• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 1997

A continuum structure function(CSF) is a non-decreasing mapping from the unit hypercube to the unit interval. The reliability importance of component $i$ in a CSF at system level ${\alpha}$, $R_i({\alpha})$) say, is zero if and only if component $i$ is almost irrelevant to the system at level ${\alpha}$. A condition to check whether a component is almost irrelevant to the system is presented. It is shown that $R^{(m)}_i({\alpha}){\rightarrow}R_i({\alpha})$ uniformly as $m{\rightarrow}{\infty}$ where each $R^{(m)}_i({\alpha})$ is readily calculated.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.113-142
• /
• 2023

As society becomes more digital, the need for digital forensics experts are gradually increasing. It is necessary to establish a training policy that reflects the special characteristics of digital forensics personnel. Although there are fragmented policies for digital forensics-related systems and human resources training in academia, it is an urgently necessary to establish a systematic and long-term policy to foster digital forensics experts. This study suggests curriculum of digital forensic based on the importance ranking among forensic subjects. The importance ranking can be decided by forensic experts. This study can be used as policy data to foster diverse talent that can effectively meet the increasing demand for digital forensics talent. The systematic curriculum proposed in this study is a practical curriculum at the undergraduate level and can be suitable for university level

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.1 s.63
• /
• pp.273-282
• /
• 2006

This study has evaluated the visual preference factor of Keum river sceneries which could vary according to the change of water level while other scenic environment near by the river did not change. 1) At Gap Cheon site, the variances of the visual preferences for river scenery at different water level are determined as emotional, physical, aesthetic and individual factor. At Mujoo site, the variances of the visual preferences are determined as only two factors such as emotional and physical factors. Those factors show significant relations. All of the visual preferences are increased as the increase of preference factors. Also decreasing of preference factors result in decreasing of visual preferences. 2) In multiple regression model, both the Gap cheon site and Mujoo site show that the increase of emotional factor affect most to visual preference when other conditions are fixed. The physical factor affect less than the emotional factor. At Gap cheon site, the relative importance level which the preference factors contribute to the visual preference appears as the order of emotional, physical, aesthetic and individual factor. Emotional factor's importance level is 4.2 times greater than individual factor. At Mujoo site, the relative importance level which the preference factors contribute to the visual preference appears as the order of emotional and physical factor. The emotional factor's importance level is 1.1 times greater than physical factor. It is clearly indicate that the emotional factor is most important preference factor in both study sites. The factor analysis results of Keum river scenery at different water level using the visual evaluation method affect a lot to the quantification of river instream flow and water level.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.157-168
• /
• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to provide basic data regarding health care services for middle-aged men, via an analysis of the relationships among stress level, food habits and well-being-related attitudes with social-demographic characteristics and health-related factors. The main findings of this study were as follows. The average age of the participants was $48.7{\pm}5.2$. With regard to health status, 18.8% of the participants were diagnosed with digestive diseases within the past year. Stress levels were higher in the participants with lower levels of educational attainment. Furthermore, participants who had become divorced or lived separately from their families, participants who did not have their own houses, and participants who reported low marital satisfaction also had high levels of stress. Our food habits scores revealed meaningful differences among the study subjects, and were shown to vary with marital satisfaction, occupation, and residence type. In terms of both the importance and practice level of well-being-associated food habits, the most frequent response in this study was 'Consume home-made food rather than processed or ready-to-eat food' ($4.30{\pm}0.86$, $3.68{\pm}1.04$). In terms of importance level, the factors most relevant to well-being in terms of food habits were education level, marital satisfaction, residence type, self-assessed health status, smoking, drinking, regular exercises and leisure activities. With regard to practice levels, the degree to which subjects engaged in food habits targeted toward well-being differed meaningfully depending on marital status, marital satisfaction, residence type, family type, self-assessed health status, smoking, drinking, nutritional supplement intake, regular exercises and leisure activities. After analyzing the correlation among stress level, food habit score and the attitude towards well-being-related dietary habits (importance and practice level), we observed a meaningful relationship between the four factors at the level of p<0.001. According to the above result, continuous attention to health, including the appropriate control of smoking and drinking, as well as, stress management, via regular exercises and appropriate food habits is expected to exert a positive influence on the prevention of disease, and is also expected to improve quality of life. For all well-being-associated items, the importance level was shown to be higher than the practice level. Thus, in order to foster health-oriented food habits, we recommend that a new plan be designed, targeted toward ease of active practice for middle-aged men.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.33-46
• /
• 2014

Delay is the most common problem in the construction industry. It has many negative effects on project's success in terms of time, cost, quality, and safety. From the literature review, a total of thirty-five factors of delay were selected. These factors were divided into seven groups related to materials, manpower, owner, consultant, contractor, construction, and external problems. This study was carried out to identify the main causes of delay for a construction project through their importance level. The importance level was determined based on the frequency of occurrence and severity of impact. The structured questionnaire has distributed to the respondents who have much experience in construction management in Bangladesh. The results of analysis indicated that top five factors of construction delay according to their level of importance are: (1) price of construction materials increased very rapidly, (2) political situation (revolution/ public strikes), (3) shortages of skilled workers, (4) poor site management and supervision by contractor, (5) incompetent/ immature subcontractors. These findings of this study are expected to be significant contributions to Bangladesh construction industry in controlling current performance of project on time overrun.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2004

