• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2010

A high sugar rice cultivar 'Danmi' which has been recently developed and released in the Functional Crop Resource Development Division, Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, has high glucose and sucrose contents but has a poor seed development. This defect poses some problem in ensuring stable seedling establishment in the nursery bed. We examined the germination and seedling emergence characteristics of 'Danmi' and determined an optimum seeding rate for seedling establishment. 'Danmi' seeds has a light 1,000-grain weight of 18.2g compared with Ilmibyeo's 26.7g. The 97.4% of 'Danmi' seeds has specific gravity below 1.0 while only 2.0% of seeds was fully developed with specific gravity above 1.12. However, the reverse is true in the Ilmibyeo seed used as a control cultivar. Although the seed germination of Danmi was 89-91% regardless of seed specific gravity but at a slower rate than Ilmibyeo regardless of water soaking temperatures of $20-30^{\circ}C$ because of high seed amount of specific gravity below 1.0 in 'Danmi'. It took 2～4 days longer of seed soaking in the Danmi seeds than Ilmibyeo before germination. 'Danmi' has low normal seedling emergence rate than Ilmibyeo in the seedbed soil due to high percentage of abnormal seedlings like stunting and incomplete growth. Normal seedling emergence rate of 'Danmi' in the seedbed was 62.6～64.9% for 10-day old seedling and 83.5～86.7% for 30-day old seedling which is lower by 29.6～30.0% and 11.3～12%, respectively than Ilmibyeo. Although 'Danmi' has low normal seedling emergence rate, but it has greater seed number per weight basis. Therefore, based on the normal seedling number per unit area of Ilmibyeo(control cultivar) for seedling rate of 10-day and 30-day old seedlings, the recommended seeding rate of 'Danmi' for transplanting rice is 220g seeds for 10-day old seedling and 130g for 30-day old seedling per nursery box, which is equivalent to 1.5 times seed volumes of Ilmibyeo.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.341-351
• /
• 2022

The physiological characteristics, growth, and yield of each regional rice variety ('Odaebyeo', 'Saechucheong', 'Ilmibyeo') were investigated depending on the impact of changes in temperature and CO₂ concentration. Experiments were conducted with a control group, which reflected atmospheric CO₂ concentration and temperature, and treatment groups, in which the CO₂ concentration and temperature were increased by 250 ppm and 2.0℃ from those in the control group. The results showed that the increase in CO₂ concentration and temperature reduced the growth and yield of the rice 'Odaebyeo', but did not substantially change the productivity of the 'Saechucheong' and 'Ilmibyeo'. The increase in CO₂ concentration and temperature increased stomatal conductance and rate of transpiration of the 'Odaebyeo' variety, thereby decreasing its water use efficiency (WUE). In contrast, the increase in CO₂ concentration and temperature increased the photosynthetic rate and WUE of the 'Saechucheong' and 'Ilmibyeo' varieties. The gradual change in climate is considered to directly affect growth and development of rice and diversely affect the productivity of each variety. Therefore, it is necessary to implement technological development, select regionally optimal rice varieties, develop new rice varieties, as well as conduct long-term monitoring of each rice variety for climate adaptation to counter global warming.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.437-441
• /
• 2007

The argE gene of E.coli was introduced into #Ilmibyeo# cultivar of rice by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and a large number of transgenic plants were produced. Embryogenic calli were co-cultivated with A. tumefaciens strain AGL1 carrying the plasmid pCAMBIA1300 containing hygromycin resistance(HygR). Transgenic plants showing in vitro resistance to 50mg/L hygromycin were obtained using a selection procedure. Stable integration of argE and HPT genes into chromosomal DNA was proven by southern blot analysis and PCR analysis of genomic isolated from $T_0$ progenies. The fragments of 650 bp(HPT) were detected in transgenic rice lines. The 230 bp(argE) fragments were showed in agarose gel, and detected fragments were matched with size of argE specific primer. The microscopic feature of leaf on scanning electron microscope(SEM) revealed differences between clear and chalky in shape and arrangement of stoma but did not discriminate.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2010

