• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.409-424
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• 2023

This study aimed to reveal prospective fashion designers' predominant perceptions regarding the ideal body size and shape and to suggest an educational guideline for the design process. Sketch tasks and surveys involving the college students in a fashion design department were conducted over the course of a year. A total of 113 participants designed a white cotton shirt for women in their 30s and 40s. Immediately after the sketching task, the participants answered survey questions on the specific body sizes and shapes they had been picturing. According to the results, the participants designed shirts for a medium-sized, hourglass body shape. As the percentage of women in their 30s and 40s with an hourglass shape is low, a discrepancy exists between the ideal design and the body of the actual consumer. Furthermore, 55% of the participants indicated that they would change the design for a woman with a different body shape. The majority of the participants agreed that understanding the body shape and size is important when initiating ideas. These findings can help educators understand the importance of improving designers' awareness of various body sizes and shapes; they also suggest new directions for fashion design education.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.171-184
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• 2017

The designers pursue the thoughtful and wide thinking through the accumulation of knowledge and cultivation of insights for making use of high-level design philosophy and language. The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of concept figuration types based on designer's 'memory' in landscape design. The results of this study are as follows. First, the design idea starts to be based on the language and image memory of the designer. The figuration types are composed of the verbal and visual view which are representative communication means. Second, the verbal concept figuration of landscape design consists of two types. The symbolic language of the title as a design theme can be a 'phrase', and it should have a hierarchial balance between the master and the sub. 'Descriptive shape of conceptual scenario' is a text that expresses the concept narratively in order that the reader virtually experiences designed landscapes. Third, visual concept figuration of landscape design is divided into three types. 'Simple visualization of a diagram' is easily embodied through a simple graphic using symbols, comments, images and key words. 'Concept sketch and shape of core idea' is useful to grasp the core of the idea such as physical element, form attribute of space and spatial relation at the initial phase of the concept. 'A collage and montage that create a new shape with a combination of images' are a collection of materials and images that provide a new perspective. These are tools to depict them in a compressed way after recording landscapes phenomenon.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.377-383
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• 2022

In today's modern society, along with the 4th industrial revolution, digitalization is rapidly progressing from everyday life to the entire industry. In the field of education, support is being provided at the government level, such as the dissemination of digital devices to create a digital educational environment, and the use of digital devices is remarkably increasing at the level of individual students as well. In the fashion design education field of universities, the number of students using tablet PCs and applications such as iPads is increasing and the scope of its application is expanding, from design concept setting and idea generation to design sketches in the early fashion design process, as well as diagramming and portfolio work. For fashion design sketching, it was found that students mainly use Procreate or Clip Studio applications with iPad. Therefore, by identifying the differentiated functions and characteristics of Procreate and Clip Studio, and examining design sketch examples using them, the possibility of effective use of iPad applications was presented and problems were also examined. Through this study, it is intended to provide basic data for fashion design education that can increase students' interest and achievement by using the iPad application.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.156-166
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to present the suitable material that can be a real help to make the creativity development teaching method for creative inspirations of fashion design. To achieve these goals, researched and analyzed the creativity studies in the fields of psychology, education, and design (visual design, product design, fashion design, etc.) published in the national journal. Through this analysis, were extracted the characteristics of creativity, teaching methods for creativity learning, and expression methods. Based on this, intend to provide the creativity characteristic, the expression method, and the problem solving process in teaching methods for promoting fashion design ability. After the analysis, the results are as follows; First, the classical 4P (Place, Person, Process, Product) is important to a creativity development teaching method for fashion design. The elements of creativity of a creativity development teaching method for fashion design are 5elements; curiosity, openness, originality, patience, and synthetic ability. Second, the typical method is a drawing (such as a sketch) when visually express and embody ideas in fashion design. Drawing is an important activity that is working with the right brain and the left brain. Drawing exercises will reduce the burden of expressing ideas, providing pleasure and fulfillment in the development of creative ideas. Third, offered 5stages to solve problems of a creativity development teaching method for fashion design; understanding stage, idea stage, visualization stage, evaluation stage, and verification stage. Abstract intangible ideas are concreted and elaborated through stages of visual manifestation such as language, symbol, and drawing.

