• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2012

Objective: We compared the assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes among infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treated with IVM, conventional IVF, GnRH agonist, and GnRH antagonist cycles. Methods: The prospective study included a total of 67 cycles in 61 infertile women with PCOS. The women with PCOS were randomized into three IVF protocols: IVM/IVF with FSH and hCG priming with immature oocyte retrieval 38 hours later (group A, 14 cycles), GnRH agonist long protocol (group B, 14 cycles), and GnRH antagonist multi-dose flexible protocol (group C, 39 cycles). IVF outcomes, such as clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), implantation rate (IR), miscarriage rate (MR), and live birth rate (LBR), were compared among the three groups. Results: Age, BMI, and basal FSH and LH levels did not differ among the three groups. The number of retrieved oocytes and 2 pronucleus embryos was significantly lower in group A compared with groups B and C. The CPR, IR, MR, and LBR per embryo transfer showed no differences among the three groups. There was no incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in group A. Conclusion: The IR, MR, and LBR in the IVM cycles were comparable to those of the GnRH agonist and GnRH antagonist cycles. The IVM protocol, FSH and hCG priming with oocyte retrieval 38 hours later, is an effective ART option that is comparable with conventional IVF for infertile women with PCOS.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1820-1826
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• 2007

In this study, we conducted various experiments in order to develop enhanced cultural conditions for in vitro-produced porcine embryos. All embryos were produced by in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization (IVF) of immature oocytes from abattoir-derived ovaries. In experiment 1, we cultured IVF embryos in 4 different groups, namely, 0% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 3% BSA, 0.05% Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and 0.5% Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) added to the basal fluid cultural medium, Porcine zygote medium 3 (PZM-3). The rates of embryo development were higher in the group where the PZM-3 media had been supplemented with 3% BSA than the other groups. While not statistically significant, the percent of blastocysts and hatched blastocytes were 6.9% and 25.0% in the 3% BSA group vs. 1.2-6.4% and 0-16.7% in the other groups, respectively. In experiment 2, we added 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) to PZM-3 on day 0 of culture and observed the development rate of blastocysts per day of culture from days 0 to 5. The development rate of blastocysts was higher at 15.6% on day 4 than on any other day, and was significantly higher than on day 0 or day 1 (p<0.05). The development rate of hatched blastocysts was 26.7% on day 4, and was higher than on any other day. In experiment 3, we cultured IVF embryos with different fluid culture media, grouped as 1) PZM-3+0.3% BSA (day0-day7); 2) PZM-3+0.3% BSA${\rightarrow}$day-4) PZM-3+10% FBS; 3) PZM-3+0.3% BSA${\rightarrow}$PZM-3+0.3% BSA+(day-4) FBS 10%; and 4) PZM-3+0.3% BSA+10% FBS (day0-day7). The development rates of blastocysts and hatched blastocysts were 21.5% and 53.1% in group 3, respectively, which was significantly higher than group 4 with respect to blastocyst development (5.2%, p<0.05) but not hatched blastocysts (14.3%). The total cell number (TCN) of blastocysts in group 3 was higher at $37.8{\pm}16.1$ than the other groups at $16.8{\pm}4.4$ - $30.1{\pm}10.9$; however, this was not significantly different. The results of this study showed that PZM-3 containing 0.3% BSA and supplemented with FBS during the later stage of culture on day 4 resulted in better TCNs and an increased rate of hatched blastocysts.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.423-428
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• 2014

This study was performed to identify optimal harvesting time of ginseng seeds and to examine the effect of $GA_3$ treatment for improvement of seed stratification rate. Ginseng seeds harvested from Land race, Chunpoong and Yunpoong cultivar in July 20 were tested for stratification rate. It was shown that stratification rates of land race, Yunpoong and Chunpoong cultivar were 94.1%, 93.1%, and 82.6%, respectively. Seeds of Chunpoong cultivar harvested 10-15 days later showed a comparable stratification rate to that of Land race, indicating that late harvest of Chunpoong seeds is beneficial for the increase of stratification rate. The higher stratification rate was found in mature seeds (92.3%) than immature seeds (37.8%), both of which were harvested in July 20. Stratification rate of mature seeds harvested in July 15 was 87.5%, demonstrating optimal harvesting time of ginseng seeds with higher stratification rate is after mid-July. An exponential growth of endosperms of ginseng seeds was observed from early June to mid-June and then slow growth was observed. There was no obvious growth of embryos from fertilization to mid-August. After the this time, embryos quickly grew until late October. Thus, appropriate stratification control is essential during the period (from early September to late October) in order to optimize embryo growth and development. While no increase of stratification rate was observed in seeds treated with 50 ppm of $GA_3$, significant increases were observed in seeds treated with 100 ppm of $GA_3$. At this concentration of $GA_3$, the stratification rate of Land race, Chunpoong and Yunpoong cultivar was 95.0%, 95.3%, and 96.5%, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.135-138
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• 2002

