• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.112-121
• /
• 2015

Ectopic expression of $14-3-3{\zeta}$ has been found in various malignancies, including lung cancer, liver cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and so on. However, the effect of $14-3-3{\zeta}$ in the regulation of interactions between tumor cells and the immune system has not been previously reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether and how $14-3-3{\zeta}$ is implicated in tumor inflammation modulation and immune recognition evasion. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines and cancer tissues, we found that $14-3-3{\zeta}$ is overexpressed. In OSCC cells, $14-3-3{\zeta}$ knockdown resulted in the up-regulated expression of inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, $14-3-3{\zeta}$ introduction attenuated cytokine expression in human normal keratinocytes and fibroblasts stimulated with interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, supernatants from $14-3-3{\zeta}$ knockdown OSCC cells dramatically altered the response of peritoneal macrophages, dendritic cells and tumor-specific T cells. Interestingly, Stat3 was found to directly interact with $14-3-3{\zeta}$ and its disruption relieved the inhibition induced by $14-3-3{\zeta}$ in tumor inflammation. Taken together, our studies provide evidence that $14-3-3{\zeta}$ may regulate tumor inflammation and immune response through Stat3 signaling in OSCC.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.1507-1515
• /
• 2006

Angelica gigantis (AG), Rehamaninae Radix(RR), Paenia japonica (PJ), and Polygoni multiflori Radix (PM) have been used as medicinal plants to tonify the blood. General function of the drugs have been known to nourish blood and control the heart and liver meridians. Recently, several studies have proposed mechanisms by which some oriental medicinal herbs work on the immune system. However, it is uncertain whether aqueous-extract of these drugs has immunomodulatory effect yet. In this study, I investigated the immune promotive effects of the water-extracted AG, RR, PJ and PM. The water-extracted AG, RR, PJ and PM inhibited NO production and iNOS expression in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Among these extracts, AG and PM induced expression of IL-2 and IFN${\gamma}$ in mouse spleen cells. In the flow cytometry analysis, PM-stimulated mouse spleen cells showed an increase in B-cell phenotype (CD45R/B220). The oral administration of Polygoni multiflori water-extracts to mice having S-180 abdominal dropsy cancer prolonged life-span more than control mice. These data suggest that among these extracts, PM has cellular and humoral immune-enhancement effect through IL-2 and IFN${\gamma}$ cytokine production, the regulation of NO production in macrophage cells and the B cell production in spleen cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.840-847
• /
• 2023

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), a member of the Araliaceae family, is known as a traditional medicinal plant to have a wide range of health properties. Polysaccharides constitute a major component of Korean ginseng, and its berries exhibit immune-modulating properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immune effects of crude polysaccharide (GBPC) extracted from Korean ginseng berry on peritoneal macrophages in mice with cyclophosphamide (CY)- induced immunosuppression. BALB/c mice were divided into eight groups: normal control, normal control + CY, levamisole + CY, ginseng + CY, and four concentrations of 50, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW/day of GBPC + CY. Mice were orally administered with samples for 10 days. Immunosuppression was established by treating mice with CY (80 mg/kg BW/day) through intraperitoneal injection on days 4 to 6. The immune function of peritoneal macrophages was then evaluated. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg BW/day GBPC resulted in proliferation, NO production, and phagocytosis at 100%, 88%, and 91%, respectively, close to the levels of the normal group (100%) of peritoneal macrophages. In CY-treated mice, GBPC of 50-500 mg/kg BW/day also dose-dependently stimulated the proliferation, NO production, and phagocytosis at 56-100%, 47-88%, and 53-91%, respectively, with expression levels of immune-associated genes, such as iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, of about 0.32 to 2.87-fold, compared to those in the CY group. GBPC could be a potential immunomodulatory material to control peritoneal macrophages under an immunosuppressive condition.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.31.1-31.18
• /
• 2023