Organic farming system in rice paddy is rapidly expanding in Korea. This study was to find out optimum japonica rice cultivars for organic farming. A field research was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of japonica rice cultivars under no-tillage paddy at Doo-ryangmyeon, Sacheon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The experimental soil was Juggog series (silty clay loam: 56.0% silt, 31.2% clay and 12.8% sand). In experiment, ten lines of Japanese rice cultivars were tested under no-tillage amended with rye (NTR) and no-tillage without cover crop treatment (NTNT). In addition, two Korean japonica rice cultivars as check cultivars were used in this study. The grain yield in NTR was significantly higher in 6.13 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Kinuhikari, 5.30 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Komekogane, 5.25 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Kosihikari, 5.22 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Mazizbare and 5.12 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Akitakomachi compared to two Korean rice cultivars (4.57 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Hwayoungbyeo and 4.00 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Ilmibyeo) in that order. While, grain yield in NTNT was significantly higher in 4.90 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Akitakomachi 3.81 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Hinohikari, 3.74 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Umezkusi, 3.67 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Kosihikari and 3.54 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Dondokuri compared to 3.02 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Ilmibyeo and 2.36 Mg $ha^{-1}$ for Hwayoungbyeo, respectively. The number of panicle per $m^2$ and grain number per panicle were indispensible for increasing the yield of rice. These results were able to find out optimum japonica rice cultivar Akitakomachi for organic farming in no-tillage paddy.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.460-464
• /
• 2003

White spunbonded fabrics has been utilized toy covering in rice seedling nursery. This study, therefore, was carried out to examine the effect of light quality on seedling emergence, growth, morphology, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis to get the information on the color of the fabrics. Blue, red and far-red lights were treated immediately after sowing seeds of three cultivars, Dongjinbyeo, Ilmibyeo and Daesanbyeo. Seedling emergence, growth and morphology, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were measured. Seedling emergence rate of Dongjinbyeo and Daesanbyeo was low under far-red light treatment compared to those under blue and red light ones. Although the rate of Ilmibyeo was not different from three light treatments. Far-red light treatment showed similar response in plant height and leaf length, but yee light increased number of roots. Shoot and root dry weight was the highest in blue and red light treatments, respectively. Total dry weight, however, was the lowest under far-red light treatment. While chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of the three cultivars did not showed consistent response, those were the greatest under red light treatment, and were decreased in order of blue and far-red light treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.119.2-120
• /
• 2003

Seed-borne fungal pathogens on rice seeds were investigated in order to evaluate their effect on rice grain quality. Rice seeds of two cultivars, Ilmibyeo and Daesanbyeo were collected from 27 areas of Korea and the fungal parasites on seeds were isolated by using a blotter method. Isolation frequency and number of species were varied from collection areas of seed samples. A total 13 species of fungi were identified from the seeds. Among them, Altemana alternata was the most frequent over the country. Bipoiaris oryzae most commonly from Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk, Alternaria padwickii from Jeonbuk, and Nigrospora oryzae from Choongnam. However Bipolaris. oryzae, Alternaria padwickii, and Nigrospora oryzae were the most frequently isolated fungi from Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk, and Chungnam, respectively. B. oryzae, A. alternata, A. padwickii, and N. oryzae were dominants on Ilmibyeo showing 10.3％, 10.2％, 5.2％, and 5.2％ infection rate, respectively. While, N. oryzae, A alternata, and Cladosporium sp. were most frequently isolated fungi from Deasanbyeo revealing 15.1％, 9.6％, and 7.5％ infection rate, respectively. These fungi inhabiting on hulls or endosperms of rice seed might be considered as potential factors decreasing rice grain quality. Further investigation of the fungi on grain rice quality are undergoing.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.51 no.spc1
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2006

This experiment was carried out to identify rice varieties suitable for growing under low N-fertilization levels. Eighteen rice varieties were grown at 5.5 kg and 11 kg/10a nitrogen levels in 2004-2005 in Taegu, Korea. Several varieties like Ilmibyeo, Nampyeongbyeo, Sindongjinbyeo, Dongjin 1 and Donganbyeo yielded more than 470 kg/10a. Low N-fertilization level (5.5 kg/10a) decreased yields of Junambyeo and Donganbyeo by more than 10%. However, the decrease in yield was not significant in Surabyeo and Hwayeongbyeo compared with the 11 kg/10a N-fertilizer treatment. Improved grain quality, chemical properties and palatability was noted in some rice varieties. In terms of rice yield and grain quality, Donganbyeo, Ilmibyeo, Ilpumbyeo, Dongjin 1, Saechoocheongbyeo and Saegyehwabyeo were selected as premising rice varieties for growing under low N-fertilization levels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.182-182
• /
• 2017