• Archives of design research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.23-46
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• 1993

The development of technology in modern industrial world which grows and changes every day is shortening the cycle of life span of products, so there is a flood of products around us. It is enough to say that this phenomenon leads to further emphasis on the aspect of design for human being. It is not a new fact that to design for the rational function and the modeling from to make a combination and to satisfy consumers' desire is a short cut to gain competitive superiority in developing new products for MIS security. Therefore the design which plays a leading role in the activity of creating more convenient, more aesthetic, and more econemical products is called 'NEW CORPORATE WEAPON'. The amount of effort made for developing products is different in each company, but recently the plan to develope new products and its process arouse more interest. This thesis purports to improve objective understanding about the development of design by investigating products development research and the process of analysis and designing as a case study on developing a domestic supersonic humidifier. This thesis consists of five chapters in all. In chapter one as a preface, the purpose the method and the scope of the study is described. Chapter two contains my effort to grasp the background of study on the design and the basic structure of supersonic humidifier. Chapter three is an examination into the present conditions of supersonic humidifier used in domestic and foreign area, and the shape of design. In chapter four, a guide for the development of design is established. The idea sketch based on a fundamental shape and the drawing are added to this. In chapter five on the basis of the result of analysis in the preceding research I describe the development of design of products on the premise that marketing gives proof for them but the products oriented by manufacturer are not included in this case. In this thesis, I try to recognize the process of the develpment of design and the importance of the plan for design in developing products by examining an investigative and analytic study on the design of products.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.566-574
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• 2009

Recent tendency in modern society for urban design and public space forming it recommended diversity of studies and design development, for the interest in urban design is increasing. In particular, street furniture being one of the important components to construct public space has been researched and developed in aspects of formative and emotional style, broken from the old way of the function-oriented purpose. It could be said that this results from the desire of human pursuing a well-off life, the new value standard regarding design and the life styles in mode. The new development of street furniture could be a creating the value-added source potentially being able to raise community, identity of nation and international competitiveness, beyond the primary purpose, namely the improvement of surrounding environment, and therefore the most of countries in the world are concentrating their life and death on development of design in reality. For this investigation the concept of city design, the basic content analysis of the street furniture and also the contents in the related sectors were reported. In order to develop the bench design, one of the representative items of the street furniture furthermore it was proceeded that basic process for the design like data searching for the object place and the existing case studies. On the basis of this the series of the design development processes such as idea sketch, computer rendering and drawing work were described step by step. The aim of this study is therefore to contribute in compiling the development processes of bench design as a new shape into a data and in utilizing it as a design case study and research material in the related sectors.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.15-24
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the regionality of RCR Arquitectes's architectural characteristics and to figure out how these characteristics were applied to each project. The reason why they become world-class architects, who recently awarded Pritzker Architecture Prize, is because they deal with universality as their most previous inspiration which is harmonized with their own experience of hometown, Olot. They pursue "Equilibrium" is their fundamental aspect which is inspired by their experiences in Olot. The concept "Equilibrium" is classified into three main points. First, the close relationship between the landscape and architecture is priority in this concept, which is the potential of the place through architecture to form a new landscape and to pursue a balance with nature. In order to keep the relationship closer, they captured the intuitive idea through the watercolor sketch in the beginning of the project. And they also promoted the involvement of surrounding nature through horizontality, frame and void, etc. Secondly, they used cor-ten steel as the main material for most projects, and the symbiotic relationship with nature that allow people to have a different sensory experience. And the last feature is that their buildings are easily applied to different usage through users intend and behave so their buildings have transformed with various values. It is because they design buildings with strategy to harmonize between landscape and environment so they have various expansion as buildings or objects. The present era of globalization, architecture with regional identity plays an important role in conveying the values of each region. The purpose of this study is to investigate about RCR Arquitectes, who informed about the Olot and Spain's regionality, and to consider the development of architecture that implies our country's identity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.58-68
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• 2014

