• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.107-118
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• 2015

Many approaches to agent collaboration have been introduced in military war-games, and those approaches address methods for simulation entity (actor) collaboration within a team to achieve given goals. To meet fast-changing battlefield situations, an actor must be loosely coupled with their tasks and be able to take over the role of other actors if necessary to reflect role handovers occurring in real combat. Achieving these requirements allows the transfer of tasks assigned one actor to another actor in circumstances when that actor cannot execute its assigned role, such as when destroyed in action. Tight coupling between an actor and its tasks can prevent role handover in fast-changing situations. Unfortunately, existing approaches and war-game strictly assign tasks to actors during design, therefore they prevent the loose coupling. To overcome these shortcomings, our Role-based Command Hierarchy (ROCH) model dynamically assigns roles to actors based on their situation at runtime. In the model, "Role" separates actors from their tasks. In this paper, we implement the ROCH model as a component that uses a publish-subscribe pattern to handle the link between an actor and the roles of its subordinates (other actors).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.86-96
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• 2000

The representative area among the ones whose cost increases as the integration ratio increases is the test area. As the relative cost of hardware decreases, the BIST method has been focued on as the future-oriented test method. The biggest drawback of it is the increasing test time to obtain the acceptable fault coverage. This paper proposed a BIST implementation method to reduce the test times. This method uses an input grouping and test point insertion method, in which the definition of test point is different from the previous one. That is, the test points are defined on the basis of the internal nodes which are the reference points of the input grouping and are merging points of the grouped signals. The main algorithms in the proposed method were implemented with C-language, and various circuits were used to apply the proposed method for experiment. The results showed that the test time could be reduced to at most $1/2^{40}$ of the pseudo-random pattern case and the fault coverage were also increased compared with the conventional BIST method. The relative hardware overhead of the proposed method to the circuit under test decreases as th e size of the circuit to be tested increases, and the delay overhead by the BIST utility is negligible compared to that of the original circuit. That means, the proposed method can be applied efficiently to large VLSI circuits.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.28-33
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose the receiver algorithms suitable for the VHF (Very High Frequency) digital link mode-2(VDL Mode-2) system. Unlike conventional digital communication systems using the root raised cosine filter as a transmit and receive filter, raised cosine filter is used as a transmit filter in the VDL Mode-2 system. Hence, it is crucial to design and implement the optimum lowpass receive filter by considering inter-symbol interference and noise performance. On the other hand, due to the short preamble pattern, it is crucial to develop an efficient packet detection algorithm for reliable communication link for the VDL Mode-2 system. Also, frequency offset due to the carrier frequency difference between transmitter and receiver and doppler frequency shift must be estimated and compensated for reliable communication. In this paper, the optimum receive filter, packet detection and frequency offset compensation algorithms are proposed and the performance of the VDL system employing the proposed algorithms are evaluated.

• 모자간호학회지
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1994

Presently there is an increasing demand for home health care services due to changes in the demographic structure as a result of an increasing elderly population, socio-economic improvements, and changes in the family structure, as well as the growing number of people with degenerative diseases. In addition to these reasons, rising medical costs and there a shortage of patient beds space in the hospital, particularly since introduction of national medical insurance. There has been an increasing demand for health care health care services. This study was done to identify the basic data for home health care management. It focused on developing client selection criteria, assessment tools, and recording methods. This was accomplished by the researchers visiting the patients in their homes. The research process included preparation investigation, tool development, training of the project researcher, and visiting the clients in their homes. The research tools are as follows : 1. Record development : a) The selection criteria tool for home health care of postpartum women was a structured tool and consisted of four parts. b) The structured assessment tool consisted of a general items, obstetric history, past medical history, methods of feeding, medications taken before admission, laboratory test results, discharge instructions, discharge medications, family tree, economic status, environmental status, a map, health assessment of postpartum women and their newborns. c) The visit note I consisted of the frequency of visits. Visit note II consisted of the date ; nursing problems ; nursing process including the initial assessment ; nursing goal ; visit plan ; postpartum women and their neonate health status, diagnosis, goal, implementation, evaluation, summary, next plan, for visit revision. d) Problem note consisted of the date, problem numbers, nursing diagnosis, problem appearance date problem resolution date. The research results are as follows : 1. Nursing problems : The nursing problems of the postpartum women and their neonates were evaluated by the number of nursing diagnoses and the change in the pattern of nursing diagnosis related to the number of visits. a) Nursing diagnosis The nursing diagnosis was classified according to physical function, psychosocial function, family system maintained function. b) The changes of nursing diagnosis related to the number of visits. As the type of nursing diagnosis changed related to the number of visits the number of nursing diagnoses decreased. 2. Contents of home health care : The content was categorized according to assessment, direct care, counseling, education, family care, reporting to with the attending doctor. The recommendations based on the research results are as follows : 1. Tool development Replication of this study is needed to test the validity of the assessment tools used. 2. Home visit a) Home health care nurses should be licensed and qualified. A referral form from the attending doctor is needed for legal protection of nurses. b) The first home visit need to be within 24 hours of discharge from the hospital to decrease the anxiety of frightened postpartum women. c) When the changes occur in the newborn's status, home health care nurses should consult a pediatrician. Communication within the home healthcare team is essential and needs to consistent and done smoothly. 3. Home health care A Study is required to develop protocols for education of staff and for operation of all aspects of this program.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.11 s.114
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• pp.1021-1029
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• 2006

In this paper, we designed and implemented a dual wideband dipole type antenna for the reception of S-DMB (Satellite Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) and 2.4/5 GHz WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network) signals. The proposed antenna based on conventional monopole type dual band antenna was implemented as planar wideband dipole type antenna with the volume of $8{\times}33.8{\times}1.68mm^3$. The proposed antenna is printed type on FR4 substrate of 1.6 mm thick and composed of a dipole type antenna for low frequency band and two symmetric structured resonance elements for high frequency band. We confirmed antenna area with dense surface current for each frequency band with simulation. By varying the length of the antenna area with dense surface current, we could vary resonance frequency of each frequency band separately. Impedance bandwidths$(VSWR{\leq}2)$ are 362 MHz(14.23 %) for 2 GHz band and 1188 MHz(22.13, %) for 5 GHz band which show wideband characteristic. Measured maximum gains were 4.33 dBi for 2 GHz band and 5.48 dBi for 5 GHz band which showed improved performance. And the implemented antenna has a good omni-directional radiation pattern characteristic.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.664-675
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to explore the nurses' perception of flexible working and present an operational guideline for implementation. The data were collected from a survey of 532 nurses conducted from 10 February to 24 February, 2015, using simple random sampling. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the data. This study found that the demanding for shorter hour shifts was highest ($M=3.89{\pm}0.87$) and 242 participants (46.2%) intended to apply the shift, followed by a fixed night shift, fixed weekend shift, and 12 hour shift. The common reasons identified were the poor environment of shift work and the challenges of child care. The increased time for personal development, relaxation activity to improve the quality of life and child care was highlighted and work-life balance was noted as a positive impact of flexible working. The negative impacts of flexible working were being likely to become temporary workers. These results can help establish uniform working conditions of nurses in the future by providing a standardized operational guideline as a precondition for reasonable compensation and working environment according to a flexible working pattern.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.7 s.110
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• pp.821-830
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• 2006

