• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.105-120
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• 2004

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mori Folium herbal acupuncture at St36 on ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice. Methods : C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA (ovalbumin) for 12 weeks (once a week) Two experimental groups were treated with different concentrations (1%, 0.1%) of Mori Folium herbal acupuncture at Chok-samni (St36) for the later 8 weeks (3times/week). Result : 1. Lung weight of the mice group treated with Mori Folium herbal acupuncture decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 2. Total Leukocytes in BALF of the mice group treated with Mori Folium herbal acupuncture decreased significantly compared with those of control group. 3. The number of Eosinophils in BALF of the mice group treated with Mori Folium herbal acupuncture decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 4. The number of $Gr-1^+/CD11b,\;CCR3^+,\;CD4^+,\;CD8^+,\;CD3e^+/CD69^+,\;IgE^+/B220^+$ cells in the lungs of the mice group treated with Mori Folium herbal acupuncture decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 5. The concentration of IgE, IL-13, IL-4 in serum of the mice group treated with Mori Folium herbal acupuncture decreased significantly compared with that of control group. 6. The concentration of IL-4 in BALF of the mice group treated with Mori Folium herbal acupuncture decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion : We conclude that Mori Folium herbal acupuncture is effective on OVA-induced asthma of C57BL/6 mouse.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2015

Allergic diseases have rapidly increased in recent years. Mast cells play a critical role in IgE-mediated allergy responses and, therefore, closely associated with rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. We studied anti-allergic effect of Penthorum chinense extract (PCE) in vitro and in vivo. PCE inhibited the degranulation of mast cells by antigen stimulation and its effect was dose-dependent and reversible in mast cells. PCE also suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-4 by antigen in mast cells. Mechanistically, PCE inhibited the activation of Syk/LAT pathway which is a key signaling pathway for the activation of mast cells by antigen. Notably, PCE suppressed IgE-mediated allergic responses by antigen in mice. These results strongly suggest that PCE is a potential candidate for anti-allergic treatment.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.63-79
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• 2009

Atopic dermatitis induced NC/Nga mice were used to investigate the efficacy of Hyunggaeyunkyotanggamibang(HYGB) on the recovery of dermatitic symptoms through its influence on the immune related factors. The results are as below: 1. HYGB treated group showed improvement of atopic dermatitis with naked eye observation, and significant decrease of dermatitis index was observed after 14 weeks. 2. HYGB treated group showed significant decrease of the ratio of CCR3+, B220+/IgE+, and CD11b+/Gr-1+ immune cells in dorsal skin by 41.7%, 21.5%, and 23.8%, respectively. 3. HYGB treated group showed an increase of CD19+ immune cells by 10.3% in PBMC, whereas CD3+, CD3+/CD69+, NKT+ immune cells were decreased by 4.3%, 42.9%, and 21.7%, respectively. 4. HYGB treated group showed an increase in the expression of IFN-$\gamma$ in the serum by 514.3%. However, the expressions of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-$\alpha$, MCP-1 and RANTES were decreased by 21.2%, 69.8%, 90.5%, 28.7%, 72.2%, 26.1%, and 19.9%, respectively. Also, the expression of IgE was decreased by 44.3%. 5. HYGB treated group showed a decrease of the expression of IL-4 and IL-5 by 43% and 44.3%. The results above indicated that HYGB clinically used for atopic dermatitis treatment has objective validity, and therefore can be provided as the basic data for EBM(Evidence based medicine) construction for anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory studies.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.479-486
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• 2011

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by chronic eczema and mechanical injury to the skin, caused by scratching. Korean red ginseng (RG) has diverse biological activities, but the molecular effects of RG on allergic diseases, like AD, are unclear. The present study was designed to investigate whether RG inhibits 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD in a mouse model. DNCB was applied topically on the dorsal surface of Balb/c mice to induce AD-like skin lesions. We observed the scratching behavior and examined the serum IgE level and interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 in splenocytes compared with dexamethasone. We also evaluated the DNCB-induced mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), NF-${\kappa}B$, and Ikaros activities after RG treatment using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and ELISA. Our data showed that the topical application of RG significantly improved the AD-like skin lesions and scratching behavior. RG decreased not only the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-10, but also the secretion of IL-4 protein and serum IgE in mice. Additionally, RG treatment decreased the DNCB-induced MAPKs activity and subsequent Ikaros translocation irrespective of NF-${\kappa}B$. We suggest that RG may be useful as a therapeutic nutrition for the treatment of AD.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2013

