면실피, 비트펄프를 대상으로 인체, 식물, 버섯에 유해가능성 있는 세균의 존재 여부를 확인하기 위해 수행하였다. 조사된 수입된 농업부산물에는 $1.35{\times}10^2$에서 $8.34{\times}10^6CFU/g$ 농도 범위로 세균이 존재하였다. 세균을 분리하여 16S rDNA를 분석한 결과 총 19속 45종의 세균이 동정되었다. Basillus 속 세균이 우점으로 존재 하였고 그 다음으로 Paenibacillus 속 세균이 많이 존재하였다. 종 수준에서는 Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria 그룹에 속하는 순으로 다양성이 존재하였다. 농업부산물 별로 볼 때는 밀짚과 피트모스에서 더 다양한 속의 세균들이 존재하였다. 이 중 인체 유해성이 보고된 세균은 5속 6종으로서 Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter ludwigii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas monteilii, Bacillus anthracis, Cellulosimicrobium funkei가 존재하였다. 놀랍게도 인체병원균이면서 동시에 식물 병원균으로 보고된 Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumonia 그리고 식물병원균 Bacillus altitudinis가 존재하였다.또한 곤충 병원성의 Lysinibacillus sphaericus와 버섯 병원성의 Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense가 존재하였다. 본 연구 결과는 국내에 수입되고 있는 버섯재배 배지용 농업부산물에 여러 종류의 잠재성 있는 병원성 세균이 존재함을 확인하였다. 이는 수입되고 있는 농업부산물이 버섯생산에 안전하게 사용되기 위해서는 위생 검사와 관리가 시급히 필요함을 시사한다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2010

본 시험은 버섯 병재배 농가에서 사용하고 있는 배지재료와 혼합배지의 수분함량, pH, 전탄소(T-C), 전질소(T-N), C/N율, 인산, 13종의 양이온 함량 등 이화학적 특성을 파악하여 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 전국의 병재배 농가에서 임의로 선정한 35농가 중 팽나무버섯 13개소, 큰느타리버섯 14개소, 느타리버섯 8개소에서 배지재료 143점과 혼합배지 35점의 시료가 수집되었다. 배지재료의 성분함량은 동일한 명칭의 재료라도 2~5배로 차이가 많은 경우도 있었다. 그리고 농가에서 수집한 버섯재배용 혼합배지의 C/N율은 팽나무버섯과 큰 느타리버섯 배지가 $28{\pm}4$, 느타리버섯 병재배용 배지는 $21{\pm}2$의 범위이었으며 중금속 등 특정성분에 특이사항은 없었다. 그리고 배지재료별 성분함량표를 이용하여 버섯 재배용 혼합배지의 성분조성을 산출하기 위한 계산식을 제시하였다.

• 한국인쇄학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국인쇄학회 2007년도 추계 학술논문 발표회
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• pp.29-43
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• 2007

Web offset newspaper prints is the most widely used printing process in domestic printing industry, but there are no industry-wide specifications for press control to assure consistent quality across newspaper printing plants. As newspaper printing becomes more of a commodity and less of an art, it is necessary to develop the print quality specification standard suitable for Korea web offset newspaper printing field. There are a few commonly employed printing standards such as, SNAP(Specification for Non-Heatset Publication) of the US, IFRA(INCA-FIEJ Research Association), J-color (Japan printing machinery association). And there exists KS for domestic standards, however, since it has been directly imported from ISO standards, there are discrepancies in printing materials and media. This paper aims to examine the color reproduction quality of domestic web offset newspaper prints by comparing with foreign standards. Printing experiments on this study have been performed at one of the domestic newspaper printing companies. The color reproduction properties of the web offset newspaper prints are measured by means of densitometry and colorimetry. These measures are evaluated comapratively with the international standards by means of analyzing, the major factors that determine the color reproduction quality of web offset newspapar prints.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2007

Web offset newspaper prints is the most widely used printing process in domestic printing industry, but there are no industry-wide specifications for press control to assure consistent quality across newspaper printing plants. As newspaper printing becomes more of a commodity and less of an art, it is necessary to develop the print quality specification standard suitable for Korea web offset newspaper printing field. There are a few commonly employed printing standards such as, SNAP (Specification for Non-Heatset Publication) of the US, IFRA(INCA-FIEJ Research Association), J-color (Japan printing machinery association). And there exists KS for domestic standards, however, since it has been directly imported from ISO standards, there are discrepancies in printing materials and media. This paper aims to examine the color reproduction quality of domestic web offset newspaper prints by comparing with foreign standards. Printing experiments on this study have been performed at one of the domestic newspaper printing companies. The color reproduction properties of the web offset newspaper prints are measured by means of densitometry and colorimetry. These measures are evaluated comapratively with the international standards by means of analyzing, the major factors that determine the color reproduction quality of web offset newspaper prints.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2009

Since domestic offset print quality control depends on the experience of persons in charge rather than objective data, the standards from the data are needed for the well-organized quality management of high-quality prints. Based on the ISO standards, now the standard specifications, such as GRACoL 7, SWOP 11, SNAP, G7 in America, and EURO Color, ECI, BVDM in Europe, and Japan Color 2001, Japan Color 2004 in Japan, are employed. There exists KS for domestic standards. However, since it has been directly imported from ISO Standards, there are discrepancies in printing materials and media. Although the quality management of commercial prints has been focused and studied. For this circumstance, standards are needed for the production of prints to meet international standards. This paper aims to find out suitable ways to approach domestic printing standards using densitometric method and colorimetric method. Printing experiments on this study were performed with domestic process color inks(Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) and domestic coated papers, under the same conditions as the actual commercial printing processes. In densitometric method, how to set up the optimal solid print density was studied through three tests such as the ways to match solid print density and print contrast to GRACoL standards respectively, and the way to get the highest contrast. In colorimetric method, how to get solid print density with the minimum color difference between the $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ color specification values in GRACoL standards and the measured color specification values in prints, was studied.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.141-146
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• 1997

Postmortem examination was conducted on 350 (three hundred and fifty) chickens. Related samples (Liver, heart, ovary, spleen, bone-marrow, and caecal junction) were collected. The appropriate materials from the samples were cultured into different media. A total 40(forty) isolates of salmonella pullorum and S. gallinarum were identified and preserved. Characterization of the isolates were done by cultural, morphological, biochemical, and serological tests. Salmonella pullorum antigen was prepared from the local isolate, standardized and tested. This antigen was used in the field for the detection of pullorum or fowl typhoid infection or carrier birds. The antigen consisted of suspension of Salmonella pullorum in 0.50 percent sodium chloride plus 1.5 percent sodium sulfate and inactivated with 1% formalin U.S.P. and standardized with McFarland scale iv or by pour plate method containing 800 million organisms per milliliter and stained by the addition of alcoholic crystal violet. Sterility, safety and potency were tested and found as good as other international antigens. The antigen was found to retain its quality for six months when preserved at room temperatures. The test was made by mixing one drop of the antigen with a drop of blood or a drop of serum, on a glass plate or white tile. The locally produced antigen was as good as antigens from Japan, Hungary, Holland and India. A serological study was conducted with the locally prepared antigen in different farms, and the incidence was 0-4% in government farms, 5-10% in commercial imported breeds and 0-3% in cross breed local farms respectively.