• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2013

Recently, the SURF algorithm, which is conjugated for object tracking system as part of many computer vision applications, is a well-known scale- and rotation-invariant feature detection algorithm. The SURF, due to its high computational complexity, there is essential to develop a hardware accelerator in order to be used on an IP in embedded environment. However, the SURF requires a huge local memory, causing many problems that increase the chip size and decrease the value of IP in ASIC and SoC system design. In this paper, we proposed a way to design a SURF algorithm in hardware with greatly reduced local memory by partitioning the algorithms into several Sub-IPs using external memory and a DMA. To justify validity of the proposed method, we developed an example of simplified object tracking algorithm. The execution speed of the hardware IP was about 31 frame/sec, the logic size was about 74Kgate in the 30nm technology with 81Kbytes local memory in the embedded system platform consisting of ARM Cortex-M0 processor, AMBA bus(AHB-lite and APB), DMA and a SDRAM controller. Hence, it can be used to the hardware IP of SoC Chip. If the image processing algorithm akin to SURF is applied to the method proposed in this paper, it is expected that it can implement an efficient hardware design for target application.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.269-280
• /
• 2003

Objective: We reported the overcoming effect of $Ni^{2+}$ on the in vitro 2-cell block of mouse embryos. In this study, we aim to investigate whether $Ni^{2+}$ should induce intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ transient in the mouse embryos. Materials and Methods: Embryos were collected at post hCG 32hr from the oviduct of the ICR mouse and cultured in M2 medium omitted phenol red. Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ was checked by using a confocal laser scanning microscope and fluo-3AM by using various intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ antagonists. Results: In 1mM $Ni^{2+}$ treated medium which contained $Ca^{2+}$(1.71mM), 75.7% of the embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient about 200 sec later. In the $Ca^{2+}$-free medium, 69.8% of the embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient. In U73122, phospholipaseC(PLC) inhibitor (5uM, 10min) pretreated group, 33.3% of the embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient. Heparine, inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor(IP3R) antagonist preinjected embryos showed no response with 1mM $Ni^{2+}$. In danthrolene treatment, ryanodine receptor(RyR)-antagonist, 43% embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient but they showed delayed response about 340sec in the presence of $Ca^{2+}$. Conclusions: Summing up the above results, $Ni^{2+}$ seems to induce $Ca^{2+}$-release from the $Ca^{2+}$-store even in the $Ca^{2+}$-free medium. IP3 receptors of the mouse 2-cell embryos might have an essential role for the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ increase by $Ni^{2+}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
• /
• 1998.05b
• /
• pp.763-768
• /
• 1998

방사성동위원소 생산용 표적을 중성자 조사하기 위해 하나로의 제반 특성을 고려하여 조사용기를 개발하였다 IP(Isotope Production), HTS(Hydraulic Transfer System) 조사공별로 내.외부용기를 제작하였으며 재료는 검증된 Al-1050을 사용하였다. 내부용기는 냉간용접(Cold Welding) 하고, 외부용기는 TIG(Tungsten Inert Gas) 또는 전자빔으로 용접한 후 He을 충진하고 밀봉하였다. 조사용기의 건전성을 입증하기 위해 기포누설시험, 내압시험, 가열시험, 침투탐상시험, He 누설시험을 수행하였다. 기포누설시험 결과 내부용기는 90% 이상이 3x$10^{-6}$atm.cc/sec 이하의 누설율을 보였고, 내압시험 결과 파단압력은 28kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ 정도였다. 외부용기는 TIG 용접시 70%, 전자빔 용접시 90% 이상이 누설율 1x$10^{-8}$atm.cc/sec 이하였다. 개발된 조사용기를 사용하여 하나로에서 200여회 방사성동위원소를 생산하였으나 중성자 조사중 누출을 포함한 기타의 문제가 발생하지 않았다. 조사용기 개발에서 확립된 밀봉시험, 내압시험 및 가열시험 방법은 기체표적이나 내압이 발생하는 표적용기의 개발 및 시험에 응용할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2002.07b
• /
• pp.1002-1005
• /
• 2002

