• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2008

The life cycle assessment method for environmental impact assessment was used, in this study, to assess the production process of wheat flour which is the most important material in the food industry. Environmental impact assessments were compared between that of the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea (method I) with that of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (method II). Life cycle inventories (LCI) was performed using internal and external databases and the production statistics database of company S. The procedure of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) was followed in terms of classification, characterization, normalization and weighting to identify the key issues. The impact categories of method I were divided into 8 categories with consideration of : abiotic resources depletion, global warming, ozone depletion, photochemical oxidant creation, acidification and eutrophication. The impact categories of method II were divided into 10 categories with consideration of: abiotic resources depletion, global warming, ozone depletion, photochemical oxidant creation, acidification, eutrophication, human toxicity, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, marine aquatic ecotoxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 1993

During the last years it became more and more difficult to deal with environmental conflicts using traditional political instruments in industrialized countries. One reason for the occurring problems might be the citizens' awareness of scarceness of nature. Another reason might be the changing legislation with the introduction of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) as an integral part of a project's licensing procedure. The EIA offers new possibilities for citizens to interfere in decision processes and to obstruct projects. The changing situation requires new instruments for conflict solving. Mediation may be considered an alternative or completion to the traditional political instruments. It is a systematic strategy for conflict treatment and. with the support of an independent mediator, allows to reach an agreement among all parties involved. Mediation may be introduced in the EIA One possibility offers the scoping date, which, if the participation of the public is assured, might avoid heavy disputes in the further process. Another connection between the instrument of mediation and the EIA could be the use of the environmental impact study (EIS) as information background for a mediation process. EIA would then be source of information about all environmental aspects. Thus the role of EIA would be extended to being a part of conflict analysis in the alternative dispute resolution process.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 1994

Environmental Impact Assessment is composed of screening, scoping, inventory survey, prediction, assessment, alternative assessment, mitigation measure, and post management. Environmental monitoring data is applied to EIA process such as prediction and post management. It must he collected and managed systematically for effective applying in EIA process. This article explains factors such as air quality, water quality, soil, ocean, odor, noise & vibration, ecosystem, etc. and organizations of environmental monitoring managed by Ministry of Environment.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 1995

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Korea has worked toward environmental conservation and decision making since the Environmental Impact Statement of 1981. In order to implement the EIA process effectively, we have developed a system for and various methods of EIA. Among these methods, the Environmental Information System, which was introduced recently in Korea, can be used to integrate geographic and attribute data effectively. This study includes methods by which we may use the Environmental Information System. First of all, it explains building EIA factors on the natural environment, the living environment, and the socio-economic environment defined by Environmental Impact Statement regulations in Korea. This study also presents some applications of the assessment methods concerning suitability analysis of landfill sites. Finally, it shows the effectiveness of the Environmental Information System in odor impact assessment. Based on these analysis, the study makes some conclusions for the applications of the Environmental Information System.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.13-25
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• 1993

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) serves to identify a project's possible effects on the environment early enough sufficiently allowing for them to be taken into account in the decision-making process. The EIA in Germany is an instrument of environmental Policy which considers nature as an integrated system (ecosystem). In the german process of developing environmental policy, the EIA has been one of the instruments which introduced by law rather late. This means that the German Law of EIA has been made in 1900, 20 years after the beginning of the environmental policy in Germany. In the following paper I intend to ${\cdot}$ explain the basic concept of the EIA in Germany ${\cdot}$ describe the process of law building for EIA ${\cdot}$ give a short overview of applications and experiences with EIA ${\cdot}$ show the links between EIA and general environmental policy in Germany.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.265-276
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• 2013

This study assessed documentation status of each environmental assessment items by analyzing the 243 case of marine EIS on the Consultation System of Sea Area Utilization. Observed rate of tidal elevation, current, temperature, salinity in maine environment were below 20%. The EFDC tool is applied substantially in hydrodynamic modeling. The verification process, however, is very insufficient using the recent observed data. Also, in-situ assessment rate of pelagic organism such as phytoplankton was below 50%, and assessment for Chlorophyll a was not accomplished. Ecological index evaluation for zooplankton and benthic ecosystem were not considered in statements. Especially, the rational assessment on the fisheries resources and protected species were very limited. It was necessary that the core assessment items (checklists) were established for environmental scoping. Furthermore, suggestion of information related to development, regional coastal management plan, aquaculture farms, and facilities were enhanced. The redundancy problem of proceedings between Environmental Impact Assessment and Sea Area Utilization Assessment System was improved.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 1992

