• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.1210-1216
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• 2001

The impinging tones by high-speed plane jets are investigated for the characteristics of edgetone generation based on experimental observations. Experiment has been performed for edgetones with a slit nozzle and a wedge system. The jet in the experiment is varied from low to high subsonic speed to obtain the effect of the speed on the frequency characteristics of impinging tones. The experimental data obtained previously for edgetones and platetones by various nozzles are compared with the present edgetone data for the condition of tone generation, the frequency ranges and the effective source point. It is found that the jet speed has no fundamental influence on the impinging tone characteristics. Regardless of the jet speed, the effective source point is about a quarter wavelength downstream from the edge tip. With increase in jet speed, the influence of the nozzle configuration is decreased and the operating frequencies show good coincidencies by normalized parameters based on the slit thickness.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.427-438
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• 1994

This experimental study was earned out to examine the heat transfer characteristics of a 2-dimensional impinging air jet on a flat plate with a set of square rods. The objectives of the study were to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics caused by the square rods and to find out the optimum rods arrangement. Experiment was carried out first without using the rods to establish the baseline heat transfer performance. Then, rods of different widths and clearances were installed to cause the turbulence on the fluid flow.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.260-267
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of jet flow and heat transfer caused by trapezoid rods array in impinging jet system. In this study, trapezoid rods have been set up in front of flat plate to serve as a turbulence promoter. The bottom width of trapezoid rod was W=4, 8mm and oblique angle were $80^{\circ}$. The space from rods to the heating surface was C=1, 2, 4mm, the pitch between each rods was P=30, 40, 50mm, and the distance from nozzle exit to flat plate was H=100, 500mm. This results were compared with the case without trapezoid rods. As a result, when rods are installed in front of the impinging plate, the acceleration of the jet flow and the eddies due to the rods seem to contribute to the heat transfer enhancement. Among test conditions, the heat transfer performance was best for the condition of W=8mm, C=1mm, P=30mm and H/B=10. The maximum heat transfer rate is about 1.9 times larger than that without trapezoid rods.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.904-913
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of jet flow and heat transfer caused by trapezoid rods array in impinging jet system. In this study, trapezoid rods have been set up in front of flat plate to serve as a turbulence promoter. The bottom width of trapezoid rod was W=4, 8 mm and oblique angle were 80$^{\circ}$. The space from rods to the heating surface was C=1, 2, 4 mm, the pitch between each rods was P=30, 40, 50 mm, and the distance from nozzle exit to flat plate was H=100, 500 mm. This results were compared with the case without trapezoid rods. As a result, when rods are installed in front of the impinging plate, the acceleration of the jet flow and the eddies due to the rods seem to contribute to the heat transfer enhancement. Among test conditions, the heat transfer performance was best for the condition of W=8 mm, C=1 mm, P=30 mm and H/B=10. The maximum heat transfer rate is about 1.9 times larger than that without trapezoid rods.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.152-161
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• 2004

The thermal load is a very important problem to be solved in many industrial systems including the electronic equipment. Impinging Jets have been known to provide a large heat transfer rates on surface for many years. The turbulence enhancement of fluid flow is requested for the efficiency elevation of heat transfer. A study on flow fields by rods attached to the wall surface as a promoter of turbulence enhancement has been carried out. The exact analysis on chracteristics of impinging jet field is requested to obtain the optimum design of the impinging jet system. By visualizing the flow field and processing the high digital image by computer PIV can afford exact data on the velocity vector kinetic energy and turbulence intensity in the complex turbulence field. In this study. three kinds of rod shape such as square. triangle. and semicircle are selected as the turbulence promoter. Nozzle diameters are 10mm. 17mm. and 23mm. And the analysis of the flow characteristics due to the above rods is carried out at Re No. 2.000, 3.000. and 4,000 by PIV measurement. It is clarified that the rod setup is very useful to obtain the turbulence enhancement and the turbulence intensity according to the shapes of rod appears large in order of the shapes of rod such as square 〉 triangle 〉semicircle.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.55-61
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• 2003