Korean red ginseng (KRG) is reported to have anti-allergic properties, including beneficial effects on asthma and atopic dermatitis. However, its effect on allergic rhinitis has not been studied extensively. This study examined how KRG affected allergic inflammation of the nasal cavity in an allergic mouse model. A total of 40 Balb/c female mice were divided into four experimental groups according to treatment and allergic state: group 1 (G1), saline only; group 2 (G2), ovalbumin (OVA); group 3 (G3), OVA+KRG; and group 4 (G4), OVA+dexamethasone. Serum IgE levels were significantly lower in the KRG treatment group (G3) than in the allergic group (G2). However, serum IgG1 levels did not differ between G2 and G3. In the nasal lavage fluid, IL-4 and IL-5 levels were significantly lower in G3 than in G2 (p<0.05). H&E and Luna staining revealed that the eosinophil count was lower in G3 and G4 than in G2 (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that there were fewer IL-4-, IL-5-, and MUC5AC-positive cells in G3 and G4 than in G2 (p<0.05). These results indicate that KRG reduces the nasal allergic inflammatory reaction in an allergic murine model by reducing Th2 cytokines.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-169
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• 2007

To evaluate the therapeutic effects of BGG on atopic dermatitis, we investigated the composition of immune cells of lymph node, PBMC and skin of Dermatophagoides farinae-induced NC/Nga mice. The levels of immunoglobulins in serum were analyzed at the protein level and the amount of pathologic cytokines were investigated using CD3/CD28 stimulated splenocytes. The results are summarized below; 1. BGG showed no cytotoxic effect up to $200\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ on mLFC in vitro. 2. BGG showed no hepatotoxicity in vivo based on the levels of ALT and AST. 3. Atopic dermatitis was improved through naked eye examination. BGG reduced the skin clinical index from 2.9 to 1.3 (p<0.01). 4. H&E and toluidine blue staining of tissue biopsies revealed that BGG inhibited the infiltration of lymphocytes and mast cells to skin. 5. BGG reduced the number of CD19 positive B cells in PBMCs by 16% (p<0.01), whereas cells were increased by 26% (p<0.05) in lymph nodes. 6. BGG reduced the numbers of B220+/CD23+ cells by 15% (p<0.01) and 33% in PBMCs and lymph node, respectively. 7. BGG reduced the numbers of B220+/IgE+ cells in PBMCs and lymph node by 21% and 33% (p<0.01), respectively. 8. BGG suppressed the levels of IgE (13%, p<0.001) as well as IgM (34%, p<0.001), IgG2a (40%, p<0.001) and IgG2b (26%, p<0.05). 9. BGG reduced the levels of IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$ by 7% (p<0.05) and 13% (p<0.001) in anti-CD3 and anti-CD28-activated splenocytes, respectively. 10. BGG considerably inhibited the production of TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 by 42% (p<0.01) and 15% in the serum, respectively. Based on the results above, we concluded that BGG has therapeutic effects on atopic dermatitis by regulating the differentiation of B cells and isotype switching of IgE. Further investigations on the molecular mechanisms of BGG on atopic dermatitis are anticipated.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.419-428
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• 2011

