• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2002년도 제9회 학술 발표회 프로그램과 논문초록
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• pp.39-39
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• 2002

Microglia are known to have an important function as brain macrophage during immunological processes, oncogenesis, and regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). A wide variety of ion channels have been identified and characterized in microglia including inward rectifier $K^{＋}$ channel (Kir), voltage dependent $K^{＋}$ channel (Kv), $Ca^{2＋}$-release activated $Ca^{2＋}$ channel (CRAC).(omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.816-820
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• 2018

The stringent response (SR), which is activated by accumulation of (p)ppGpp under conditions of growth-inhibiting stresses, plays an important role on growth and virulence in Vibrio cholerae. Herein, we carried out a genome-wide screen using transposon random mutagenesis to identify genes controlled by SR in a (p)ppGpp-overproducing mutant strain. One of the identified SR target genes was flaC encoding flagellin. Genetic studies using flaC and SR mutants demonstrated that FlaC was involved in bacterial growth, toxin production, and normal flagellum function under conditions of high (p)ppGpp levels, suggesting FlaC plays an important role in SR-induced pathogenicity in V. cholerae.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Panax ginseng Meyer, belonging to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae, is known for its human immune system-related effects, such as immune-boosting effects. Ginseng polysaccharides (GPs) are the responsible ingredient of ginseng in immunomodulation, and are classified as acidic and neutral GPs. Although GPs participate in various immune reactions including the stimulation of immune cells and production of cytokines, the precise function of GPs together with its potential receptor(s) and their signal transduction pathways have remained largely unknown. Animal lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar moieties. Among many different biological functions in vivo, animal lectins especially play important roles in the immune system by recognizing carbohydrates that are found exclusively on pathogens or that are inaccessible on host cells. This review summarizes the immunological activities of GPs and the diverse roles of animal lectins in the immune system, suggesting the possibility of animal lectins as the potential receptor candidates of GPs and giving insights into the development of GPs as therapeutic biomaterials for many immunological diseases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1124-1131
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• 2016

In this study, the global proteome of the IPEC-J2 cell line was evaluated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole Q Exactive^™ Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Proteins were isolated from highly confluent IPEC-J2 cells in biological replicates and analyzed by label-free mass spectrometry prior to matching against a porcine genomic dataset. The results identified 1,517 proteins, accounting for 7.35% of all genes in the porcine genome. The highly abundant proteins detected, such as actin, annexin A2, and AHNAK nucleoprotein, are involved in structural integrity, signaling mechanisms, and cellular homeostasis. The high abundance of heat shock proteins indicated their significance in cellular defenses, barrier function, and gut homeostasis. Pathway analysis and annotation using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database resulted in a putative protein network map of the regulation of immunological responses and structural integrity in the cell line. The comprehensive proteome analysis of IPEC-J2 cells provides fundamental insights into overall protein expression and pathway dynamics that might be useful in cell adhesion studies and immunological applications.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.48-58
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• 2023

Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) integrates both immunological and non-immunological inputs to control cell survival and death. Small GTPases are versatile functional switches that lie on the very upstream in signal transduction pathways, of which duration of activation is very transient. The large number of homologous proteins and the requirement for site-directed mutagenesis have hindered attempts to investigate the link between small GTPases and IRF3. Here, we constructed a constitutively active mutant expression library for small GTPase expression using Gibson assembly cloning. Small-scale screening identified multiple GTPases capable of promoting IRF3 phosphorylation. Intriguingly, 27 of 152 GTPases, including ARF1, RHEB, RHEBL1, and RAN, were found to increase IRF3 phosphorylation. Unbiased screening enabled us to investigate the sequence-activity relationship between the GTPases and IRF3. We found that the regulation of IRF3 by small GTPases was dependent on TBK1. Our work reveals the significant contribution of GTPases in IRF3 signaling and the potential role of IRF3 in GTPase function, providing a novel therapeutic approach against diseases with GTPase overexpression or active mutations, such as cancer.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1992

톨루엔의 폭로가 인체의 면역기능에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아 보기 위하여 톨루엔 취급자 21명과 일반 사무직 근로자 12명에 대하여 혈액 및 말초혈액 림프구의 subpopulation에 대하여 조사하였다. 혈액소견은 두 군 모두 정상범위로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. CD4 림프구 세포의 비율은 두 군에서 유사하였으며 T와 B림프구 및 CD8 림프구 세포의 비율은 폭로군에서 약간 낮았으나, 두 군 모두 정상 범위로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 폭로군에서 T 림프구 및 CD4 세포의 비율은 근무기간이 길수록 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 본 연구의 폭로군에서 림프구의 subpopulation은 전반적으로 비폭로군보다 약간 낮은 경향은 있었지만, 정상범위에 해당하였으므로 톨루엔에 폭로되었을 때 인체에 대한 면역기능은 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 생각되어진다. 그러나 폭로기간에 따라 면역기능이 변동하는 것으로 보아 톨루엔이 인체의 면역기능에 미치는 영향에 관한 지속적인 연구가 이루어져야 하겠다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.325-329
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• 2002

