• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.38-46
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• 2013

The goal of vocational school is to provide students with basic skills and help develop them to have satisfactory careers. With the knowledge they have learned, it helps them to find their interests and aptitudes when they graduate. The government is putting a lot of effort into clarifying the goal accomplishment and the vision proposals of vocational schools, and the structure-oriented guidance controlled by the government is thought to be very influential to the social structure and individual perceptions. Social stereotypes(discrimination) and perceptions that can be the core of a social structure need to be transformed for people to be fulfilled in their careers in the upcoming advanced Korean society. The important solution is to form correct values and a system of career selection which can ensure a stable future for students. Therefore, to carry out research regarding training human resources in terms of students from vocational schools' landscape architecture majors in an approaching method with a new perspective, we analyzed education plans from vocational schools in 11 regions, textbooks used in common, governmental publications regarding career education policies of vocational schools and questionnaires from students who are majoring in landscape architecture at vocational schools. As a result, we were able to find out the types and the frequencies of career-occupation education at each school through analysis of education plans and the necessity to control the amount and the level of the contents for high school students to have careers in analyzing textbooks. In addition, in Ministry of Education, Science and Technology's analyzing career education policies of vocational schools, we figured out the government's policies and directions of training. From the questionnaires from students majoring in landscape architecture, we were able to compare and analyze the satisfaction level of students on career education(education plans), textbooks, governmental career policies and career selection.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.209-218
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to improve the curriculum for industrial design department in the junior colleges. In order to achieve the purpose, two methodologies were carried out. First is job analysis of the industrial designers who have worked in the small & medium manufacturing companies, second is survey for the opinions of professors in the junior colleges. Some results were as follows: 1. The period of junior college for industrial designers is 2 years according to present. But selectively 1 year of advanced course can be established. 2. The practice subjects same as computational formative techniques needed to product development have to be increased. In addition kinds of selection subjects same as foreign language, manufacturing process, new product information and consumer behavior investigation have to be extended. 3. The next subjects need to adjust the title, contents and hours. (1) The need of 3.D related subjects same as computer modeling, computer rendering, 3.D modeling was high. The use of computer is required to design presentation subjects. (2)The need of advertising and sale related subjects same as printing, merchandise, package, typography, photography was low, the need of presentation techniques of new product development was high. (3) The need of field practice, special lecture on practice and reading original texts related subjects was same as at present, but these are not attached importance to form. As the designers feel keenly the necessity of using foreign language, the need of language subject was high.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.662-671
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• 1996

Since the world's economic and political structures have changed, the term 'globlization' has shown up as a dominant power and as a necessity for regional and national development. Each nation is responding to the globalization process economically and politically in various ways. In general, however, the economic response to the globalization is economic restructuring from the Fordist industries to 'flexible specialization'. And the political response to the globalization is 'global localization' as a new type of local politics(i.e., local policy activism or growth-enhancing local development policies). The crisis of Fordism shifted the role of local governments towards more involovement with local economic development. Local governments are mobilizing for loca economic development, they are taken into a process of institutional change that tends to redefine their responsibilities inside the state. Local governments thus tend to act as an entrepreneur in order to restructure theiir local economies and to compete with other national and international regions. State restructuring towards enerepreneurialism and efficient regional policy pursuing a pro-growth coalition trategy is chosen as a new mode of regulation for the post-Fordism at the local level. The flexible specialization as the post-Fordist economy and the local government as an entrepreneur are the global choice for globalization and a post-Fordist society. The paper focuses on the regulation theory which comprises the political economic perspective on resturcturing. Economic restructuring and state restructuring will be discussed in detail. And the paper tries to combine the economic globalization and the global localization as economic and political responses to globalization.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.1-24
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• 2019

This study confirms the responses of consumers when the composition of emoticon bundles can be selected by individuals in MIM service. This aims to verify that customized bundling is a valid marketing strategy in the MIM emoticon market. Currently, the emoticon bundling used in Korean MIM services is in the form of pure bundling. As a result, Consumers must purchase an entire bundle even though he/she doesn't need to use all the emoticons contained in it. Some researches(e.g. Hitt & Chen, 2005; Wu & Anandalingam, 2002) show that when consumers value only part of the products or services included in pure bundling, customized bundling is much more profitable. In their works, customized bundling is appropriate when marginal costs are near zero. Information goods, such as emoticons, meet the condition. On the other hand, customized bundling increase the choosable options, so it can pose a problem of complexity (Blecker et al., 2004). And consumers may experience information overload(Huffman & Kahn, 1998). Thus, judgement on the necessity to introduce customized bundling needs to be made through empirical analyses in the light of characteristics of the product and the reaction of consumers. Results show that when customized bundling was introduced, consumers' purchase intention and willingness to pay significantly increased. Purchase intention for customized bundles has increased by 0.44 based on the five point Likert scale than the purchase intention for existing pure bundles. The increase in purchase intention for customized bundles was statistically independent of the existing purchasing experience. In addition, the willingness to pay was increased by about 2.8% compared to the price of the existing emoticon bundles in the whole group. The group with experience in purchasing pure bundles were willing to pay 5.9% more than pure bundles. The other group without experience in purchasing pure bundles were willing to buy if they were about 5% cheaper than the existing price. Overall, introducing customized bundling into emoticon bundles can lead to positive consumers responses and be a viable marketing strategy.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2000