Christian Cay Lorenz Hirschfeld is often regarded as 'a father of landscape garden art.' He was an aesthetics professor and garden theoretician in the $18^{th}$ century. He put forth the most comprehensive garden theory book in five volumes between 1779 and 1785. His book, Theorie der Gartenkunst, was translated and widely circulated in his contemporary. The book, which dealt with diverse aspects of garden art such as history, design, material, and type, urged to promote the prevalence of landscape garden in European continents as well as in Germany. However, there have scarcely been discourses in the Hirschfeld's garden theory. This essay aims to review Hirschfeld's garden thoughts in his book critically and to reinterpret some issues in the contemporary landscape theory and practice. Hirschfeldian theory was the product of $18^{th}$ century German Enlightenment and romanticism. At that time, Nature was regarded as divine realm. There was a German affinity with natural world. The spread of reading culture and the fashion of travel literature were another background of the success of his garden literature. Several issues in Hirschfeld garden theory will discussed here. First, privileging garden art was the most significant contribution in his theory. He emphasized that garden art was the most advanced art form among all art genres. Second, garden art was grounded on the mimesis of nature. The ambiguous relationship between nature and art still existed in garden making. However, garden art can be flourished when utilizing the potency of nature in itself. Third, there was the association between the image and the idea in experiencing the garden. Some garden scenes stimulated the related emotional responses such as cheerful and merry, softly melancholic, romantic, solemn etc. Fourth, the movement was the essential aspect of garden art. Motion and emotion are come together in garden experience. To represent the landscape garden style in suitable way, the sketch or image seems to be preferable than the plans and views. Finally, garden art was composing of not only the physical space but also the spirit of place. He maintained the garden art as hortus moralis should be a social metaphor. Hirschfeldian garden theory has often been criticized as the lack of practical power and the old fashioned idea. However, his theory influenced on formulating the idea of public park in $19^{th}$ century. Moreover, there are still some visionary aspects of his theory such as the reevaluation of garden art, the emphasis of locality and the introduction of Mittelweg idea. Recently, gardening culture are prevalent in various realms of art and life. Hirschfeld's garden theory as humanistic landscape theory can provide us some insights in the contemporary practices.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.1 s.63
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• pp.225-234
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• 2006

Product designers sketch various ideas of foreground figures(detail design) onto background figures(basic form) and evaluate numerous combinations of them in the late stages of design process. Designers have to test their ideas elaborately with a high-fidelity physical model that looks like a real product. However, due to the requirements of time and expense in making high-fidelity design models, it is impossible to evaluate such a number of combinatorial solutions of background and foreground figures. Contrary to digital models, physical design models are not easily modifiable and so designers cannot easily develope ideas through iterative design-evaluation process. To address these problems, we proposed a new concept 'Augmented Plasticity' that gives morphological editability to a rigid physical object using Augmented Reality technology and implemented the idea as Digital Skin system. Digital Skin system figures out the position and orientation of object surface with ARToolKit visual marker and superimposes a deformed surface image seamlessly using differential rendering method. We tried to apply Digital Skin system to detail design, redesign of product, and material exploration task. In consequence, it was found that Digital Skin system has potential to allow designers to implement and test their ideas very efficiently in the late stages of design process.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.44-61
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• 2007

The present investigation is concerned chiefly with new curriculum development at the Department of Mechanical System & Design Engineering at Hongik University with the aim of enhancing creativity, team working and communication capability which modern engineering education is emphasizing on. 'Mechanical System & Design Engineering' department equipped with new curriculum emphasizing engineering design is new name for mechanical engineering department in Hongik University. To meet radically changing environment and demands of industries toward engineering education, the department has shifted its focus from analog-based and machine-centered hard approach to digital-based and human-centered soft approach. Three new programs of Introduction to Mechanical System & Design Engineering, Creative Engineering Design and Product Design emphasize hands-on experiences through project-based team working. Sketch model and prototype making process is strongly emphasized and cardboard, poly styrene foam and foam core plate are provided as working material instead of traditional hard engineering material such as metals material because these three programs focus more on creative idea generation and dynamic communication among team members rather than the end results. With generative, visual and concrete experiences that can compensate existing engineering classes with traditional focus on analytic, mathematical and reasoning, hands-on experiences can play a significant role for engineering students to develop creative thinking and engineering sense needed to face ill-defined real-world design problems they are expected to encounter upon graduation.