We have synthesized novel stilbenequinone derivatives(ASQ, PSQ) and investigated the properties of their electron drift mobility. Characteristics of the ionization potential Ip and electron affinity Ea of the ASQ were investigated by determining both oxidation and reduction potentials. There were estimated Ip = 7.1 eV and Ea = 3.6 eV. The electron drift mobility of ASQ mixture(R:t-Bu 10wt%) was $1.5{\times}10^{-5}cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$ at $6.15{\times}10^{5}V/cm$ and $1.3{\mu}m$ thickness.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.182-184
• /
• 2005

An embedded system has been applied to many fields including households and industrial sites. The embedded system is implemented fur image tracking in security area. This system supports a fixed IP far the reliable server operation on TCP/IP networks. A real time video image on the is analyzed to detect a certain invader who jumped into the observed area. The digital camera is connected at the USB host port of the target board. The video images from the video camera is continuously analyzed and displayed at the Linux web-server. The moving vector of the invaders on the continuous image frames is calculated and then it sends the calculated pan/tilt movement. That used Block matching algorithm and edge detection algorithm for past speed. And the displacement vector is used at pan/tilt motor control through RS232 serial cable. The experiment result showed tracking performance by the moving part speed of 10 to 150 pixels/sec.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.7B
• /
• pp.647-659
• /
• 2003

LPM(Longest Prefix Matching)searching in If address lookup is a major bottleneck of IP packet processing in the high speed router. In the conventional lookup table for the LPM searching in CAM(Content Addressable Memory) the complexity of fast update take 0(1). In this paper, we designed pipeline architecture for fast update of 0(1) cycle of lookup table and high throughput and low area complexity on LPM searching. Lookup-table architecture was designed by CAM(Content Addressable Memory)away that uses 1bit RAM(Random Access Memory)cell. It has three pipeline stages. Its LPM searching rate is affected by both the number of key field blocks in stage 1 and stage 2, and distribution of matching Point. The RTL(Register Transistor Level) design is carried out using Verilog-HDL. The functional verification is thoroughly done at the gate level using 0.35${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS SEC standard cell library.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2000

Objects : Aimed to test the hypothesis that neonatal testosterone exposure in female mice influences the development of testosterone-related pain inhibitory system and that testosterone administered in adulthood decreases the pain sensitivity. Methods : Thirty androgenized(testosterone propionate $100{\mu}g$ ip within 24 hrs after birth) adult female and twenty five control(normal saline $100{\mu}g$ ip within 24 hrs after birth) adult female mice were injected with testosterone propionate 1mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days from 84th experimental days. Nociceptive sensitivity was measured before and after treatment of testosterone by tail flick latency on 84th and 86th experimental days. Results : 1) On the 84th experimental day, basal nociceptive sensitivity was significantly higher in the androgenized group($2.7{\pm}0.4$ sec) as compared to the control group($3.3{\pm}1.1$ sec). 2) Testosterone treatment on the 84th experimental day significantly lowered nociceptive sensitivity in both androgenized($5.2{\pm}0.9$ sec) and control groups($4.6{\pm}1.8$ sec). However the effect was significantly greater in the androgenized group. 3) Nociceptive sensitivity on 86th experimental day before administration of testosterone was significantly lower in the androgenized group($4.8{\pm}1.9$ sec) as compared to the control group($3.9{\pm}1.2$ sec). 4) Testosterone treatment on the 86th experimental day significantly lowered the nociceptive sensitivity in both groups, but the androgenized group($5.9{\pm}0.9$ sec) showed significantly lower post-treatment nociceptive sensitivity as compared to the control group($4.9{\pm}1.5$ sec). 5) Nociceptive sensitivity was decreased significantly after injection of testosterone once a day for two consecutive days in the androgenized group(${\Delta}2.1{\pm}1.0$ sec), but not in the control group(${\Delta}0.5{\pm}1.3$ sec). Conclusions : There may be a testosterone-related pain inhibitory system, the development of which is enhanced by exposure to testosterone in the neonatal period, and the activity of which is also mediated by testosterone in the later life.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.144-156
• /
• 1993