This study was conducted to test the efficacy of Ulva pertusa kjellman as immunomodulators under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in broilers by investigating their effects on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) like ability, immunoglobulin concentration, and splenic cytokine mRNA expression. A total of ninety six1-d-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into 4 treatment groups with 8 replicates of 3 birds in each group. NC (negative control, no immune substances), PC (positive control, ${\beta}$-glucan 25 ppm), Ulva P (Ulva pertusa kjellman Powder 3%), and Ulva E (Extract form Ulva pertusa kjellman 0.3%) were added in feed with respective substance. Heparinized venous blood and spleens were collected from five birds per dietary treatment at 5 wk of age. The SOD like activities in Ulva P and Ulva E were significantly increased in comparison with other groups (P<0.05). The immunoglobulin M content was lower in the Ulva E than other groups (P<0.05). Expression patterns of splenic cytokine mRNA in the IL-$1{\beeta}$, IL-2 and IL-6 were similar. Expression rate of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2 and IL-6 in Ulva pertusa kjellman (Ulva P, Ulva E) were decreased (P<0.05) in comparison to other groups. Expression rate of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2 and IL-6 were significantly lower in groups treated with Ulva E than Ulva P. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Ulva pertusa kjellman improved SOD like activity and affect immune system by inhibiting inflammatory response in broiler chicks. In addition, it is more effective to use Ulva pertusa kjellman extract than powder for immunomodulatory function. These results suggest the possibility that Ulva pertusa kjellman could be used as the immunomodulator for inflammatory response in broiler chicks.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.679-687
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine closely effect that Onchung-eum(OC) and Samhwangseze-gamibang(SG) used to atopic dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. Atopic dermatitis(AD) of molecular mechanism underlying it's effectiveness is unknown. We analyzed the expression the clinical severities in 13 and 16 weeks old NC/Nga mice, and the spleen weight of OC with SG treated NC/Nga mice, and mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, and CCR3 in the skin tissues of OC with SG treated NC/Nga mice, and IL-1${\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 express of gene, and Histological observation of the ear and skin tissues, and than IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IgM, IgGl levels in the serum of OC with SG treated NC/Nga mouse group compared to the untreated control mouse group. Also, We examined cell toxicity that of OC is safety the strength of 10, 50, 100ppm and inflammatory RAW 264.7 in the serum of OC. Thus in these present study diverse immune responses in terms of chemical mediators related to AD were investigated using an atopic mouse model NC/Nga after OC along with 5G. At the result that OC along with SG treat is can effective use for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.724-730
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• 2013

We investigated the effects of orally administered probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus species) as allergic immune modulators in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with OVA twice at a 2-week interval for allergy sensitization. The mice were then orally administered Lactobacillus casei YIT9029 (L1), L. casei HY7201 (L2), L. brevis HY7401 (L3), or L. plantarum HY20301 (L4) every 2 days for 3 weeks. Total IgE levels significantly decreased in sera of L3-administered mice but increased in the other groups. OVA-specific IgE levels decreased slightly in sera of mice administered L1, L3, and L4 but increased significantly in L2-administered mice. In passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) using sera from administered mice, only the L3-administered group showed reaction inhibition. High expression of TLR-2 with interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ stimulation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells occurred in L3- or L4-administered mice. Th1 cytokines, including IFN-${\gamma}$ and interleukin (IL)-12, increased in splenocytes of L3-administered mice; however, IL-4 decreased in L1- and L4-administered groups; IL-5 decreased in all experimental groups. IL-6 decreased in the L3-administered group; and IL-10 decreased in L1-, L2-, and L3-administered groups. L3 induced antiallergic effects by increasing Th1 cytokines, decreasing Th2 cytokines, and inhibiting the PCA reaction, whereas L2 administration increased allergic effects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.257-264
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of 70% ethanol extract (DR) on the mast cell-mediated allergic contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene in BALB / c mice, which affects the cell activity by antigen in RBL-2H3 mast cells Respectively. The ethanol extracts of RBL-2H3 cells activated by DNP-HSA and anti-DNP IgE antibodies inhibited the secretion of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, histamine, and IL-4 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ Production was suppressed. In the DNFB-induced contact allergic dermatitis animal model, treatment with ethanol extract reduced ear swelling and inhibited serum histamine and IL-4 secretion, and DR treatment effectively prevented mast cell infiltration in dermatitis-induced areas. As a result, the ethanol extract may be used as a therapeutic agent for mast cell-mediated allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis.