• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.183-195
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• 2022

Purpose - The study attempted to analyze how the U.S.-China trade dispute affects a highly trade-dependent South Korea. Currently, major domestic and international institutions have issued a number of conflicting predictions that the trade dispute between China and the United States will have a positive and negative impact on South Korea. Accordingly, the present study attempted to analyze using actual data. Design/methodology/approach - The analysis was conducted using actual import and export data from the United States and China and actual import and export data from the United States and China from South Korea. The analysis measured the number and amount of imports and exports by year and month, and the rate of increase and decrease. We also looked at trade dispute days, import and export outcomes and what the impact was. In addition, as a result of the US-China trade dispute, the amount of change in Korea's imports and exports was analyzed. Findings - Empirical analysis shows that South Korea's exports to the United States and China have increased. The analysis results are as follows. First, exports to the United States increased by 5.65% in 2018 and 6.45% in 2019 compared to 2017. Second, exports to China surged 12.34% in 2018 compared to 2017. This increase in South Korea's exports to the United States and its mass exports to the United States shows that South Korea has benefited from the trade dispute between the United States and China. Research implications or Originality - South Korea, which is highly trade-dependent, has been heavily affected by the U.S.-China trade dispute. Various predictions are made about this. The analysis showed that South Korea's export volume has increased. In the end, the effect of the trade transition to the 3rd country did not occur. Rather, the U.S.-China trade dispute appears to have helped South Korea.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2023

본 연구는 지정학적 위기가 우리나라 항만 물동량에 미치는 영향에 대해서 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 우리나라는 무역의존도가 높은 대외의존적인 경제구조를 가지고 있으며, 수출입의 대부분이 해상운송을 통해서 이루어지고 있다. 따라서, 지정학적 위기로 인하여 세계경제에 변동이 생기면 우리나라 항만 물동량에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 이론적 예상이 가능하다. 이에 본 연구는 1995년~2022년 기간 동안 지정학적 위기가 우리나라 항만 물동량에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 지정학적 위기가 우리나라 항만 물동량에 미치는 영향은 일부 항만을 제외하고 통계적으로 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 지정학적 위기가 항만물동량에 미치는 영향은 수출과 수입에 따라, 그리고 항만에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 지정학적 위기는 수출 물동량에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 항만을 통한 수출입 단가에 대해서 분석한 결과, 지정학적 위기는 수입단가에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 1997

The purpose in this study is development of model for the Container Terminals of Pusan Port, First of all, Quantitive and Qualititve factors are characterized which effects on Physical Distribution System in Container Terminals. The System Dynamics method is used to develope the model by using these factor. This model is able to present the timinig of investment in Container Terminals of Pusan Port. Six models are showed by change of parameters in System Dynamics, in this paper. In the model, Five feedback loop were found. Loop 1 : Number of Liners$\rightarrow$Number of Congested ships$\rightarrow$Port's Charges$\rightarrow$Export & Import Cargo Volumes$\rightarrow$Number of Liners$\rightarrow$The will to investment of government$\rightarrow$Length of berth→Number of Liners. Negative loop was acquired. Loop 2 : Port's Charge$\rightarrow$Economic of Port$\rightarrow$The will to Private management$\rightarrow$Efficiency for Port's Operation$\rightarrow$Port's Charges. Positive loop was acquired. Loop 3 : Number of Congested ships$\rightarrow$Planning for future development$\rightarrow$Information Service$\rightarrow$Support service for port's user$\rightarrow$Number of Congested ships. Negative loop was acquired. Loop 4 : Number of Congested ships$\rightarrow$Planning for future development$\rightarrow$Extent of stacking area$\rightarrow$Number of handling equipmint$\rightarrow$Number of Congested ships. Negative loop was acquired. Loop 5 : Export & Import Cargo Volumes$\rightarrow$Number of Liners$\rightarrow$Econmic of Port$\rightarrow$Support service for port's user$\rightarrow$Export & Import Cargo Volumes. Positive loop was acquired. System's level variables were selected as followings ; Number of Liners, Number of Congested ships, Export & Import Carge Volumes, Length of berth, and Port's Charges. As result of simmulation of model, fluctuation of respective year was found in level variables. This fluctuation can be used properly to present timing of investment.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine how Korea's macroeconomic factors, such as GDP, CPI, Export, Import, Unemployment rate and USD/KRW exchange rate, are affected by the oil price shocks. Design/methodology/approach - This study used monthly and quarterly time-series data of each variable for the period 1983 to 2022, consisting of two sub-periods, to employ Granger causality test and GARCH method in order to identify the role of the oil price movement in macroeconomic factors in Korea. Findings - Korea's currency rate to the US dollar is negatively correlated with the price change of crude oil while the GDP change is positively correlated with the price change of crude oil with strong relationship between Export and Import in particular. The exchange rate and GDP growth are believed to be not correlated with the oil price change for the pre-GFC period. According to the Granger causality test, the price change in crude oil has a causal impact on CPI, Export and Import while other factors are relatively slightly affected. Transmission effect from the oil price to Export is found and there also exists volatility spillover from oil price to economic variables under examination. Comparing two sub-periods, CPI and Export volatility responds negatively to shocks in the oil price for the pre-GFC period while volatility of CPI and Unemployment reacts positively to the oil price shocks for the post-GFC period. Research implications or Originality - The findings of this study could be helpful for both domestic and international investors to build their portfolio for the risk management since rising WTI price can be interpreted as a result of global economic growth and ensuing increase in the worldwide demand of the crude oil. Consequently, the national output is expected to increase and the currency is also expected to be strong in the long run.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.340-348
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 선행연구의 검토를 통해 첫째, 수입대행쇼핑몰에서 취급하는 제품에 대한 태도와 구매의도에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 특성 변수(제품 특성, 소비자 특성)를 도출하여 영향관계를 파악하였으며 둘째, 지각된 위험을 조절변수로 투입하여 제품에 대한 태도와 구매의도와의 관계에서 조절역할을 규명하였다. 셋째, 이상의 연구결과가 의미하는 시사점을 근거로 수입대행쇼핑몰 운영에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 특성변수를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 설문조사를 통해 수집한 126개의 유효응답 자료를 SPSS 23.0통계패키지를 이용하여 실증분석 하였으며, 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수입대행쇼핑몰에서 취급하는 제품에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 국가 이미지와 소비자의 혁신성향, 가격지각이었으며, 브랜드 이미지는 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 수입대행쇼핑몰에서 취급하는 제품에 대한 태도는 구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 셋째 지각된 위험(경제적 위험, 제품성능 위험, 프라이버시 위험)은 제품에 대한 태도와 구매의도와의 관계에서 부분적으로 조절변수 역할을 한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.171-175
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• 2011

Server and Pi view management, external image and internal image Copy Import business in PACS room is through the medical assistance. Import and Copy, and in particular the number of cases is increasing the number of import is a fast growing trend. Although the increase in workload With limited human resources to increase business efficiency so Remote system is using PACS room. This remote system will want to evaluate the effectiveness of using the service. Amount of data each 437.5 MB, Copy and Import time is to compare and evaluate sees by use 1 PC. 4 PC, 4 PC+ remote system. The use of the remote system before the January 2010 to June daily average waiting time and the use of the remote system after the January 2011 to June compared to a daily average patient waiting time, evaluate. Using the remote system in January 2011 to June Find out the average remote utilization. The biggest difference on the four copy and eight continued, Were performed two times faster by use 4 PC+ remote system than use 4 PC and four times faster than use 1 PC. Before using the remote system, the daily average wait time is 14.5 minutes after using the daily average 10.2 minutes, waiting time 30% of the existing waiting time was 4.3 minutes, to reduce. Using the remote system in January 2011 to June the average daily number of cases is 107 number and The number of remote and on average 35 cases with 32% in a day remote usage. The use of the remote system to Import, CD Copy and greatly increase the efficiency of their time could be. Hours due to efficiency could also reduce customer waiting time. As a result, the manpower and the use of a remote system over time to maximize efficiency in business hours, work was evaluated by.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2022