This study was performed to investigate the effect of octreotide on the contractility of rat vas deferens. The smooth muscle strips isolated from the prostatic portion were myographied in isolated organ bath, Electric field stimulation (monophasic square wave, duration: 1 mSec, voltage : 50 V, frequency : 5 Hz or 30 Hz, train: 10 Sec) produced reproducible contraction. The contraction was composed of two component, first phasic component (FPC) and second tonic component (STC). These contractions were abolished by tetrodotoxin ($1{\mu}M$). Octreotide inhibited the field stimulation induced contractions both FPC and STC concentration-dependently. The FPC was decreased by a desentization of purinergic receptor by pretreatment of mATP, and the STC was decreased by pretreatment of reserpine(3 mg/kg, IP) 24 hours before experiments. Octreotide reduced the field stimulation induced contraction in the presence of mATP and of reserpinized muscle strips. The inhibitory effect of octreotide was more potent at 5 Hz than at 30 Hz. Octreotide did not affect basal ton and exogenous norepinephrine- or ATP-induced contraction. These results suggest that octreotide inhibit the contractility of the isolated rat vas deferens by inhibition of the release of neurotransmitters, both ATP and norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve terminal.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.625-633
• /
• 2021

This paper describes a scalable architecture for flexible hardware implementation of Montgomery modular multiplication. Our scalable modular multiplier architecture, which is based on a one-dimensional array of processing elements (PEs), performs word parallel operation and allows us to adjust computational performance and hardware complexity depending on the number of PEs used, N_PE. Based on the proposed architecture, we designed a scalable Montgomery modular multiplier (sMM) core supporting eight field sizes defined in SEC2. Synthesized with 180-nm CMOS cell library, our sMM core was implemented with 38,317 gate equivalents (GEs) and 139,390 GEs for N_PE=1 and N_PE=8, respectively. When operating with a 100 MHz clock, it was evaluated that 256-bit modular multiplications of 0.57 million times/sec for N_PE=1 and 3.5 million times/sec for N_PE=8 can be computed. Our sMM core has the advantage of enabling an optimized implementation by determining the number of PEs to be used in consideration of computational performance and hardware resources required in application fields, and it can be used as an IP (intellectual property) in scalable hardware design of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC).

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.632-639
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of drive swing on multiple functional wear wearing in golf. The subjects were 6 men ($22.67{\pm}0.82$ yrs, $175.42{\pm}3.42cm$, $78.75{\pm}4.78kg$), who had career each with at least 8 yers golf experience with right-hander. For kinemetical analysis, this study used equipments with 7 motion capture cameras (300Hz) and analysis program (Nexus1.5). The total time of the club head, displacement magnitude of the COM and swing plane were compared of according to functional wear wearing and non-weraing during golf drive swing. The results of the study are as follows. The total time of the club on wearing ($2.18{\pm}0.06sec$) was faster than non-wearing ($2.52{\pm}0.15sec$). Displacement magnitude of the COM on wearing ($4.06{\pm}0.67cm$) was shorter than non-wearing ($5.79{\pm}0.72cm$). Also, swing plane was found to be significantly different of 3 phase excepted BST-DS (back swing top-down swing) phase. AD-BST (address-back swing top) phase on wearing ($13.86{\pm}3.08cm$) decrease more than non-wearing ($20.82{\pm}3.99cm$), DS-IP (down swing-impact) phase on wearing ($6.25{\pm}1.35cm$) decrease more than non-wearing ($7.18{\pm}1.52cm$) and IP-FT (impact-follow though) phase on wearing ($7.93{\pm}2.09cm$) decrease more than non-wearing($9.68{\pm}2.02cm$). The multiple functional wear wearing was contribution to come close for one-plane, a long with consistency and accuracy on golf drive swing.