대두 85개 재조합순계주의 미숙배로부터 얻은 자엽절편을 MS salt, B5비타민, 40 mg$^{-1}$ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 및 30 g$^{-1}$ sucrose로 조성된 체세포배유도배지 (SIM, somatic induce medium)에 치상하여 5주간 배양하였다. 10%이하의 체세포배형성빈도는 36계통에서, 11~49%의 형성빈도는 37계통에서, 50~80%의 형성빈도는 9계통에서 그리고 90% 이상의 형성빈도는 3계통에서 각각 관찰되었다. 90% 이상의 체세포배형성빈도와 자엽당 6.36개의 체세포배를 형성하는 계통으로는 KM1010, KM1032 및 KM1064이었으며, 3계통에서 얻은 일차배를 동일배지상에서 계대배양하면서 2차배 증식방법으로 1년 이상 증식 유지하였다. 체세포배를 성숙배지와 식물체전환배지 (Komatsuda 1992)에 옮겼을 때 약 25% 정도가 정상식물체로 생육하였다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회 발표자료집
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• pp.37-43
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• 2001

1. About fifty thousand of cattle embryos were transferred and 16000 ET-calves were born in 1999. Eighty percents of embryos were collected from Japanese Black beef donors and transferred to dairy Holstein heifers and cows. Since 1985, we have achieved in bovine in vitro fertilization using immature oocytes Collected from ovaries of slaughterhouse. Now over 8000 embryos fertilized by Japanese Black bull, as Kitaguni 7 -8 or Mitsufuku, famousbulls as high marbling score of progeny tests were sold to dairy farmers and transferred to their dairy cattle every year. 2. Embryo splitting for identical twins is demonstrated an useful tool to supply a bull for semen collection and a steer for beef performance test. According to the data of Dr.Hashiyada (2001), 296 pairs of split-half-embryos were transferred to recipients and 98 gave births of 112 calves (23 pairs of identical twins and 66 singletons). 3. A blastomere-nuclear-transferred cloned calf was born in 1990 by a joint research with Drs.Tsunoda, National Institute of Animal Industry (NIAI) and Ushijima, Chiba Prefectural Farm Animal Center. The fruits of this technology were applied to the production of a calf from a cell of long-term-cultured inner cell mass (1998, Itoh et al, ZEN-NOH Central Research Institute for Feed and Livestock) and a cloned calf from three-successive-cloning (1997, Tsunoda et al.). According to the survey of MAFF of Japan, over 500 calves were born until this year and a half of them were already brought to the market for beef. 4. After the report of "Dolly", in February 1997, the first somatic cell clone female calves were born in July 1998 as the fruits of the joint research organized by Dr. Tsunoda in Kinki University (Kato et al, 2000). The male calves were born in August and September 1998 by the collaboration with NIAI and Kagoshima Prefecture. Then 244 calves, four pigs and a kid of goat were now born in 36 institutes of Japan. 5. Somatic cell cloning in farm animal production will bring us an effective reproductive method of elite-dairy- cows, super-cows and excellent bulls. The effect of making copy farm animal is also related to the reservation of genetic resources and re-creation of a male bull from a castrated steer of excellent marbling beef. Cloning of genetically modified animals is most promising to making pig organs transplant to people and providing protein drugs in milk of pig, goat and cattle.

• 화훼연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.220-223
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• 2010

'체리핑크' 품종은 국립원예특작과학원에서 2006년에 육성된 절화용 FA 아속간 잡종 나리이다. 신나팔나리 '라이잔'과 아시아틱나리 'A95-14'계통간의 교잡에서 '수피아' 품종이 선발되었으나, 바이러스에 민감하고 꽃 색이 옅어, 다시 1999년에 '수피아'와 분홍색 아시아틱나리 'A04-9'계통을 교배한 후, 1달 반 정도 후에 미숙 꼬투리를 채취하여 기내에서 배주 배양하여 2001년 'FA01-17' 계통을 선발하였다. 이 계통은 2002년부터 조직배양에 의한 대량증식, 순화 및 양구를 거쳐 2006년까지 생육 및 특성검정을 수행하였다. '체리핑크' 품종의 개화기는 6월 중순이다. 꽃은 상향으로 개화하고, 화색은 분홍색이다. 초장은 120 cm로 신장이 우수하고, 꽃의 크기는 15.5 cm이고, 잎의 길이는 17 cm이다. 구근의 무게는 35.4 g이고, 구주는 16.9 cm로 양호하다. 주년재배를 위해서는 $-1.5^{\circ}C$에 구근을 동결 저장하여 정식시기를 달리하여 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.654-658
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• 2010

