• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2005

This study analyzes the new possibility of design through the research for the expression of cladding design architectural materials, and applies to connection with creative design concept. In these modern days, architectural materials became the subject of expression as itself thanks to the development of new technology and materials. The physical properties of materials and their beauty value made possible the variety and possibility of expression in space design. The expressional properties of materials can lead mutual communication between commodity and brand by association, presenting brand image and the distinction of its value. Therefore, the trends of designed material expression in space design according to modern aspect can offer the possibility of material space design for ahead. This study suggest an alternative idea for revitalizing design by materials.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(3)
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• pp.25-28
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• 2002

This paper introduce a personalized facial expression recognition system. Many previous works on facial expression recognition system focus on the formal six universal facial expressions. However, it is very difficult to make such expressions for normal person without much effort and training. And in these days, the personalized service is also mainly focused by many researchers in various fields. Thus, we Propose a novel facial expression recognition system with fuzzy neural networks and robust image processing.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2002

All kinds of artwork, including multimedia and digital image that has been subliminated into an af mediating two numbers 0 and 1 in recent age, are self-sufficient and autonomous in themselves. Nevertheless, each of those artworks can be realized as a real entity only if its appreciator is capable enough to explore some potential meaning out of it through his or her own perceptual work. According to Mikel Dufrenne, an artwork is composed of three existential tiers: "le sensible" or the sensible material; "fe representation" or the subject(le sujet), and "1′expression." Dufrenne contends that our esthetic perception can be realized by way of three steps that are comparable to those three tiers: perception of the presence of the body("le sensible"), contemplative perception by way of imagination("le representation"), and reflective perception ("1′expression") as a result of dialectics of sense and sensibility. This paper argues on the aesthetic perception with regard to digital image expressed by two numbers 0 and 1, putting focus on the epistemological role of sensibility(감) that explores "1′expression" a la Dufrenne.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.125-139
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• 2023

Facial expression recognition, a topical problem in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition, is a direct means of recognizing human emotions and behaviors. This paper first summarizes the datasets commonly used for expression recognition and their associated characteristics and presents traditional machine learning algorithms and their benefits and drawbacks from three key techniques of face expression; image pre-processing, feature extraction, and expression classification. Deep learning-oriented expression recognition methods and various algorithmic framework performances are also analyzed and compared. Finally, the current barriers to facial expression recognition and potential developments are highlighted.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the internal meanings of dolls and dolls' images expressed in modern fashion show. Dolls are used as sacred object, decoration object, playing object, personified object or cherished object. The expression types of doll image in modern fashion are as following; substitutes of multi-ego, object of sexual desire, objectified creature, and medium of transcending fantasy. First, dolls image as substitutes of multi-ego had been expressed in magical expression, disgusting mask, transparent mannequin, expressionless, horror, conflict, loss of identity, exaggeration or escapism. Second, as object of sexual desire, dolls image are expressed as naked baby, ambiguous expression, naked body, voluminous body, emphasized specific bodypart, heavy makeup or wax doll of sexy actresses. Third, as objectified creature, dolls are human body in passive form. Human bodies are disassembled and reassembled as dolls. Such dolls reflect serious reality. They wrap up human like product and objectify it. Fourth, dolls image expressed as medium of transcending fantasy recollects youth age or expresses imagination on ambiguous virtual reality. Like this, dolls have value as creatures in various fields of modern fashion. Dolls contribute a lot in creating important inspiration. Dolls also expose internal mentality and represent ego. Externally, dolls express human shape becoming more and more materialized and objectified by advancing scientific technology in digital capitalistic society.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제2권10호
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• pp.1291-1300
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• 2001

이 논문은 실시간 변화가 가능한 동적 그래픽스를 기반하며, 인간의 감성적 인식을 위해서 이미지 영상을 다차원 데이터의 그래픽 요소로 조작하는 시각화 표현 기법으로 연구되었다. 이 구현의 중요한 사상은 사람의 얼굴 특징 점과 기존의 화상 인식 알고리즘을 바탕으로 획득한 모수 제어 값을 다차원 데이터에 대응시켜 그 변화하는 수축 표정에 따라 감성 표현의 가상 이미지를 생성하는 이미지그래픽으로 표현한다. 제안된 DyFIG 시스템은 감성적인 표현을 할 수 있는 얼굴 그래픽의 모듈을 제안하고 구현하며, 조작과 실험을 통해 감성 데이터 표현 기술과 기법이 실현 가능함을 보인다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.323-334
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• 2003

