• 대한의료기공학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Su-Gi therapy for Insomnia by using ISI scores and PSQI test. Methods : We investigated 4 patients on condition of Insomnia who was hospitalized in the M Korean medicine hospital in Gyeonggi Province from 8th June, 2015 to 21st October, 2015. The Su-Gi therapy was treated on patients once a day for 10 minutes. We figured out the outcome by using ISI scores and PSQI test. Results : There were no differences on average sleeping time and the time to falling a sleep. Meaningful outcomes in values of ISI scores and PSQI test was not deduced after Su-Gi therapy. There were some progress on disturbance of daytime due to insomnia, ISI scores and PSQI test. In the Correlation analysis of outcomes of before and after the Su-Gi therapy, there were some improvements on ISI scores and PSQI tests and some questionnaire but were not enough to reach meaningful outcomes. We concluded that the more treatment time is needed to improve the condition of patients on insomnia as we see in PSQI test, one month is minimum period time to draw the conclusion. Conclusions : Theses outcomes suggest a possibilities that improvements who are suffering from insomnia can be get well when the Su-Gi therapy is performed for sufficient moments.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.63-76
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the value and efficacy of BDI, STAI, STAXI, ISI, and SCL-90-R in correlation with depression, anxiety, and insomnia patients. Methods : A total of 39 patients, who were diagnosed with depression, anxiety, and insomnia were evaluated using BDI, STAI, STAXI, ISI, and SCL-90-R. They were then statistically analyzed. Results : 1. BDI scores of depression patients were significantly different from other patients. 2. BDI scores of depression patients had strong positive correlation with STAI-S, and STAI-T scores. 3. STAI-S scores of anxiety patients had positive correlation with BDI, and ISI scores. 4. SCL-90-R depression subscale scores of depression patients had strong positive correlation with somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, global severity index, and positive symptom total subscale scores. 5. SCL-90-R anxiety subscale scores of anxiety patients had strong positive correlation with somatization, obsessive compulsive, depression, phobic anxiety, and global severity index subscale scores. Phobic anxiety subscale scores had strong positive correlation with anxiety, global severity index, and positive symptom total subscale scores. Conclusions : The result findings are expected to serve as a useful resource in future stress-related depression, anxiety, and insomnia case reports and clinical research in oriental neuropsychiatry.

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2017

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 불면증과 정신병적 증상이 지속되는 조현병 환자의 수면 장애와 연관된 요인과 수면의 특징을 평가하는 것이다. 방 법 : 지역사회 정신보건 시설에 거주 중이며 불면증과 정신병적 증상이 동반된 조현병 환자들이 참여하였다(n = 63). The Korean version of Insomnia Severity Index (ISIK)와 the Korean Version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-K)와 같은 수면 척도가 평가되었고, ISI-K 점수가 15점 이상인 대상자들이 연구에 참여하였다. 정신병적, 불안, 우울 증상은 각각 Brief Psychotic Rating Scale (BPRS), the Korean Version of Anxiety Sensitivity Index (K-ASI) 그리고 the Korean Version of Beck Depression Inventory-I(K-BDI)로 평가하였다. 사회인구학적 자료와 ISI-K 그리고 PSQI-K 사이의 상관관계를 확인하기 위해 Pearson correlation analysis를 시행하였다. ISI-K와 PSQI-K에 영향을 미치는 각각의 요인을 확인하기 위하여 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : ISI-K와 PSQI-K의 평균 점수는 각각 $18.1{\pm}2.6$점과 $12.0{\pm}2.2$점이었다. Pearson correlation analysis 결과에서 발병 연령과 ISI-K사이의 음의 상관관계와 BPRS와 PSQI-K 사이, K-ASI와 모든 수면 척도 사이의 양의 상관관계를 확인하였다. ISI-K와 PSQI-K에 대해 K-ASI와 발병연령, K-ASI와 BPRS를 각각 단계적으로 입력한 모든 다중회귀분석에서 K-ASI만이 유의한 요인으로 남았다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 조현병 환자의 불면 증상이 우울 또는 정신병적 증상과 무관한 반면, 불안 증상과 관련이 있다는 점을 제안한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제63권2호
• /
• pp.261-267
• /
• 2020