This study has analyzed soft contact lens care-after-sale and periodic examinations at optical shops and eye clinics. And I wish to make that use of educational data for the soft contact lens lesson of the department of ocular optics. This questionnaire studied the status of care for soft contact lens and periodic examination, of students who wears soft contact lens. The results are as follows: First, 7.5% of students questioned wore soft contact lens. More women than men wore soft contact lens. The soft contact lens wearers purchased lens mainly at optical shops. 78.5% of them wore daily wear lens. Because of cosmetic advantages of soft contact lens. 47.9% of them wore soft contact lens. 72.5% of them wore soft contact lens less than 12 hours per a day. 32.0% of them has worn soft contact lens more than 6 months less than 1 year. 51.1% of them experienced irritation. 39.7% of them have exchanged soft contact lens between 6 and 9 months. Secondly, when purchasing lenses. 60% of soft contact lens wearers were given instructions of general care, such as duration of wearing lens, how to remove protein, how to store, and how to sterilize at both of eye clinics and optical shops. But the proportion of instructions, such as side effects and periodic examination which were given to soft contact lens wearers, is lower both at eye clinics and optical shops. Especially at optical shops, the proportion of instruction for periodic examination, is lower than at eye clinics(p<0.05). Thirdly, The proportion of operations of periodic examinations after use of soft contact lens both at eye clinics and optical shops, is low. The soft contact lens wearers have had more periodic examinations at eye clinics than at optical shops. But the rate of non-periodic examination at optical shop is 87.9%. And for periodic examinations, general care was done at optical shops. On the other hand, eye examinations, general care, and treatments were done more at eye clinics. Fourthly, 60.3% of the soft contact lens wearers understood the necessity of the periodic examinations, but actually, only 6.4% of them were given the schedule for the periodic examinations, and 2.5% of them were given at an optical shop(p<0.01).

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.636-662
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• 2018

Recently, the Moon administration established the Ministry of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Startups, as part of its national strategy for start-up and innovation growth led by small and medium-sized venture companies. In a slowing economy, as venture companies with excellent internal competencies are seen to be favorable to growth, the government funding for technology development is becoming increasingly important. Previous studies examine the internal competence factors that can strengthen competitiveness through self-efforts and the influence structure of growth stage, which is an important factor in industrial environment, on business performance. As the government support for venture firms has been strengthened, the effect of government funding on the management performance and technological innovation performance of venture firms have been recently discussed in various ways. However, there is a lack of precedent research on the moderating effect of the utilization of government funding on the existing influence structure in which firm's internal competence and growth stages affects business performance. Therefore, this study examined whether the internal competencies of the venture firms and the stage of growth have direct effects on business performance and analyzed the moderating effect in connection with government funding utilization under these influence structures. The results of the study are as follows. First, the utilization of government funding in the venture firms whose R&D personnel ratio is relatively low, not to have own brands and showed an increase of employees has a significantly positive influence on business performance. Second, the moderating effects of the government funding utilization at the high growth stage of the venture firms are shown significantly. These results suggest that the venture policy linked to the job creation of the present government requires not only the support considering R&D personnel but also the necessity of supporting human resources policy to a greater extent and further study on the effectiveness of venture firms in the high growth stage.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.156-165
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• 2002

Background: A tracheal stenosis is caused by mucosal ischemic injury related to a high cuff pressure ($P_{cuff}$) of the endotracheal tube. In contrast, aspiration of the upper airway secretion and impaired gas exchange due to cuff leakage is related to a low $P_{cuff}$. To prevent these complications, the $P_{cuff}$ should be kept appropriately because the appropriate $P_{cuff}$ appears to change according to the patient's daily respiratory mechanics. However, the constant cuff volume($V_{cuff}$) has frequently been instilled to the cuff balloon on a daily basis to maintain the optimal $P_{cuff}$ instead of monitoring the $P_{cuff}$ directly at the patients' bedside. To address the necessity of continuous $P_{cuff}$ monitoring, the change in the $P_{cuff}$ was evaluated at various $V_{cuff}$ levels on a daily basis in patients with long-term mechanical ventilation. The utility of mercury column sphygmomanometer for the continuous monitoring $P_{cuff}$ was also investigated. Method: The change in $P_{cuff}$ according to the increase in $V_{cuff}$ was observed in 17 patients with prolonged endotracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation for 2 week or more. This maneuver measured the change in $P_{cuff}$ daily during the mechanical ventilation days. In addition, the $P_{cuff}$ measured by mercury column sphygmomanometer was compared with the $P_{cuff}$ measured by an automatic cuff pressure manager. Results : There were no statistically significant changes of $P_{cuff}$ during more than 14 days of intubation for mechanical ventilation. However the $V_{cuff}$ required to maintain the appropriate $P_{cuff}$ varied from 1.9 cc to 9.6 cc. In addition, the intra-individual variation of the $P_{cuff}$ was observed from 10 $cmH_2O$ to 46 $cmH_2O$ at constant 3 cc $V_{cuff}$. The $P_{cuff}$ measured by the bedside mercury column sphygmomanometer is well coincident with that measured by the automatic cuff pressure manager. Conclusion: Continuous monitoring and management of the $P_{cuff}$ to maintain the appropriate $P_{cuff}$ level in order to prevent cuff related problems during long-term mechanical ventilation is recommended. For this purpose, mercury column sphygmomanometer may replace the specific cuff pressure monitoring equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.75-86
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• 2015