'오렌지크라운' 품종은 국립원예특작과학원에서 2007년에 육성된 절화용 FA 아속간 잡종 나리이다. 1995년에 1차 교배로 신나팔나리 '라이잔'과 아시아틱나리 'A61' 계통간의 교잡에서 'FA97-30' 계통을 선발하였다. 그러나, 만생종이며, 하엽의 발생이 심각하여 다시 2001년에 'A01-187' 적색 아시아틱나리 계통을 교잡하여 2004년 'FA04-27' 계통을 선발하였다. 이 계통은 2005년부터 조직배양에 의한 대량증식, 순화 및 양구를 거쳐 2007년까지 생육 및 특성검정을 수행하였고, 최종적으로 '오렌지크라운'을 선발하였다. 이 품종의 개화기는 6월 하순이고, 꽃은 상향으로 개화하며, 화색은 오렌지색이다. 초장은 183 cm로 신장성이 우수하고, 꽃의 크기는 14.5cm이다. 잎의 길이는 17.4 cm이고, 엽폭은 2.3 cm이다. 구근의 무게는 49.2 g이고, 구주는 16.5 cm로 양호하다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.509-512
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• 2011

'골든센터' 품종은 국립원예특작과학원에서 2008년에 육성된 절화용 FA 아속간 잡종 나리 이다. 연황색 FA 잡종인 'Migreen' 품종을 모본으로 하고, 적색의 아시아틱나리 'Sanzio'품종을 부본으로 교배하였다. 6주 후에 미숙 꼬투리를 채취하여 기내에서 배주 배양하여 2004년 'FA04-24'계통을 선발하였다. 이 계통은 2005년부터 조직배양에 의한 대량증식, 순화 및 양구를 거쳐 2007년까지 생육 및 특성검정을 수행하였다. '골든센터' 품종의 개화기는 6월 중순이다. 꽃은 상향으로 개화하고, 화색은 연황색이다. 초장은 144 cm로 신장이 우수하고, 꽃의 크기는 15.8 cm이다. 잎의 길이는 12 cm이다. 구근의 무게는 56.3 g이고, 구주는 17.4 cm로 양호하다. 주년재배를 위해서는 $-1.5^{\circ}C$에 구근을 동결 저장하여 정식시기를 달리하여 활용할 수 있다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-54
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• 1967

The changes in histopathology of various organs and growth inhibition of the chick embryos incubated with radioactive sulfur ($^{35}S$) were experimentally studied. The various doses of $^{35}S$ were injected into the yolk sac at different intervals and the weight changes of the embryos were evaluated to determine the growth inhibition rates. The embryos sacrified on various incubation days were used for the study of histopathological changes in organs such as the bone, liver, kidney, gonad, and eye. Following were the results: 1) The weight changes of the $^{35}S$ treated groups were as follows: i. Embryos treated on the 5 th incubation day: No weight changes were noted on the 8th incubation day, however, the growth inhibition rate of 32.1% was noted in the group treated with $50{\mu}C$ and of 38.2% in the group treated with $150{\mu}C$ on the 12th incubation day. The rates were 9.1 and 12.1% on the 15th incubation day, and 6.5 and 10.6% on the 18th incubation day respectively. ii. Embryos treated on the 8th incubation day: The growth inhibition rates on the 12th, 15th and 18th incubation days in the groups treated with $50{\mu}C$ were 20.9, 25.9 and 18.8% and in those treated with $150{\mu}C$ were 20.0, 14.9 and 16.9% respectively. iii. Embryos treated on the 12th incubation day: The growth inhibition rates on the 15th and 18th in the groups treated with $50{\mu}C$ were 13.6 and 21.1% and in those treated with $150{\mu}C$ were 26.7 and 6.5% and in those treated with $250{\mu}C$ were 10.6 and 12.6% respectively. iv. Embryos treated on the 15th incubation day: The growth inhibition rates on the 18th in the groups treated with $50{\mu}C$ were 6.5% and in those treated with $150{\mu}C$ were 10.1% and in those treated with $250{\mu}C$ were 8.5% respectively. In summary, the longer the incubation days, the less the growth inhibition rates. II) The histopathological changes in the various organs were as follows: i. Bone: Hyperplasia and edematous changes of the bone cavity, irregular distribution of immature granular cells and increased number of the myeloblast, megakaryocyte and reticuloendothelial cells were noted. ii. Liver: The embryos treated with $150{\mu}C\;of\;^{35}S$ on the 8th incubation day showed necrosis and nucleolysis of the liver cell and abnormal enlargement of sinusoid on the 12th incubation day. The longer the incubation days, the more severe the changes such as the pyknotic artophy of the liver cells and heterochromatism. The embryos treated on the 5th incubation day with 50 and $150{\mu}C\;of\;^{35}S$ showed little changes, but sight enlargement and accumulation of serous fluid in the sinusoid on the 8th incubation day. iii. Kidney: No particular changes except atrophic changes of epithelium were noted in early stage, however, the infiltration of the granular cell and monocyte into the cortex and pyknotic changes of vascular glomeruli were noted in later stage. These changes were not closely related to the doses of $^{35}S$ given. iv. Gonad: The degenerative changes such as destruction of the immature germ cells, hyperplasia and vacuolization of the stroma were noted in testis and ovary. v. Eye: A slight distortion of the cornea and sclera was noted. The hypertrophy of inner layer and blood cell infiltration into the vascular layer of the choroid membrane were noted in embryo groups on the 12, 15 and 18th incubation days.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 1996