Purpose - This paper empirically investigates the effect of a rise in the global value chain (GVC) on the industry-level efficiency of resource allocation (based on plant-level inefficiency measures) in Korea, with a focus on various channels through which a rise in the GVC can increase competition among firms and thus induce resources to be allocated more efficiently across firms. Design/methodology - We empirically investigate the relationship between the industry-specific importance of GVC and the industry-level allocative inefficiency that is measured as the dispersion of the plant-level marginal revenue of capital (MRK) as in Hsieh and Klenow's (2009) influential model. We compute MRK dispersion for industries sorted by various characteristics that are closely related to firm/industry sensitivity to the GVC. In other words, we compute the average industry-level MRK dispersion for industries sorted by industry-specific importance of GVC and compute the difference between the two groups of industries (higher vs. lower than the median GVC); we also calculate the difference between industries sorted by industry-specific export (import) intensity. This is our difference-in-difference estimate of the MRK dispersion associated with the GVC for the export (import)-intensive industry versus the non-export (non-import)-intensive industry. This difference-in-difference estimate of the MRK dispersion conditional vs. unconditional on firm-level productivity is then calculated further (triple-difference estimate). Findings - A rise in GVC is associated with a decrease in the MRK dispersion in the export-intensive industry compared to the non-export-intensive industry. The same is true for industries that rely heavily on imports versus those that do not (i.e., import intensive vs. non-intensive). Furthermore, the reduction in the MRK dispersion in the export-intensive industry associated with an increase in the GVC is disproportionately greater for high-productivity firms. In contrast, the negative relationship between GVC and MRK dispersion in the import-intensive industry is disproportionately smaller for high-productivity firms. Originality/value - Existing studies focus on the relationship between GVC and aggregate output, exports, and imports at the country level. We investigate detailed firm/industry-level mechanisms that determine the relationship between GVC, trade, and productivity. Using the plant-level data in South Korea, we investigate how GVC is related to the cross-firm MRK dispersion, an important measure of allocative inefficiency, based on Hsieh and Klenow's (2009) influential economic theory. This is the first study to provide plant-level evidence of how GVC affects MRK dispersion. Furthermore, we examine how the relationship between GVC and MRK-dispersion varies across export intensity, import intensity, and firm-level productivity, providing insight into how GVC can affect firms' exposure to competition in the global market differently depending on market conditions and thus generate trade-related productivity gains.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 워크플로우 관리 시스템의 빌드타임 기능에 속하는 모델링 시스템을 다중 에이전트 기반으로 구현하였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 다중 에이전트 기반 워크플로우 모델링 시스템은 클라이언트의 경량을 위하여 자바를 이용하였으며, 프로세스 정의에 필요한 세션, 조직, 관련데이터, 응용프로그램 속성들을 별도의 에이전트로 구성하였다 또한, 프로세스 정의를 위한 모델은 ICN(Information Control Net)을 이용하여 작성된 모델의 문법(syntax)를 검증하였으며, 타 워크플로우 엔진과의 연동을 위하여 WfMC에서 정의된 인터페이스 형태인 WPDL로 import/export할 수 있는 기능을 제공한다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

The purpose of this Study is to analyze the economic effect of the project for the establishment of the Convergence Zone of the Gyeongbuk Industry-University Convergence Area aimed at activation of R&D of companies within the Kumoh Technology Valley. As the result of the analysis, the investment of 56.837 Billion Won in the establishment of the Convergence Zone of the Gyeongbuk Industry-University Convergence Area had the effect on production inducement valued at 133.582 Billion Won, effect on added value inducement valued at 41.764 Billion Won, effect on import inducement valued at 16.794 Billion Won and the effect on employment inducement numbered at 4,992 persons.try.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.45-74
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• 2024

The import content of export (ICE) has served as an indicator of global integration for several decades. It is defined as the share of imported products embodied in exports and can be interpreted as the relative degree of the utilization of global production network (GPN) over the domestic supply chain (DSC) in terms of 'value-added.' This paper proposes two new indicators of global integration. They are defined as the ratios of imports (foreign products) to gross output (domestic products) generated by exports and can be interpreted as the relative degrees of the utilization of GPN over DSC in terms of 'production.' Both indicators are easy to compute and can be compared between years, between countries, between industries, and between groups of industries. The paper applies the new indicators to the recent edition of the OECD's Input-Output Database. Finally, the paper shows that the recent slowdown in international trade is mostly due to the decrease in the international trade of intermediate goods, with significant implications regarding the future of global integration.