Customer value is the source for competitive advantage of online businesses such as Internet shopping malls and portal service. It is important to analyze the relationship between customer value and repurchase in order to provide a guideline of successful online business. The purpose of this paper is to get answers for the following questions. First, what are key components of customer value in online business? Second, What difference exists in the importance or expectance of customer value and its current service level of online business? Finally, what influence relationships exist in customer value and repurchase intentions? Data were collected from 615 respondents who experienced purchase on the Internet shopping malls. This paper developed and empirically tested a model representing the relationships between customer value factors and repurchase intentions as well as difference between the importance of customer value and its service level. The findings here suggested that the service level of customer value was significantly lower than its importance, and customer value factors positively affected the repurchase intentions. Specifically, economy and trust/responsiveness value factors directly affected the repurchase intentions while other factors such as convenience, speed, personalization, community, and emotion value indirectly affected it through trust/responsiveness.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.487-499
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to suggest marketing strategies to internet fashion shopping malls identifying factors that customers consider important. Data were collected by survey questionnaire and the subjects were 322 men and women in their twenties and thirties living in Seoul and Kyung-gi. SPSS 10.0 package were used and reliability, frequency, cross tabulation, chi-square, paired t-test, ANOV A and Duncan test were conducted for data analysis. The results were as follows. I) Subjects placed the most importance on providing the precise and detail information of products but its satisfaction level was low. 2) Subjects considered the ‘low price’ very importantly but its satisfaction level of it was not high. 3) Subject's importance and satisfaction level of ‘point system’ were about an average. 'Point system' has to be activated by using systems such as 'point network system' by pointbanking co. as one of price-cutting strategies. 4) Internet fashion shopping mall users treated 'the security system of personal data' importantly while they were not sufficiently satisfied with the system. 5) Female placed more importance on design and color of products and suppliance of the trendy items.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.340-351
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the job competencies of HIV counseling nurses and to figure out the importance, level of difficulty, and performance frequency of the competencies. Methods: The job competencies were drawn from 22 HIV counseling nurses by developing new models and utilizing specialist groups. The importance, level of difficulty, and performance frequency of the competencies were analyzed using the average and deviation. Results: The results of this study identified 6 job competencies such as counseling performance, expertise utilization, cooperation, support, administration, and self-development, 28 sub-competencies, and 48 job descriptions. Out of the 6 job competencies, counseling performance recorded high levels in the importance, level of difficulty, and performance frequency. Conclusion: The study results will be used as the basic data of the training programs for strengthening the job competencies of HIV counseling nurses. Furthermore, it is expected that the results will contribute to the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission, the core of the national HIV/AIDS control programmes, and the improved health and quality of life in people living with HIV.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.9 no.3 s.20
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2003

The study was focused on setting priority for future core technologies in rural development and resources using AHP. The technologies were derived by Delphi method. Evaluation criteria for the priority setting were decided as 'technology', 'market oriented', and 'public concerns' by council. The future core technologies were divided as four groups by importance and R&D level. Technologies in upper two groups were considered in the study. Group I had high importance and high R&D level. Group II had high importance and lower R&D level. Questionnaires were given to 9 specialists in agricultural resources. As the results, 'public concerns' was decided as a most important evaluation criterion. The most important technologies are "technology developing for animal feces and urine treatment, and restoration it to farm land" in group I, and "technology developing for agricultural by-products as energy source" in group II.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical nurses' knowledge of DM and diabetes patient education aptitude so as to provide a basis for clinical nurse training with respect to diabetes patient education program. The data has been collected through the questionnaires of 42 items from the Knowledge on DM and each 16 item from the Importance on the elements of diabetes patient and the Recognition for clinical nurses, respectfully. 166 nurses from a general hospital who had participated in clinical nurse training in Sep. 28 and Oct. 4, 2001 were subject to respond the questionnaires. Analysis has been done by using statistical method such as percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The findings are as follows: 1. Clinical nurses' knowledge levels of diabetes 1) The average level of nurses' knowledge about diabetes is 29.37 (right answer- finding rate: 70%), which is intermediate. 2) Amongst the nurses classified by their knowledge levels about diabetes, the group with less than one year career and that with more than 5 year careers are found to have higher knowledge levels. The item with the highest right answer-finding rate was 'Please find the wrong out of the following examples about foot care'. Meanwhile, the item with highest incorrect answer-finding rate was 'what does blood sugar control aims for amongst gestational diabetes?'. 2. Clinical nurses' importance and perception levels of educational training about diabetes 1) There were no differences amongst nurses' importance level about diabetes. 2) Nurses usually had high scores(4.30) in terms of the items related to the importances about educational training. 3) There were quite high recognitions of general characteristics and symptoms about diabetes, amongst the nurse cohorts working more than one year and less than 5 years, and over 5 years, the group belonging to the internal department, that having the previous experiences of dealing with diabetes, and that having their diabetic relatives and other close people. Meanwhile, strangely, the group who identified themselves as 'not good at treating diabetes' had a high recognition level of educational training about diabetes. 3. Relationship between knowledge levels and importance & perception levels of diabetes 1) The higher knowledge about diabetes nurses had, the more importance they recognized. 2) It is found that there was no relationship between knowledge and perception of diabetes. 3) The more importance about diabetes nurses had, the higher perception they obtained. In conclusion, there is an urgent need for systematic educational programs about diabetes including technical aspects, in order to upgrade and improve nurses knowledge levels. In addition, re-educational training should be provided at regular intervals. Further, we believe the nurses with high knowledge about diabetes and interests in the provision of educations for patients can be far more confident, and in return, patients can have better self-management about diabetes obtained through educations. Based on the above-mentioned findings, we would like to make the suggestion: re-evaluation about nurses' knowledge and cognition levels should be carried out after job training programs about diabetes.