• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2002

Cow image processing technique would be useful not only for recognizing an individual but also for establishing the image database and analyzing the shape of cows. A cow (Holstein) has usually the unique speckle pattern. In this study, the individual recognition of cow was carried out using the speckle pattern and the content-based image retrieval technique. Sixty cow images of 16 heads were captured under outdoor illumination, which were complicated images due to shadow, obstacles and walking posture of cow. Sixteen images were selected as the reference image for each cow and 44 query images were used for evaluating the efficiency of individual recognition by matching to each reference image. Run-lengths and positions of runs across speckle area were calculated from 40 horizontal line profiles for ROI (region of interest) in a cow body image after 3 passes of 5$\times$5 median filtering. A similarity measure for recognizing cow individuals was calculated using Euclidean distance of normalized G-frame histogram (GH). normalized speckle run-length (BRL), normalized x and y positions (BRX, BRY) of speckle runs. This study evaluated the efficiency of individual recognition of cow using Recall(Success rate) and AVRR(Average rank of relevant images). Success rate of individual recognition was 100% when GH, BRL, BRX and BRY were used as image query indices. It was concluded that the histogram as global property and the information of speckle runs as local properties were good image features for individual recognition and the developed system of individual recognition was reliable.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.244-250
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• 2019

엽상형 해조류의 간접적인 건중량 추정을 위해 구멍갈파래(Ulva australis), 잎파래(Ulva linza), 개도박(Pachymeniopsis lanceolata), 방사무늬김(Pyropia yezoensis)의 형태적 특성과 생체량의 관계를 분석하였다. 시료는 2017년 2월부터 2018년 12월 까지 남해안 6곳에서 채집되었으며, 총 319개체가 분석에 사용되었다. 엽상형 해조류 네 종의 길이와 생체량에 대한 상대성장 지수는 0.28로 일반적인 1/4 (0.25) 지수법칙에 해당하였다. 네 종의 엽체의 표면적과 습중량은 각각 건중량과 유의한 선형관계를 보였으며, 건중량의 94 ~ 99%를 설명할 수 있었다. 이 결과는 엽상형 해조류의 표면적 또는 습중량을 통해 개체의 건중량을 매우 정확하게 추정할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이 방법론은 실험실 연구에서 건중량을 직접 측정할 수 없을 때 쉽고 빠르게 활용할 수 있으며, 추가적으로 소요되는 시간과 비용을 절약할 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2018

본 연구는 수도권을 대상으로 개별공장의 시공간적 확산을 분석하고 정책적 시사점을 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 공장의 입지는 개별입지와 계획입지로 나눌 수 있다. 계획입지의 경우, 공장 설립의 기간이 오래 걸리고 높은 비용과 규제 때문에 개별공장의 설립이 쉽지 않다. 그러나 개별입지 공장은 설립 절차가 간단하여 지대 가격이 저렴한 비도시지역을 중심으로 개별입지 공장 난개발이 증가하였다. 공장 난개발의 문제점은 공장 주변의 도로 및 환경오염 처리 시설과 같은 인프라 부족을 야기하고, 쾌적한 환경과 도시 경관을 훼손하며, 주변지역 거주민의 생활환경을 악화시킨다. 본 연구의 분석자료는 공장설립온라인지원시스템 자료를 ArcGIS Pro를 활용하여 2001년부터 2016년까지 수도권 지역에 설립된 개별공장의 입지를 시공간적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수도권 전체적으로 살펴보면 개별입지 공장은 기존의 산업단지나 공업입지 주변에 집중적으로 형성되는 것을 발견하였다. 이러한 이유는 집적지 주변에서 얻을 수 있는 외부효과라고 판단된다. 둘째, 서울시의 경우 개별입지 공장은 주거지역에 많이 설립되고 있어 주거와 공장의 혼재가 발생하고 있다. 셋째, 경기도의 개별입지 공장은 비도시지역 내 관리지역에 많이 입지하는 것으로 나타났다. 비도시지역 내 관리지역에서의 공장 난개발은 경관 훼손, 인프라 부족 등 사회적 비용을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구는 수도권지역을 대상으로 개별공장의 시공간 확산과정과 특징을 분석하여 향후 개별공장 난개발을 제어하기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2017

This paper experimentally studies the performance of negotiation considering individual and party, like a country, share of benefit over the best ones. It experiments two-stage bargaining games, internal and external negotiations. From the experimental results, this paper shows strong tendency to select fair allocation in the internal negotiations, but the tendency would be weaker with attractive outside option. In addition, the outside option may claim difference in individual benefit. From the regressions on individual performance in the negotiations, being a proposing party would matter to enhance the performance. However, relative individual performance within party fairness matters. Still attractive no-agreement options happen to break the tendency. As policy implication for trade negotiation, this paper warns that possible loss in individual benefit from not active participation to the external negotiations, no active role of proposer in case that players stick to internal allocations, and deviation of advantageous sector due to attractive outside options.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2013년도 제48차 하계학술발표논문집 21권2호
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• pp.319-320
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• 2013

In these days, an individual is evaluated by his or her credit. So, it is very critical for an individual to know his or her credit rating and then to try to improve the credit rating. But, there are few services to analyze credit status for an individual and inform the person of the credit. In fact, it could be impossible to let a person know how to improve his or her credit rating. Against this backdrop, we research on a credit management model to analyze credit status of an individual rapidly and propose individual-customized method to improve the credit rating. We set up the model and design it in detail. This servie would certainly make it convenient for an individual to retrieve credit rating and improve it.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.71-102
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• 2015

This study investigates the effects of information and predisposition on individual responses to hypothetical questions. By employing the empirical implications of theoretical models (EITM) framework, I confirm that information and predisposition have positive effects on individual substantive responses to the hypothetical questions about the independence-unification issue in Taiwan. Respondents with higher levels of information and predisposition are more likely to provide substantive responses. More importantly, information and predisposition exert a negative interaction effect on individual responses to hypothetical questions, which implies that when an individual counts more on information to respond to hypothetical questions, her predisposition plays a less important role in her responses and vice versa. Finally, this study suggests that hypothetical questions are effective to probe individual opinion on specific issues under hypothetical conditions.

• 인문언어
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.323-345
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• 2001

My purpose in this paper is to construct what I call "the space of hope" for the individual′s unfettered interpretation of the world and examine its ethical and political potential. 1 discuss the network of context to define the nature and scope of the space and also suggest that the individual′s interpretation of the world should be deemed a form of ethical practice or commitment. 1 would like to add that the term context, which refers, among other things, to the organic and dynamic relationship between individual and community, is meant to be strategic: it presupposes productive malleability, even slipperiness, in order to destabilize the institutional or ideological hierarchy between center and margin and enhance the individual′s self-conscious negotiation with his or her own community. It is my contention that every act of interpretation is always under some kind of contextual pressure and that the individual is able, in turn, to define and construct the context. This interaction represents a way to guard against the inimical force of totalization in the realms of theory and practice and can be summed up, that is, tentatively and strategically, in the idea of positionality.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2020

The present study examines the degree of suffix reduction that occurs when the Korean suffix [-nɨn] was attached to the root in spontaneous Seoul Korean speech. Specifically, it focuses on the degrees of reduction produced by individual speakers. The degree of reduction was assessed as the duration of the suffix [-nɨn] to clarify the continuum between the full and reduced forms. The results revealed that, first, the reduced forms of the suffix [-nɨn] were significantly distinguished from the full forms in the suffixation processes. Second, regarding parts of speech, the differences among individual speakers on the degrees of reduction were clearer when the suffix [-nɨn] was attached to verbs, rather than nouns and pronouns. Finally, the length of a root played a critical role in determining the degree of reduction of the suffix [-nɨn]. The degrees of reduction for individual speakers significantly differed when the suffix [-nɨn] was attached to two-syllable roots than three- and four-syllable roots. In conclusion, individual differences in the degrees of reduction were likely to occur when the roots are verbs and when two-syllable roots.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2010

Individual sewage treatment system is classified into a sewage treatment system which treats all the domestic sewage and a water-purifier tank which treats only effluent flushing from the toilet. The number of registered manufacturers has increased rapidly since 2001. As a result, price competition has increased among the manufacturers and has caused the problems such as the inappropriate production of individual sewage treatment system, the unreasonable permit for building completion and the shortage of the professional technology of the community's public officials in charge. This study collected the problem cases that are related with existing individual sewage treatment system and operation. Efficient improvement plan for the stable supply, installation, maintenance of individual sewage treatment system were suggested.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

I have done a case study on individual level based-organizational behavior textbooks published in Korea and USA. The objects are 'organizational behavior' by Su Yong Jung and 'organizational behavior' by Im Chang Hee in Korea, and 'organizational behavior' by Schermerhorn, Osborn, Uhl-Bien, & Hunt and 'organizational behavior' by Robbins, & Judge. The goal of this study is to identify the differences of the perspectives on the individual level based-organizational behavior between Korean and American textbooks. This research finding shows that it is valid to classify organizational behavior into such categories as individual differences, attitude, emotion & stress, perception & learning, and motivation in the Korean textbooks for the better future study.