Objective : We investigated the effect of hypnotics on sleep quality, cognitive function, and depressive mood in patients with insomnia following brain tumor resection. Methods : From patients who underwent brain tumor resection, we recruited 10 patients with insomnia who received hypnotics for more than 1 week during a 3-week follow-up period (insomnia group). We also recruited 12 control patients with brain tumors but without insomnia (control group). We evaluated sleep quality at baseline and 3 weeks later using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and investigated cognitive function and depression using the Computerized Neuropsychological Test and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results : At baseline, SSS, ISI, PSQI, and BDI scores were significantly higher and visual continuous performance test (VCPT) and auditory continuous performance test (ACPT) scores were significantly lower in the insomnia than in the control group. Three weeks later, the patients who had received hypnotics had significantly higher ISI, PSQI, ESS, VCPT, ACPT, visual span forward and backward, and visual recognition test scores, and significantly lower BDI scores. Conclusion : Quality of sleep in patients with insomnia following brain tumor resection was initially poor but improved significantly after taking hypnotic medication. Further, the hypnotic medications appeared to contribute to the amelioration of cognitive impairments and depressive moods in patients who previously underwent brain tumor resection. We thus recommend the use of hypnotics for patients with brain tumors with insomnia.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.103-108
• /
• 2013

Objectives : Korea's average life expectancy is getting longer and longer and the pace of change in society has increased every year as people experience stress more easily. Under this situation, chronic sleep disorder is increasing, but there is no specific program for the treatment of sleep disorder in Korean medicine. Therefore, we studied a Korean medical treatment program for sleep disorder to apply to outpatient clinic patients. Methods : For this study, we evaluated the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), BDI, STAI, FSS on 29 insomnia patients who visited Kyunghee Korean medical hospital from July 2010 to May 2012. Herbal medicine, acupuncture, herbal acupuncture, moxibustion, sleep hygiene, and medical qigong were applied. We compared ISI scores before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results : ISI score was improved after Korean medical treatment for sleep disorder. Before the treatment ISI score was 18.1, which means clinical insomnia. After the Korean medical treatment, the score was 7.5, which means no clinically significant insomnia. Conclusions : The study showed a significant effect on the Korean medical treatment program for sleep disorder to apply to outpatient clinic patients. ISI score was improved and the patients were satisfied with the treatment, so it would be more helpful to apply in sleep clinics.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.50-59
• /
• 2019

연구목적 2형 당뇨병을 지닌 환자의 다수에서 수면문제가 동반되며, 이들에서 불면증의 비율은 일반 인구에 비해서 높다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 2형 당뇨병 환자에서 불면증의 발생빈도, 불면증의 임상적 특징 및 이에 연관되는 변인을 알아보기 위함이다. 방 법 2형 당뇨병으로 진단받은 18세에서 80세 이하의 99명(남자 65명, 여자 34명)을 대상으로 연구자 1인(제1저자)가 면담을 시행하였다. 면담으로 수면 잠복기, 총 수면시간을 조사하였고, 한국판 불면증 심각도 지수(Korean Version of Insomnia Severity Index, ISI-K) 평가하고, 우울증상의 심각도는 한국판 Hamilton 우울증 평가 척도(Korean Version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, K-HDRS)로 평가하였다. ISI-K의 절취점 15.5점을 기준으로 불면증 있는 군(N=34명)과 불면증 없는 군(N=65)으로 양분하여 불면증군과 대조군의 여러 변인과의 연관성을 상관분석하고 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용하여 검토하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 결 과 2형 당뇨병 환자의 34.34%(N=34)에서 불면증이 있었다. 불면증이 있는 2형 당뇨병 환자군은 불면증이 없는 2형 당뇨병 환자군보다 유의하게 미혼(11.8%)이나 이혼(11.8%)이많았고(p<0.05), K-HDRS 총점($11.76{\pm}5.52$점)이 높았으며(p<0.001), 총수면시간($5.35{\pm}2.00$시간)이 짧았고(p<0.001), 수면잠복기($50.29{\pm}33.80$분)가 길었다(p<0.001). 불면증이 있는 2형 당뇨병 환자군은 불면증이 없는 2형 당뇨병 환자군보다 ISI-K 검사상 합계($18.38{\pm}2.69$점), A1 (입면)($2.97{\pm}0.76$점), A2 (수면유지)($3.06{\pm}0.69$점), A3 (일찍 깸)($2.76{\pm}0.61$점), B (수면만족도)($3.18{\pm}0.72$점), C (수면장애로 인한 기능방해)($2.09{\pm}0.97$점), D (남이 알아차림)($2.12{\pm}1.09$점), E (수면장애에 대한 걱정)($2.21{\pm}0.81$점) 등 모든 항목의 점수가 유의하게 높았다(각각 p<0.001). 2형 당뇨병 환자에서 불면증에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 다음과 같다. 나이는 ISI-K A3 항목과 유의한 역상관관계가 있었고 (${\beta}=-0.241$, p<0.05), K-HDRS 총점은 ISI-K 모든 항목과 유의한 순상관관계가 있었으며(각각 p<0.05), 총 수면시간은 ISI-K 모든 항목과 유의한 역상관관계가 있었다(각각 p<0.05). 수면잠복기는 ISI-K 합계, A1, B, E 항목과 유의한 순상관관계가 있었다(각각 p<0.05). 결 론 2형 당뇨병 환자의 약 1/3에서 불면증이 존재하며, 불면증이 없는 2형 당뇨병 환자군과 수면의 양적 및 질적 차이가 있음을 시사한다. 우울증상의 심각도는 2형 당뇨병 환자의 불면증과 상관관계가 있으므로 우울증의 조기 발견과 치료가 요구된다.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.23-48
• /
• 2020

