• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.1521-1527
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• 2012

본 연구에서 12종류의 생약재 중 대식세포를 활성화시켜 NO 생성능이 높은 감초, 건지황, 당귀, 도라지, 목천료 5종의 생약재를 선별하였다. 선별된 5종의 생약추출물의 성분을 실험한 결과 단백질, 다당 물질의 함유량이 감초(58.1%), 건지황(90.4%), 당귀(87.4%), 도라지(41.3%), 목천료(85.7%)로 대부분 고분자 물질이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 생약추출물이 대식세포를 활성화시켜 면역을 증진시키는 효과를 알아보기 위해 RAW 264.7세포와 T세포를 이용하여 면역활성능 관련 지표를 측정한 결과 5종의 생약재를 RAW 264.7 세포에 처리하였을 때 면역 활성의 지표가 되는 NO, cytokine(TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-10)의 생성이 추출물을 처리하지 않은 대조군에 비해 증가되었고, Molt-4 세포에 처리하였을 때 대조군에 비해 세포가 증식되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 고분자 물질인 단백질과 다당으로 이루어진 생약추출물을 섭취 시 외부로부터 침입한 항원이 들어오기 이전에 면역세포를 자극하여 활성을 증가시켜 면역매개물질을 생성하여 인체의 비특이적 면역반응을 증가시킴으로써 항원을 공격, 제거하는 등의 작용을 통해 자연 면역반응에 있어 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2021

본 연구에서 금화규 뿌리 추출물(AMR)이 마우스 대식세포인 RAW264.7 세포의 활성화 유도를 통한 면역증진 활성과 마우스 지방전구세포인 3T3-L1 세포의 지질축적억제를 통한 항비만 활성을 평가하였다. 금화규 뿌리 추출물(AMR)은 전반적으로 RAW264.7 세포에서 TLR2/TLR4의 자극을 통해 p38과 JNK를 활성화시켜 NO, iNOS, IL-1𝛽, IL-6, TNF-𝛼와 같은 면역증진 인자의 발현을 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 IL-6의 경우, p38과 JNK 활성화에 의존하지 않는 것으로 확인되어 TLR2/4에 의한 다른 신호전달이 관여하는 것으로 사료되어 추가적인 연구가 필요하다. 또한, 금화규 뿌리 추출물(AMR)은 PPAR𝛾의 과대발현을 억제하여 지방전구세포의 성숙한 지방세포로의 분화를 억제하고, 성숙한 지방세포에서 CEBP𝛼, PPAR𝛾, perilipin-1, FABP4, adiponectin의 발현을 억제하여 지방세포 내 지질 형성 및 축적을 억제하는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구를 통해 구명된 결과들은 금화규 뿌리 추출물(AMR)이 향후 면역증진 및 항비만을 위한 보조제 또는 건강 기능성 식품과 의약품으로의 개발 및 활용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.745-754
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• 2021

면역 기능의 저하는 각종 감염에 대한 저항력의 부족을 초래하여 다양한 질병 유발에 기여하며, 면역 억제제의 부작용을 감소시키거나 면역력을 높이기 위해 면역 조절 생체 물질이 사용되고 있다. 침향은 침향나무의 방향족수지 부분이며 전통적으로 다양한 질병을 치료하기 위한 목적으로 사용되어왔다. 비록 선행 연구들에 의하여 침향이 신체의 면역력을 향상시킬 수 있다는 사실이 밝혀졌지만 이에 대한 근거는 여전히 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 인도네시아에서 구입한 A. malaccensisd 침향 메탄올 추출물의 면역 자극 효과를 RAW 264.7 대식세포 모델에서 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 침향 추출물은 세포 독성이 없는 조건에서 식작용을 현저하게 향상시켰으며다. 또한 침향 추출물 처리된 RAW 264.7 세포는 활성화된 대식세포의 전형적인 형태를 보였으며, iNOS 발현 증가에 따른 NO 생성의 생성을 크게 증가시켰다. 아울러 TNF-α, IL-1β 및 IL-6과 같은 cytokine의 발현과 분비를 증가시켰으며, MAPKs 신호 전달 경로를 활성화시켰다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 고대 서적을 기반으로 침향의 효과를 확인하는 데 중요한 의미가 있으며, 침향이 잠재적인 면역 강화 효과가 있다는 근거를 제시하는 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1671-1676
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• 2012