As internet worms are spread out worldwide, the detection and filtering of worms becomes one of hot issues in the internet security. As one of implementation methods to detect worms, the Linux Netfilter kernel module can be used. Its basic operation for worm detection is a string matching where coming packet(s) on the network is/are compared with predefined worm signatures(patterns). A worm can appear in a packet or in two (or more) succeeding packets where some part of worm is in the first packet and its remaining part is in its succeeding packet(s). Assuming that the maximum length of a worm pattern is less than 1024 bytes, we need to perform a string matching up to two succeeding packets of 2048 bytes. To do so, Linux Netfilter keeps the previous packet in buffer and performs matching with a combined 2048 byte string of the buffered packet and current packet. As the number of concurrent connections to be handled in the worm detection system increases, the total size of buffer (memory) increases and string matching speed becomes low In this paper, to reduce the memory buffer size and get higher speed of string matching, we propose a string matching scheme without using buffer. The proposed scheme keeps the partial matching result of the previous packet with signatures and has no buffering for previous packet. The partial matching information is used to detect a worm in the two succeeding packets. We implemented the proposed scheme by modifying the Linux Netfilter. Then we compared the modified Linux Netfilter module with the original Linux Netfilter module. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has 25% lower memory usage and 54% higher speed compared to the original scheme.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.37-47
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• 2013

This Study analyzed the electric car effect on the Korea Expressway System in terms of year 2020 $CO_2$ emission. The analysis was based on the green car dissemination goal by the government and year 2010 emission statistics. Major contents performed in the study area were as follows. First, the greenhouse gases emitted from the highways were found to be approximately 17.3 million tons of $CO_2$ as of 2010. Analysis showed the emission would be 17.4 million tons in 2015 and 16.2 million tons in 2020. The results in the pattern reflect the effect of O/D on the KTBD and the trend of traffic increase from 2015 to 2020 followed by decrease in 2020. Second, in the case of greenhouse gas emission with the anticipated supply of electric cars, the amount of emission in 2015 will be 17.1 million tons, which is about 2.0% reduction compared to the lack of introduction of electric cars. The analysis also showed that in 2020, the amount of emission will be 14.2 million tons, which indicates the effect of reduction is 12.8% compared to non implementation of the program.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.49-60
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• 1995

Features of geological lineaments generally play an important role at the data interpretation concerned geological processes, mineral exploration or natural hazard risk estimation. However, there are intrinsically discordances between lineaments-related features extracted from surficial geological syrvey and those from satellite imagery;nevertheless, any data set contained those information should not be considred as less meaningful within their own task. For the purpose of effective utilization task of extracted lineaments, the mathematical scheme, based on fuzzy set theory, for practical integration of various types of rasterized data sets is studied. As a real application, the geological map named Homyeong sheet(1:50,000) and the Landset TM imageries covering same area were used, and then lineaments-related data sets such as lineaments on the geological map, lineaments extracted from a false-color image composite satellite, and major drainage pattern were utilized. For data fusion process, fuzzy membership functions of pixel values in each data set were experimentally assigned by percentile, and then fuzzy algebraic sum operator was tested. As a result, integrated lineaments by this well-known operator are regarded as newly-generated reasonable ones. Conclusively, it was thought that the implementation within available GISs, or the stand-alone module for general applications of this simple scheme can be utilized as an effective scheme can be utilized as an effective scheme for further studies for spatial integration task for providing decision-supporting information, or as a kind of spatial reasoning scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2019

Lithium metal anode with the highest theoretical capacity to replace graphite anodes are being reviewed. However, the dendrite growth during repeated oxidation/reduction reaction on lithium metal surface, which results in poor cycle performance and safety issue has hindered its successful implementation. In our previous work, we solved this problem by using surface modification technique whereby a surface pattern on lithium metal anode is introduced. Although the micro-patterned Lithium metal electrode is beneficial to control Li metal deposition efficiently, it is difficult to control the mossy-like Li granulation at high current density ($>2.0mA\;cm^{-2}$). In this study, we introduce vinylene carbonate (VC) electrolyte additive on micro patterned lithium metal anode to suppress the lithium dendrite growth. Owing to the synergetic effect of micro-patterned lithium metal anode and VC electrolyte additive, lithium dendrite at a high current density is dense. As a result, we confirmed that the cycle performance was further improved about 6 times as compared with the reference electrode.