Objectives : This study aimed to suggest distinct signs of Greater yin disease (tàiyīnbìng, 太陰病) by researching the etymology of three terms: zi-tong (自痛), jie-ying (結硬), and yin-er (因爾), which are exclusive found only in Greater yin disease (太陰病) in Gangpyeong-shanghanlun, but not in other categories. Methods : We studied the etymologies of the three terms that are unique in Greater yin disease, then found some pathological signs that are related with them through the four mental illness cases, which include somatization, obsessive-compulsive behavior, delusion, and panic disorder. Results : Based on the definitions of each term, we diagnosed the four patients who had mental illnesses as having Greater yin disease, and we observed meaningful improvements after administering herbal medication. After Gyejigajakyak-tang administration, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score decreased from 18 to 7 and the Beck's Anxiety Index (BAI) score decreased from 36 to 18 in the first case, the ISI score decreased from 27 to 16 and the BAI score decreased from 50 to 33 in the second case, and the ISI score decreased from 23 to 4 and the BAI score decreased from 34 to 5 in the third case. In the last case, the ISI and BAI scores were 16 and 22, respectively, at the first visit, and it was found that the scores had changed to 6 and 22, respectively, at the last visit. Conclusions : We found that the unique terms in Greater yin disease, including zi-tong (自痛), jie-ying (結硬), and yin-er (因爾), can be interpreted as groundless arbitrary assumption, resting strong tension, and psychological projection based on the etymological hypothesis. Therefore, we suggest these as specific signs of Greater yin disease.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.191-200
• /
• 2015

Objectives: We performed this study to certify the objectivity and significance of the Core Assessment Instrument Based on Chiljeong as a diagnostic measure in insomnia patients. Methods: We collected self-report questionnaires from inpatient and outpatient targets that had symptoms of insomnia. Descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way repeated measure ANOVA and Pearson Correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results: Bi and Kyeong emotion scores were higher but the Hui emotion score was lower for insomnia patients. Regarding the relationship between ISI score and the Core Assessment Instrument Based on Chiljeong, the more severe the insomnia, the higher the Sa and Kyeong emotion scores were, whereas the Hui emotion score was lower. Patients that were male, married, old, and had higher education showed a stronger correlation between Gyeong and ISI scores. Conclusions: Using the Core Assessment Instrument Based on Chiljeong for insomnia is thought to be helpful in both the diagnostic and clinical aspects of insomnia.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.263-274
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the correlation of insomnia, sleep quality, depression, and circadian rhythm in nursing students. Methods: A total of 213 subjects completed a questionnaire consisting of their general characteristics, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D), and Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The subjects' mean scores were ISI 7.18; PSQI 11.18; CES-D 16.00; and CSM 30.18. In insomnia, there were significant differences according to caffeine, perceived health status and major satisfaction. In sleep quality, there were significant differences according to perceived health status and major satisfaction. Significant differences in depression were observed according to gender, caffeine, subjective health status, major satisfaction, and circadian rhythm by drinking and exercise. A significant positive correlation was observed among ISI, PSQI, and CES-D. ISI and CES-D were negatively correlated. Conclusion: Tailored health care programs should be developed and applied to prevent and manage sleep-related and emotion-related problems in nursing students by considering the health status, major satisfaction, and gender.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2014

Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the reproducibility of peri-implant tissue assessment using the new implant success index (ISI) in comparison with the Misch classification. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 22 cases of peri-implant soft tissue with different conditions were selected, and color slides were prepared from them. The slides were shown to periodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, prosthodontists and general dentists, and these professionals were asked to score the images according to the Misch classification and ISI. The intra- and inter-observer reproducibility scores of the viewers were assessed and reported using kappa and weighted kappa (WK) tests. Results: Inter-observer reproducibility of the ISI technique between the prosthodontists-periodontists (WK=0.85), prosthodontists-maxillofacial surgeons (WK=0.86) and periodontists-maxillofacial surgeons (WK=0.9) was better than that between general dentists and other specialists. In the two groups of general dentists and maxillofacial surgeons, ISI was more reproducible than the Misch classification system (WK=0.99 versus WK non-calculable, WK=1 and WK=0.86). The intra-observer reproducibility of both methods was equally excellent among periodontists (WK=1). For prosthodontists, the WK was not calculable via any of the methods. Conclusion: The intra-observer reproducibility of both the ISI and Misch classification techniques depends on the specialty and expertise of the clinician. Although ISI has more classes, it also has higher reproducibility than simpler classifications due to its ability to provide more detail.