9 종류의 종자 중 대식세포를 자극하여 NO 생성능이 높은 메밀, 민들레, 봉선화, 해바라기 4종의 종자를 선별하였다. 선별된 4종의 종자 추출물이 RAW 264.7 세포를 활성화시켜 면역을 증진시키는 효과를 알아보기 위해 RAW 264.7 세포와 T세포를 이용하여 면역 활성능 관련 지표를 조사하였다. 4종의 종자를 대식세포에 처리하였을 때 면역 활성의 지표가 되는 NO, cytokine(TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-10)의 생성이 추출물을 처리하지 않은 대조군에 비해 증가되었고, Molt-4 세포에 처리하였을 때 대조군에 비해 세포가 증식되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 종자 추출물을 섭취하였을 때 외부로부터의 어떠한 자극이 있기 이전에 체내의 모든 조직에 분포하면서 1차적으로 이물질을 제거하는 대식세포를 자극하여 cytokine 등의 면역매개물질을 생성하여 인체의 비특이적 면역반응을 증가시킴으로써 항원을 공격, 제거하는 등의 작용을 통해 자연 면역반응에 있어 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.154-170
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• 2001

Objective : To broaden understanding about acupuncture and moxibustion therapy on AIDS and to promote base studies and clinical trials Materials and Methods : Analysis was given to more than 30 literatures including acupuncture and moxibustion therapy on AIDS-related sites explored by internet search engine named NAVER from Nov., 2000 to Feb. 20th, 2001 Results : 1. Acupuncture and moxibustion played great role as a complementary therapy in enabling AIDS patients to keep their antiretroviral therapy by enhancing immune system, ameliorating AIDS-related symptoms and side effect of antiretroviral drug 2. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy had a broad spectrum indication from systemic or local signs of AIDS patients to signs of antiretroviral drug-related side effect 3. Contraindication of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy against AIDS patients include abstraction and moxibustion on the skin lesion, because of their easy exposure to inflammation 4. AIDS patients were regarded as the state of KI-HE(氣虛), EUM-HE(陰虛), YEOL-DOK(熱毒) in general 5. BO-KI(補氣), BO-HYUL(補血), BO-EUM(補陰), CHEONG-YEOL-HAE-DOK(淸熱解毒) were shown as a principle of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for AIDS patients 6. Principle of selecting acupoints for AIDS patients had characteristics of enhancing immune system, detoxicating detrimental agents and relieving each AIDS related symptom appropriately 7. Acupuncture on 合谷(HAPKOK, LI4), 內關(NAE-GWAN, P6), 足三里(CHOK-SAMNI, S36) were applied to the early stage of AIDS in order to enhance immune system. Acupuncture on 血海(HYOLHAE, SP10), 三陰交(SAMUMGYO, SP6), (KOHWANG, B43) were applied to the intermediate stage of AIDS so as to enhance immune system and eliminate YEOL-DOK(熱毒) in blood. Moxibustion on 湧泉(YONGCHON, K1), 足三里(CHOK-SAMNI, S36) were applied to the late stage owing to enhance immune system more. Conclusion : The efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy on AIDS has been acknowledged to the world, moreover, it is proved to be significant as a complementary therapy on AIDS patients. Thus, more control group studies of the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy on AIDS and clinical trials are considered to be necessary.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.815-820
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• 2008

Macrophage is the important cell for the immune system. Many of herbal drugs were searched about their immune-modulating activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the biological effect of water extract from ARTEMISIAE ARGI FOLIUM (WAAF) on mouse macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. ARTEMISIAE ARGI FOLIUM was known to have the antibacterial, immune-enhancing, and anticoagulative properties. Cytotoxicity of WAAF was verified by MTT assay. The intracellular production of hydro peroxide ($H_2O_2$) by WAAF was examined. The productions of nitric oxide (NO) and $TNF-{\alpha}$ from Raw 264.7 cell by WAAF were also examined. WAAF showed no cytotoxicity on RAW 264.7 cells for 3 hours. WAAF increased the production of $H_2O_2$ in Raw 264.7 cells. WAAF decrease the production of NO from the cells at low concentrations but increased at high concentrations. WAAF increased the production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ from the cells. Therefore, It could be suggested that WAAF has the immune-modulating effect.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-42
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• 1991