Evidence suggests that the human respiratory tract, as with the gastrointestinal tract, has evolved to its current state in association with commensal microbes. However, little is known about how the airway microbiome affects the development of airway immune system. Here, we uncover a previously unidentified mode of interaction between host airway immunity and a unique strain (AIT01) of Staphylococcus epidermidis, a predominant species of the nasal microbiome. Intranasal administration of AIT01 increased the population of neutrophils and monocytes in mouse lungs. The recruitment of these immune cells resulted in the protection of the murine host against infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogenic bacterium. Interestingly, an AIT01-secreted protein identified as GAPDH, a well-known bacterial moonlighting protein, mediated this protective effect. Intranasal delivery of the purified GAPDH conferred significant resistance against other Gram-negative pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii) and influenza A virus. Our findings demonstrate the potential of a native nasal microbe and its secretory protein to enhance innate immune defense against airway infections. These results offer a promising preventive measure, particularly relevant in the context of global pandemics.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.132-145
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Enterovirus 71, a pathogen that causes hand-foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is currently regarded as an increasing neurotropic virus in Asia and can cause severe complications in pediatric patients with blister-like sores or rashes on the hand, feet, and mouth. Notwithstanding the significant burden of the disease, no authorized vaccine is available. Previously identified attenuated and inactivated vaccines are worthless over time owing to changes in the viral genome. Materials and Methods: A novel vaccine construct using B-cell derived T-cell epitopes from the virulent polyprotein found the induction of possible immune response. In order to boost the immune system, a beta-defensin 1 preproprotein adjuvant with EAAAK linker was added at the N-terminal end of the vaccine sequence. Results: The immunogenicity of the designed, refined, and verified prospective three-dimensional-structure of the multi-epitope vaccine was found to be quite high, exhibiting non-allergenic and antigenic properties. The vaccine candidates bound to toll-like receptor 3 in a molecular docking analysis, and the efficacy of the potential vaccine to generate a strong immune response was assessed through in silico immunological simulation. Conclusion: Computational analysis has shown that the proposed multi-epitope vaccine is possibly safe for use in humans and can elicit an immune response.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.509-522
• /
• 2024

Decellularized matrix transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for repairing tissue defects, with numerous studies assessing its safety and efficacy in both animal models and clinical settings. The host immune response elicited by decellularized matrix grafts of natural biological origin plays a crucial role in determining the success of tissue repair, influenced by matrix heterogeneity and the inflammatory microenvironment of the wound. However, the specific immunologic mechanisms underlying the interaction between decellularized matrix grafts and the host immune system remain elusive. This article reviews the sources of decellularized matrices, available decellularization techniques, and residual immunogenic components. It focuses on the host immune response following decellularized matrix transplantation, with emphasis on the key mechanisms of Toll-like receptor, T-cell receptor, and TGF-β/SMAD signaling in the stages of post-transplantation immunorecognition, immunomodulation, and tissue repair, respectively. Furthermore, it highlights the innovative roles of TLR10 and miR-29a-3p in improving transplantation outcomes. An in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the host immune response after decellularized matrix transplantation provides new directions for the repair of tissue defects.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.4680-4697
• /
• 2017

In future, since the user experience plays a more and more important role in the development of today's communication systems, quality of experience (QoE) becomes a widely used metric, which reflects the subjective experience of end users for wireless service. In addition, the energy efficiency is an increasingly important problem with the explosive growth in the amount of wireless terminals and nodes. Hence, a QoE-aware energy efficiency maximization based joint user access selection and power allocation approach is proposed to solve the problem. We transform the joint allocation process to an optimization of energy efficiency by establishing an energy efficiency model, and then the optimization problem is solved by chaotic clone immune algorithm (CCIA). Numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently and reliably improve the QoE and ensure high energy efficiency of networks.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2001

Computer security is considered important because of the side effect generated from the expansion of computer network and rapid increase of the use of computer. Intrusion Detection System(IDS) has been an active research area to reduce the risk from intruders. In this paper, the Hybrid Intrusion Detection System(HIDS) based biometric immuntiy collects and filters audit data by misuse detection is innate immune, and anomaly detection is acquirement immune in multi-hosts. Since, collect and detect audit data from one the system in molt-hosts, it is design and implement of the intrusion detection system which has the immuntiy the detection intrusion in one host possibly can detect in multi-hosts and in the method of misuses detection subsequently.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2018

When a fault occurs in a power system, the existing analytic models for the power system fault diagnosis could generate multiple solutions under the condition of one or more protective relays (PRs) and/or circuit breakers (CBs) malfunctioning, and/or an alarm or alarms of these PRs and/or CBs failing. Therefore, this paper presents an improved analytic model addressing the above problem. It takes into account the interaction between the uncertainty involved with PR operation and CB tripping and the uncertainty of the alarm reception, which makes the analytic model more reasonable. In addition, the existing analytic models apply the penalty function method to deal with constraints, which is influenced by the artificial setting of the penalty factor. In order to avoid the penalty factor's effects, this paper transforms constraints into an objective function, and then puts forward an improved immune clonal multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve the optimal solution. Finally, the cases of the power system fault diagnosis are served for demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model and method.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2007

Fingerprints have been widely used in the biometric authentication because of its performance, uniqueness and universality. Lately, the speed of identification has become a very important aspect in the fingerprint-based security applications. Also, the reliability still remains the main issue in the fingerprint identification. A fast and reliable fingerprint matching algorithm based on the process of the 'self-nonself' discrimination in the biological immune system was proposed. The proposed algorithm is organized by two-matching stages. The 1st matching stage utilized the self-space and MHC detector string set that are generated from the information of the minutiae and the values of the directional field. The 2nd matching stage was made based on the local-structure of the minutiae. The proposed matching algorithm reduces matching time while maintaining the reliability of the matching algorithm.