The objective of this research was to determine controlling effects on rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae) in rice plants by using plant extracts from different extraction methods (water, boiling water, fermentation, and ethanol) from 38 agricultural materials of traditional agriculture. Rice blast was completely suppressed by 3% ethanol extracts in Rheum palmatum roots, and suppressed 97% and 77% by 10% ethanol extracts in onion bulb and pine tree leaves, respectively in a laboratory test. However, other agricultural materials showed low effect on suppression of rice blast. Additionally, in a seedling test, rice injury of two cultivars (Ilmibyeo and Hopyoungbyeo) against rice blast was reduced 40-71%, 29-63%, and 23-63% by 5 and 10% ethanol extracts in Rheum palmatum roots, onion bulb, and pine tree leaves, respectively, compared with non-treated controls. Rice injury of two cultivars (Ilmibyeo and Hopyoungbyeo) against rice blast was reduced by 21-55%, 23-46%, and 5-39% in response to Rheum palmatum roots, onion bulb, and pine tree leaf applications at 100, 200 and $400g/m^2$ at 0 day after seeding, respectively, compared with non-treated controls. Rice plants did not show any leaf injuries and growth reduction after treatments of the Rheum palmatum roots, onion bulb, and pine tree leaf extracts or soil application. Thus, the above materials may be used for controlling rice blast in organically produced rice fields.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.60 no.3
• /
• pp.282-292
• /
• 2015

Seeds of colored rice generally have high anthocyanin and flavonoid content but some cultivars have low seed germination rate. This defect poses unstable seedling establishment in nursery bed. The seed gravity variations of 10 colored rice varieties and its effect on germination, seed soaking duration and their optimum seeding rates for seedling raising in machine transplanting were investigated in the experiment. Based on seed gravity distribution of the 7 black- and 3 red-colored rice varieties at three levels of seed gravity (1.0<, 1.0~1.06, 1.06>), the black colored seeds such as Josaengheugchal and Sinmyungheugchal had high amount of specific gravity of below 1.0 ranging from 86~ 96%, while they had only 3~13% of seeds in specific gravity above 1.06. Sintoheugmi, Heugjinju, Heugnam, Heugkwang had various mass of seeds, showing 29~44% for specific gravity of below 1.0, 24~39% for 1.0~1.06 and 25~45% for above 1.06. On the other hand, the red colored rice such as Hongjinju, Jeogjinju and Geonkanghongmi had high percentage of specific gravity of above 1.06 with 84~86% while they had only 9~12% of specific gravity below 1.0 similar to Ilmibyeo of noncolored rice. The black colored seed generally showed low germination percentage, slow germination speed and long mean germination time, and low water absorption rate as compared with seed of the red colored rice which was similar to those of Ilmibyeo used as a control cultivar. The black colored seeds took 2~4 days longer seed soaking duration than the red colored rice before germination. This was related to high seed amount of specific gravity below 1.0 in black colored rices. The high amount of seed gravity above 1.06 in the colored rice seeds was positively correlated with percentage of germination, germination speed and mean germination time, ripened grain ratio and water absorption. Seed gravity distribution effect were less pronounced between back- and red- colored seeds in seedling emergence. The black colored rice has slightly lower normal seedling emergence rate than the red colored rice and Ilmibyeo in the seedbed soil due to high percentage of ungerminated seed. Normal seedling emergence rate of the black colored rice in the seedbed was 75.2~82.2% for 10-day old seedling and 85.3~ 90.9% for 30-day old seedling which was lower by 4.5~ 8.0% and 0~3.3%, respectively, than the red colored rice. Based on the normal seedling number per tray of Ilmibyeo for seeding rate of 10-day and 30-day old seedlings, the recommended seeding rate of black colored rice is 200~ 220g seeds for the 10-day old seedling and 110~130g for the 30-day old seedling in transplanting rice while the seeding rate of the red colored rice was 220g seeds for the 10-day old seedling and 130g for the 30-day old seedling.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.11-14
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to find out a desirable screening condition for the salinity tolerance in germination of rice. Seeds of 33 rice varieties were tested in NaCl solutions with various concentration levels. The germination percentage had a decreasing tendency with increasing NaCl concentration and inhibition concentration of 50% germination was 320mM. Standard deviation of germination percentage was highest (28.6) under 300mM NaCl. There was a highly significant correlation between the 50% germination concentration and the germination percentage at 20th day after seeding in 300mM NaCl. Also in 300mM NaCl, the germination percentage at 20th day after seeding was significantly correlated with the germination percentage at the 6th day after seeding. The salinity tolerance on the basis of germination percentage at 6th day after seeding in 300mM NaCl, was strong in 'Hyangnambyeo', 'Ilmibyeo', 'Kancheogbyeo', and 'Namwonbyeo', while weak in 'Ansanbyeo', 'Odaebyeo', 'Nonganbyeo', 'Dasanbyeo', and 'Namcheonbyeo'.