The survey was taken from July to August 2012 by users who visited Gyeongju National Park to compare the perceived gap of users regarding management policy by characteristic of Gyeongju National Park district type in this study. Gyeongju National Park users' characteristic, use pattern and perception regarding park management policy were created as survey items. First, district type was classified based on use pattern of the visitor and the key resources of 8 districts in Gyeongju National Park. Tohamsan District, which has many visitors for the purpose of scenery appreciation and recreation with Bulguksa and Seokguram Grotto, is classified as tourism type, Namsan and Daebon District, which bring in many visitors seeking to learn about historical culture and environmental education, could be classified as historical culture education types, and Hwarang, Seoak, Sogeum River, Gumisan District are places residents use for physical training, hiking and walking to improve health, thus classifying them as neighborhood park types. People perceived that the tourism type is where users for historical artifact tours are concentrated, thus consideration for plans that can improve visitors' satisfaction from a user limit policy is required, and a manager's right to control use behavior must be reinforced in historical culture education types. On the other hand, users of neighborhood parks found the lowest necessity for most of the policy, and this showed that users of each of Gyeongju National Park's districts felt differently about the need for policies. This result is expected to be utilized as a database for introducing policy that reflects the perception of users in each districts of Gyeongju National Park in the future.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.137
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• pp.151-191
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• 2016

Kant and Lacan strongly criticized the epistemological premise of formal logic. However, Lacan was opposed to Kant in terms of subject, object, knowledge and truth. From the viewpoint of Kant's transcendental logic, formal logic does not have the ability to represent the nature of truth. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of Lacan's psychoanalytic logic, Kant's transcendental logic misunderstands or only partially represents the state of things. But I would like to try to criticize the epistemological premise of the two forms of logic. Transcendental logic takes the evident and new function in that it has studied the necessary condition of content rather than the form of thinking which formal logic considers as his object of study. Transcendental logic evidently studies the categories which dominate our way of thinking. Can we say that the 12 categories which Kant provided are sufficient in explaining the necessity of thinking? Lacan's psychoanalytic logics tells us that Kant's categories are only a kind of metaphor related with hypothesis that tries to explain the possibility of synthetical judge a priori. Is Lacan's psychoanalytic logic sufficient in explaining the possibility of science? It is not sufficient in explaining the objectivity and strictness of science, for it depends on metaphor and metonymy which are useful to literature and unconsciousness. I would like to try to synthesize Kant's transcendental and Lacan's psychoanalytic logic in terms of structure-constructivism which combines both formal and dialectical logic, which is consistent with the ideal of human science, and not blinkered science. My conclusion is that Kant's ethical and esthetical theory should be modified though Lacan's psychoanalytic logic, and Lacan's theory of the unconsciousness revised by Kant's transcendental logic.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.125-141
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• 2021

The rapidly changing social structure of the digital environment is having a significant impact on economic activities. That is also an important issue for Individuals who want to sustain economic activities and countries that support policies. Non-face-to-face industries have been revitalized due to the problem of human capital utilization attributed to aging population, the real economic recession caused by Corona 19, contraction of face-to-face economic activities, reduction of employment, and job instability. Accordingly, digital media contents based economic activities have become commonplace, and the government's main policy issue is to use human capital effectively for media contents based economic activities. Adaptation to the digital environment has become a necessity, not a choice, for those who wish to continue to be in employment. Therefore, this study analyzed the effects of digital and individual abilities on intention to sustain the economic activity and verified the modulation effect of the role model. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, an online survey was conducted on men and women aged 20 to 80 nationwide, and 382 of the 385 collected questionaires were analyzed. The SPSS 23.0 program was used to analyze this study, and the questionaire questions were measured using the Likert 5-point scale. As a result of the analysis, first, the ability to utilize media contents in digital capacity has a positive impact on the intention to sustain economic activity, and that the higher the ability to utilize the latest digital media contents such as SNS, the more likely the intention to sustain economic activity. Secondly, it was found that the financial strength of individuals' abilities was affected by the negative impact, and that the experiences were affected by positive(+) impact on the intention to sustain economic activity. Thirdly, the social environment has no significant effect on the intention to sustain economic activity. Fourth, it was found that family support amongst social support has a positive impact on the intention to sustain economic activity, and that various emotional support for families has increased intention to sustain economic activity. Fifth, the role model was found to have a positive(+) impact on economic sustainability, while the ability to utilize media content and family support played a modulating role on economic sustainability. Therefore, as a result of this research, the government's policy support for employment and entrepreneurship is required in accordance with digital media content based digital education and human structure in order to sustain economic activities.