As the environmental concerns in Korea have shifted gradually from the environmental pollutions to the quality of life (QOL) enhancement, it has become increasingly important to implement comprehensive assessment of environmental quality as possible. This is the major reason to develop Environmental Assessment Index. This study focuses on indices development of factors in Environmental Impact Statement Preparation Regulation. Environment in this regulation is composed of natural environment, life environment and socio-economic environment, and it is composed of 22 factors. EAI(Environmental Assessment Index)studied in this research is integrated by 16 factors. It will contribute to public participation in Environmental Impact Assessment process and environmental policy.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

This study, focusing on the area expansion of limestone mines, identifies the problems of Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) and what impact the current problems exert on another mines developing process. The legal relations analysis reveals that the Management of Mountainous Districts Act and other related laws effect on EIA process, especially the case of area expansion of limestone mines excluded from EIA. However, these problems can create mismatch with the policy goal of EIA system and have a negative impact on the environment in the future. A series of indepth interviews with managers in related agencies found that those agencies have been unaware of the seriousness of the problem. Without any strategy, negative result made by development activities would get more serious and sustainable development may not be possible at all. In order to solve these problems, government should modify the current interdependent legal provision and create the incentive structure to participate actively related agency in the EIA system.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.957-970
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• 2016

This study diagnosed the status of marine environmental impact assessment(MEIA) for project near the habitat of marine protected seagrass species such as Zostera caespitosa, Zostera asiatica, Phyllospadix iwatensis. For the preparation of a marine environmental impact statement, different monitoring parameters are used without any specific guideline for the assessment of current status. And also, both tools and techniques for MEIA are needed to improve for implementing. The monitoring plans and parameters are not considered well with the accuracy of the environmental predictions and effectiveness of any applicable mitigation measures. This study suggested the reasonable standard of the MEIA for the conservation of the marine protected seagrass species which have the habitat located near affected area. The inshore seagrasses need to be monitored including shoot count based on the "No Net Loss of Seagrass" as part of the monitoring parameters to assess the status of marine environment of environmental impact statement. In a process of effect prediction, we suggested a concentration of 10 mg/L suspended solids which added by the new developmental project near seagrasses habitat, referring to study of overseas case. But a further study for an appropriate standard is necessary effectively. In a mitigating process, priority needs to be considered in order of avoidance, minimization, reduction, compensation. In a post-monitoring process, it is necessary to monitor the seagrass species abundance to identify the variation of b/a (before and after) project. And in a case of implementing transplantation, survival rate need to be included to determine a success of project.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.129-141
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• 2007

With its more than 35 years of experience with EIA of NEPA in United States, the extensive knowledge base of EIA could be the most suitable place for initial field of HIA to explore lessons available for. However, caution is needed as the technical differences in analysis, different policy context, and distinct professional culture between EIA and HIA might be. The successe of EIA of NEPA is the integration of environmental goals into decision making process, improved planning, and increased transparency and public involvement, whereas shortcomings of it were defined as the excessive volume and complexity of EIA documents, the limited and adversarial public involvement, the procedural process (not substantive), focus on projects (not on policies and programs), and the limited consideration of health impacts. Integrating HIA into existing EIA process is positive in two reasons that the human health is closely related with natural environment and EIA process is a fully established process that effectively cuts across bureaucratic and sectoral boundaries. Also, integrating of HIA into EIA might be a way with least resistance for the widespread use. A freestanding HIA separated from EIA is desirable in terms of excessive volume of EIA documents and the procedural and legal focus of EIA. It is needed to develop the formulated methodologies for advancing HIA whether it is a part of or separated from EIA, and to estimate the potential values of HIA in the substantial society context. When possible, HIA should be established on the ways that EIAs have been used successfully.