Heat transfer characteristics for an air jet vertically impinging on a flat plate with a set of hybrid rods was investigated numerically using the RNG k-$\varepsilon$turbulent model. A commercial finite-volume code FLUENT is used. The rods had cross sections of half circular and rectangular shapes. The heating surface was heated with a constant heat flux value of $1020W/m^2$. Parameters investigated were the jet Reynolds number, nozzle -to-plate spacing, the rod pitch and rod-to-plate clearance. The local and average Nusselt number were found to be dependent on the rod pitch and the clearance because installing rods disturbed the flow. Higher convective heat transfer rate occurred in the whole plate as well as in the wall jet region.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.508-513
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• 2003

Experiments are performed to investigate the detailed structure of underexpanded twin jet impinging on a perpendicular flat plate. The major parameters, such as nozzle operating pressure and nozzle spacing, are varied to create different jet flow fields resulted from the complicated interactions of the twin jets. From the surface pressure measurements and shadowgraphs taken by schlieren optical system, the jet structure is strongly dependent on the nozzle operation pressure and the spacing. The results obtained show that the closer nozzle spacing may induce to decrease the diameter of the Mach disk within the first shock cell in the underexpanded twin jet. With the increasing nozzle operating pressure and decreasing the nozzle spacing, a new shock wave appears at the entrainment region between the two jets, due to the enhancement of mixing effect of the both jets. The closer nozzle spacing makes the overall impinging pressure level higher, while severe pressure oscillation along the axis of symmetry. Furthermore it is recommended the wider spacing to obtain higher thrust under the present experimental conditions.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.241-244
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• 2009

This study is focused on the improving effectiveness of a photovoltaic system. The characteristic of crystalline silicon solar cells, that 0.5% reduction in generating power is occurred by increasing temperature $1^{\circ}C$ of module. Typically, average solar generating power is higher spring and fall than summer. Degradation phenomena shall shorten the life of the module when the temperature of modules is $70^{\circ}C$. Decreasing temperature 40degree of the module and increasing the solar power 20% was presented using the water impinging jet method on the surface of photovoltaic cells. It is shown that Impinging jet have an effected on heat and deliver effective substance from the area in which the injection is effective.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.239-246
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• 2010

When galvanized steel strip is produced through a continuous hot-dip galvanizing process, the thickness of the adhered zinc film is controlled by impinging a thin plane nitrogen gas jet. The thickness of the zinc film is generally affected by impinging pressure distribution, its gradient and shearing stress at the steel strip. These factors are influenced by static pressure of gas spraying at air knife nozzle, a nozzle-to-strip distance and strip and a geometric shape of the air knife, as well. At industries, galvanized steel strip is produced by changing static pressure of gas and a distance between the air knife nozzle and strip based on experimental values but remaining a geometric shape of nozzle. Splashing and check-mark strain can generally occur when a distance between the air knife nozzle and strip is too short, while ability of zinc removal can lower due to pressure loss of impinging jet when a distance between the air knife nozzle and strip is too long. In present study, buckling of the jet and change of static pressure are observed by analyzing flow characteristics of the impinging jet. The distance from the nozzle exit to the strip varies from 6 mm to 16 mm by an increment of 2 mm. Moreover, final coating thickness with change of a distance between the air knife nozzle and strip is compared with each case. An ability of zinc removal with the various distances is predicted by numerically calculating the final coating thickness.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.395-403
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• 1991

The purpose of this investigation was to characterize nucleate boiling and burn-out heat flux for rectangular free jet with saturated water impinging perpendicularly and upward against a flat uniform heat flux surface. Heat flux measured for Reynolds number based on rectangular nozzle width and for aspect ratio. The result of nucleate boiling heat transfer was presented nondimensional experimental equation including Nusselt, Boiling, Subcooling, Reynolds and Weber number. The effect of aspect ratio of heated surface in the burn-out heat flux had not appeared distinctly. But for the same aspect ratio, burn-out heat flux increased linearly with increment of nozzle exit velocity.