본 연구는 디지털 정보환경에 있어 시각화되기 전 단계에 생성되는 주관적인 이미지와 그것을 구체화시키는 객관적인 동적 영상표현에 중점을 두었다. 먼저 시각세계의 확장을 눈의 시각, 뇌의 시각, 카메라의 시각으로 구분하여 서술하였다. 또한 이미지와 영상의 개념을 재정의 하였다. 이미지는 지각상과 심상상의 뜻이 강하게 내포하고 있는 것으로 영상은 끊임없이 변화하는 빛의 정보가 물리적인 프로세스에 의해 생성되고 재현되는 시지 각상이라고 정의하였다. 또한 21세기 영상표현의 특성은 디지털 기술에 의해 실존하는 구체적인 허상에서 정보화된 허상으로, 종합화, 단순화, 집중화되고 있다는 것을 서술하였다. 이것은 영상커뮤니케이션에 있어 근대의 아날로그 환경과 현대의 디지털환경에 의한 표현양식이 각각 본질적으로 차이가 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이와 같이 테크놀러지의 발달과 함께 영상의 정보화는 인간의 감각기능을 확장시켜 가상적공간에서 대리체험을 통한 조형적 리얼리티를 높이고 있다. 한편으로는 인간이 갖고 있는 창조적 능력을 테크놀러지에 의존하는 경향이 동시에 일어나고 있다. 21세기 영상표현은 $\ulcorner$디지털정보환경$\lrcorner$ 에 의한 사이버 공간에 의한 인간 신체 외적 표현에서 내부적 표현으로 영상세계를 우주화, 내면화하는 양면성을 추구하게 될 것이다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권37호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2014

현재 3D 애니메이션의 영상 표현은 컴퓨터 기술의 발전으로 실사 영화와 구분할 수 없을 정도로 그 경계를 줄여나가고 있다. 이러한 영상 표현의 발전에도 불구하고 관객의 호응은 실사 영화 같은 애니메이션보다 추상적인 표현이 적절하게 이루어진 애니메이션에서 더 높게 나타나고 있다. 이는 모리 마사히로 박사의 '언캐니 밸리'를 통해서도 알 수 있듯이 애니메이션만이 가지는 추상적 미학이 표현될 때 실사적 표현의 애니메이션보다 더 큰 효과를 가져 올 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 그리고 이는 전적으로 캐릭터에 한해서만 적용되고, 실사적 표현이 가능한 기술은 3D 애니메이션의 배경에 한해서만 그 능력을 인정받고 있다. 분명 애니메이션은 애니메이션만이 표현할 수 있는 무한한 세계가 있으며 그 것을 더욱 효과적으로 표현할 수 있는 방법은 더 이상 기술만의 문제로 삼을 수 없다. 본 논문은 3D 애니메이션의 추상적 표현을 캐릭터와 배경으로 나누어 분석해보고, 현재 발전한 애니메이션의 영상 표현 기술이 3D 애니메이션에 보다 효과적으로 사용될 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이는 현재 발전되어 있는 3D 애니메이션의 기술이 향후 애니메이션에 보다 적절하게 적용될 수 있도록 방향을 제시하는데 그 목적을 둔다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

This study analyzed hierarchy of image for visual evaluation of flare skirt. This study analyzed expression words about flare skirt with frequency data of image expression words with different length and volume of flare. Stimuli for the study were set to be 4 different volume of flare ($90^{\circ}$, $180^{\circ}$, $270^{\circ}$, $360^{\circ}$) and 3 different length of skirt(48cm, 58cm, 68cm). Stimuli were made by using I-Designer which is Virtual Sewing System. From simulation of flare skirt, the subjects were asked to write down suggested adjective freely and selected 210 adjectives. With this, we chose total 38 adjectives considering frequencies in the pre-study. And we analyzed the combination process of expression words according to construction factor of flare skirt and hierarchy of image from dendrogram which was resulted by hierarchical cluster analysis. 'Feminine' got high score in all 12 flare skirt. When the skirt was short, it was vivid, and as the skirt got longer, ordinary and pure image showed. Also, as the volume of flare got larger, the average of visual effect was higher than visual image. Visual hierarchy construction according to construction factors of flare skirt could be divided into visual image and visual effect, and visual image was shown to be form 'A type - large volume of flare and short skirt length', 'H type-small volume of flare and short skirt length' and 'X type - large volume of flare and long skirt length'.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.906-917
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of expression and their effects of New painting in fashion illustration since 1990s. This study is focused on searching for the development in expressional techniques of the fashion illustration on the basis of various techniques of New painting. New painting as a trend of new expressionism in America was developed in opposition to the minimalism in the 1980s when the discussion of the post-modernism was most widely. The artists of New painting attempted to resurrect figure through the representation of figure and concrete image, rich in color and strong in image. They also expressed the realistic scene of life with the various kind of medium, materials and styles and appropriation of image from mass media and popular culture. The representation of fashion figure and image through the various kind of painting medium, techniques and styles can express the realistic and sensitive image and increase the communication ability in fashion illustration. It could also deliver the fashion message more clearly through the appropriation of image. These findings indicate that fashion illustrations accept variety by interacting with fine arts and expand the scope of expression.