남해안에서 다량 생산되고 있는 김(Porphyra yezoensis)의 생리활성 물질은 porphyran을 분리 추출한 후, 흰쥐에서 고지혈증 및 고 콜레스테롤혈증을 유발시켜 간장의 항산화 효소활성 및 면역능을 측정하였다. 간의 효소활성 측정을 위해 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 9마리씩 5군으로 나누어 1군은 정상군, 2군은 대조군(고지혈증 유발군), 3, 4 및 5군은 porphyran 급이군으로서 대조군에 porphyran을 각각 1%, 5% 및 10%의 비율로 사료에 첨가하여 4주간 사육하였다. 면역능은 Balb/c female mouse를 이용하여 3마리씩 4군으로 대조군 및 porphyran 1%, 2% 및 5%로 조제된 시료를 실험동물에게 2일에 1회 1mL씩 복강 주사를 연속적으로 20일간 투여한 후 비교하였다. 혈청중의 alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) 및 lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) 활성은 대조군에 비해 porphyran 급이군에서 낮았으며, porphyran의 급이 수준이 증가할수록 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 경향을 보였다. 간장의 superoxide dismutase와 catalase활성은 정상군에 비하여 대조군이 유의하게 높았으나, 대조군에 비해 porphyran 급이군에서는 낮았으며, 특히 10% porphyran 급이군에서는 정상군 수준으로 유의하게 감소되었다. TBARS 역시 대조군에 비해 porphyran 급이군 모두 유의하게 감소하였으며, 정상군 수준이하로 감소되었다. Interleukin-1농도는 porphyran 2% 및 5%를 투여한 흰쥐의 혈청에서 정상군보다 각각 26.81%, 77.95%의 증가를 나타내었으나, Interleukin-2는 감소하였다. 본 연구 결과에서 porphyran 급이는 고지혈증을 유발한 흰쥐에서 과산화물 농도를 저하시켜 항산화 효소활성을 낮추었으며, 면역능에서 일정한 현상은 나타나지 않았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.596-608
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• 2003

Weaning is a complex phase when the mammal suffers the action of different stressors that contribute to negatively affect the efficiency of the intestinal mucosa and of the whole local integrated system, that acts as barrier against any nocuous agent. The components of this barrier are mechanical, chemical, and bacteriological; immunological and not. The development of contact with a saprophyte microflora and the maintenance of feed intake after the interruption of motherly nutrition are essential for the maturation of an equilibrated local immune function and for a functional integrity of villi. Opportunities and limits of some dietary strategies that can contribute to reduce negative effects of weaning on health and performance are discussed. Knowledges on the possible mechanism of action of probiotics are upgraded, particularly for their supposed role in the balance between different immune functions (effectory/regulatory). Some tools to control pathogen microflora are reviewed (acids, herbs, immunoglobulin sources) and practical feeding systems are proposed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2011

The ultimate function of the endometrium is to allow the implantation of a blastocyst and to support pregnancy. Cycles of tissue remodeling ensure that the endometrium is in a receptive state during the putative 'implantation window', the few days of each menstrual cycle when an appropriately developed blastocyst may be available to implant in the uterus. A successful pregnancy requires strict temporal regulation of maternal immune function to accommodate a semi-allogeneic embryo. To preparing immunological tolerance at the onset of implantation, tight temporal regulations are required between the immune and endocrine networks. This review will discuss about the action of steroid hormones on the human endometrium and particularly their role in regulating the inflammatory processes associated with endometrial receptivity.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 1999

This study has been carried out to investigate Brain in Nei-jing. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Kidney energy becomes the marrow by warm caring function of Meong-mun(命門) and the marrow becomes brain by ascending and gathering between a hole Back-hoi(百會) and a hole pung-ji(風池) 2. Brain is a sea of the marrow that five vital organs are eraporated togather. 3. In Nei-jing(內經), there is a explanation the connectin between brain and mind, thanking by drawing in a concept of head. 4. Brain regulrates physical excercise. 5. There is a direct connection between brain and biosis. 6. Brain achieves function of sense, relating with the five sensory organs. 7. Brain controls a change of emotion. 8. Brain has immunological function.