This study were done to know the effects of Dangkiyeumja on the in vivo and in vitro immune responses of mice. The recipes of Dangkiyeumja used in this study enhanced such, cellular functions of immunocytes as phagocytic capacity of macrophages, rossett-eforming abilities of splenocytes and metabolic activities of lymphocytes, However, the same recipes decreased the formation of such reactive oxygen intermediates(ROI) as superoxide and hydrogenperoxide from the macrophages. The effects of the same recipes on the in vim immune responses was suppressive on the cellular immune response(CIR)measured by delayed-type hypersensitivity against dinitrofluorobenzene and mildly enhancing for the humoral immune response measured by antibody production against sheep red blood cells. The results of this study could be summarized as follow: 1. Administration of Dangkiyeumja enhanced the phagocytic activity of the murine macrophage. 2. Administration of Dangkiyeumja decreased the formation of ROI in the murine macrophage 3. Administration of Dangkiyeumja increased the number of the splenic rotte forming cells in the mouse. 4. Administration of DangKiyeumja did not effect the antibody production against sheep red blood cells. 5. Administration of Dangkiyeumja depressed the delayed-type hypersenitivity against dinitrofluoro benzene in the mouse. The result of this study suggest that Dangkiyeumja could ameliorate the hypersensitivity reactions by reducing the formation of ROI and decreasing the CIR without affecting the other functions of immunocytes.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.204-209
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• 2008

The present study examined the ex vivo effect of Job's tear on immune function. Seven to eight week old mice(Balb/c) were fed a chow diet ad libitum two different concentrations (50 and 500 mg/kg BW) of water extract of Job's tear were orally administ every other day for two weeks. The results indicated that macrophage activation had occurred in the mice receiving 50 mg/kg B. W. of Job's tear water extract. Overall, using a mouse model, this study demonstrated that Job's tear extract may enhance immune function by regulating the $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-10 cytokine production capacity of activated macrophages in mice. This study may suggest that supplementation of Job's tear water extracts may enhance the immune function by regulating the enhancing the cytokine production by activated macrophage ex vivo.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.244-250
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• 2006

Gangliosides are receptors for various peptides and proteins including neuropeptides, ${\beta}$-amyloid proteins, and prions. Recently, the role of gangliosides in mucosal immunization has attracted attention due to the emerging interest in oral vaccination. Ganglioside GM1 exists in abundance on the surface of the M cells of Peyer's patch, a well-known mucosal immunity induction site. In the present study we identified a peptide ligand for GM1 and tested whether it played a role in immune induction. GM1-binding peptides were selected from a phage-displayed dodecapeptide library and one peptide motif, GWKERLSSWNRF, was fused to the C-terminus of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The fusion protein, but not EGFP fused with a control peptide, was concentrated around Peyer's patch after incubation in the lumen of the intestine ex vivo. Furthermore, oral feeding of the fusion protein but not control EGFP induced mucosal and systemic immune responses against EGFP resembling Th2-type immune responses.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.398-403
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• 2019

Dioscorea japonica Thunberg (DJ) has been widely used as a healthy food in Korea for the enhancement of physical stamina. Hence, the present study evaluated the immune-enhancing effect of DJ in forced swim test of mouse model. The immobility time of the group treated with DJ for 7 days was significantly reduced in comparison with that of the control group. After a forced swimming test, the changes in blood biochemical parameters and splenic T lymphocyte populations induced by the administration of DJ were assessed. Serum levels of lactic dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly decreased in DJ-administered group compared to the control group. However, administration of DJ did not affect the splenic T lymphocyte populations. Moreover, DJ significantly increased the production of interferon-g and interleukin-2 compared to the media control in splenocytes. Collectively, it may be concluded that DJ is useful for enhancement of physical and immune function.