강활(羌活)(Angelic koreana Max.)의 캘러스 배양(培養)과 식물체(植物體) 재분화(再分化)에 필요한 배양(培養) 조건(條件)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 유엽(幼葉) 및 미숙화(未熟花)의 화경(花梗) 배양(培養)에 미치는 생장조절제(生長調節劑), sucrose 및 배지(培地) 응고제(凝固劑) 등의 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 유엽(幼葉) 유래(由來) 캘러스 생장은 1 mg/l 2,4-D를 첨가한 MS배지에서 왕성하여, 생체중(生體重) 및 건물중(乾物重)이 가장 높았다. 2. 캘러스 생장을 위한 적정 sucrose농도는 2% 였으며, sucrose 농도가 증가함에 따라 캘러스 생장이 억제되는 경향이었다. 3. 배지(培地) 응고제(凝固劑)에 따른 캘러스 생장은 1.2% agar, 0.4% Gelrite에서 생체중(生體重) 및 건물중(乾物重)이 가장 높았다. 4. 배지내 10mg/l ABA와 $5{\sim}10mg/l\;AgNO_3$ 첨가는 유엽(幼葉) 유래(由來) 캘러스의 갈변화(褐變化)를 현저히 억제하였으며, 무처리(無處理)보다 캘러스 활력도 높았다. 5. 미숙(未熟) 화(花)의 화경(花梗) 배양(培養)에서 캘러스 형성율은 NAA보다 2,4-D가 효과적이었으며, 2mg/l 2,4-D를 첨가한 배지에서 81.7%로 가장 높았고, 캘러스 생장도 왕성하였다. 6. 유엽(幼葉) 유래(由來) 캘러스로부터는 식물체(植物體)가 재분화(再分化)되지 않았으나, 미숙(未熟) 화(花)의 화경(花梗) 유래(由來) 캘러스는 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D, 1 mg/l kinetin, 5 mg/l ABA와 5 mg/l $AgNO_3$ 첨가배지에서 체세포(體細胞) 배(胚)가 형성되었으며, 이들 체세포(體細胞) 배(胚)로부터 식물체(植物體)가 발생(發生)되었다. 무처리(無處理) 229.1kg보다 63.3kg 더 무거운 28%의 증수(增收) 효과(效果)를 나타냈으며 60배(倍), 80배(倍), 처리시(處理時)에도 각각(各各) 6%, 3% 증수(增收)되었다.로 42% 소득(所得)이 증대(增大)되었다.7. 3%였고 개분함량(漑粉含量)은 10월(月), 11월(月) 각각 30. 8%, 27, 7%로서 수확시기별(收穫時期別) 함량(含量)에는 변이폭(變移幅)이 크지 않았다. 이를 종합하면 유효성분(有效成分)의 함량(含量)이 높은 11월(月) 30일(日) 수확(收穫)이 10월(月) 30일(日) 수확(收穫)보다 유리(有利)할 것으로 판단된다. 4. 구경(球莖) 크기별 약효성분(藥效成分)의 함량변이도 커서 10월(月), 30일(日) 경우 S가 0. 53%로 가장 높고 M, L 순(順)으로 구경(球莖)이 커지면서 함량(含量)이 감소(感少)하였다. 5. 정식(定植)깊이 $0{\sim}1cm$가 다른 정식(定植)깊이에 비교하여 수량(收量)이 206kg/10a로 가장 많았으며 유효성분(有效成分) 변이(變移)는 $0. 33{\sim}0. 39%$로서 정식(定植)깊이에 따라 크지않은 것을 고려하면 택사(澤瀉) 재배시(栽培時) 정식(定植)깊이는 $0{\sim}1cm$가 가장 유리(有利)할 것으로 판단된다.군에서 18.8% 갑상선기능항진증 환자군에서 16.6%으로 나타났으며 이러한 slow acetylator의 빈도는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(chi-square, p= 0.83 표 3.). 결 론: Metoprolol을 표지 약물로 측정한 CYP2D6 poor metabolizer는 정상인과 갑상선기능항진증 환자군 모두에서 관찰할 수 없었다. N-acetyltransferase의 활성도는 갑상선기능항진증 환자군과 정상 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보이지