• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2011

Objectives : This study aims at examining the anti-inflammatory effects of Scutellariae Radix extract. Methods : Scutellariae Radix was hot water extracted to make the samples(SR) for the experiment. Their effects were examined on the increase of cell viability in mouse macrophage Raw 264.7 cells, the creation of nitric oxide(NO) in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced Raw 264.7 cells, and the creation of cytokines of interleukin(IL)-$1{\beta}$ and others. Results : The results of the experiment are as follows. 1. The MTT assay was carried out to check the cellular toxicity of the water extract of Scutellariae Radix. The results were found no significant toxicity caused to macrophages by the water extract of Scutellariae Radix. 2. The water extract of Scutellariae Radix significantly restricted the increase of NO in the LPS-induced macrophages after 24-hour culture. 3. The water extract of Scutellariae Radix significantly restricted the creation of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17, interferon-inducible protein(IP)-10, keratinocyte-derived chemokine(KC), and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the LPS-induced macrophages at the concentration of $25{\mu}g/mL$ or higher. Conclusion : The samples(SR) of hot water extract of Scutellariae Radix caused no significant cellular toxicity to macrophages and significantly restricted the creation of NO, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17, IP-10, KC, and VEGF in the LPS-induced macrophages at $25{\mu}g/mL$ or higher, thus demonstrating significant anti-inflammatory effects.

• BMB Reports
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2019

$Foxp3^+$ regulatory $CD4^+$ T (Treg) cells play an essential role in preventing overt immune responses against self and innocuous foreign antigens. Selective expansion of endogenous Treg cells in response to the administration of interleukin (IL)-2/antibody complex, such as the IL-2/JES6-1 complex (IL-2C) in mice, is considered an attractive therapeutic approach to various immune disorders. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of IL-2C in allergic airway inflammation models. IL-2C treatment ameliorated Th17-mediated airway inflammation; however, unexpectedly, IL-2C treatment exacerbated Th2-mediated allergic airway inflammation by inducing the selective expansion of Th2 cells and type-2 innate lymphoid cells. We also found that IL-2 signaling is required for the expansion of Th2 cells in lymphoproliferative disease caused by Treg cell depletion. Our data suggest that IL-2C is selectively applicable to the treatment of allergic airway diseases depending on the characteristics of airway inflammation.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2003

본 연구는 몽고 마유에서 pro-inflammatory cytokine(IL-l$\beta$, IL-6, TNF-a, IL-18)과 IL-1 receptor accessory를 Western blotting방법으로 확인하여 기능성 식품과 의약품 소재로 이 용하기 위한 기초 자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 몽고 마유의 4개군 모두에서 IL-1, TNF-a가 17 kD에서 확인되었다. IL-18은 6~7 kD에서 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고, IL-1 receptor accessory를 55 kD에서 확인하였다. 그러나 탈지분유(Difco) 에서는 IL-l$\beta$, TNF-a를 확인할 수 없었으나, IL-6는 탈지분유(Difco) 및 몽고 마유에서 모두 60 kD에서 확인하였다. 이 와 같이 몽고 마유는 다양한 cytokine을 함유하고 있어서 기능성 식품 및 의약품 소재로 이용가치가 있다고 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7357-7362
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• 2014

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a central proinflammatory cytokine, maintains immune homeostasis and also plays important roles in cervical cancer. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate any associations of IL-6 gene polymorphisms at positions -174 and -572 with predisposition to cervical cancer in a Chinese population. The present hospital-based case-control study comprised 518 patients with cervical cancer and 518 healthy controls. Polymorphisms of the IL-6 gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Patients with cervical cancer had a significantly higher frequency of the IL-6 -174 CC genotype [odds ratio (OR) =1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-2.19; p=0.02], IL-6 -572 CC genotype (OR =1.91, 95% CI = 1.16-3.13; p=0.01) and IL-6 -174 C allele (OR =1.21, 95% CI = 1.02-1.44; p=0.03) compared to healthy controls. When stratifying by the FIGO stage, patients with III-IV cervical cancer had a significantly higher frequency of IL-6 -174 CC genotype (OR =1.64, 95% CI =1.04-2.61; p=0.04). The CC genotypes of the IL-6 gene polymorphisms at positions -174 and -572 may confer a high risk of cervical cancer. Additional studies with detailed human papillomavirus (HPV) infection data are warranted to validate our findings.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.495-499
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• 2005

목 적 : IL-4는 Th2 면역 반응의 중요한 매개체로 IL4 유전자의 promoter 일배체형(haplotype)은 한국인 소아에서 RSV에 의한 심한 모세기관지염과 연관된다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 IL4 유전자의 promoter 다형성에 따른 IL-4 단백의 기능적인 변화를 분석하여 심한 RSV 하기도 감염증에 기여하는 IL4 유전자의 발병 기전의 연관성을 연구하고자 시행하였다. 방 법 : 면역 기능이 정상인 소아 20명을 대상으로 전혈을 채취한 후 genomic DNA를 추출하여 IL4 유전자 promoter 약 1.2 kb 부위를 증폭시켰다. 염기서열 분석을 통하여 IL4 유전자 promoter의 유전형을 결정하고, PHASE 분석으로 일배체형을 결정하였다. 각 일배체형별로 $5{\mu}g$의 DNA를 Jurkat T 세포에 핵형질변환 시켜서 정상 Jurkat T 세포와 PMA(50 ng/mL)로 자극한 세포에서의 luciferase 활성도를 분석하여 IL4 유전자 promoter의 전사능을 결정하였다. 결 과 : 한국인 소아의 일배체형은 3가지 유형 GCC(7%), TCC(17%), 및 TTT(76%)로 분포하였다. Jurkat T 세포의 절대 luciferase 활성도는 GCC형이 가장 낮았고 TTT형이 가장 높았다. GCC 일배체형을 기준으로 하여 나타낸 Jurkat T 세포의 상대 luciferase 활성도는 TCC형이 4.2배, TTT형이 5.3배로 증가되었다. PMA로 자극한 후에 측정한 각 일배체형의 luciferase 활성도 역시 GCC형에 비하여 TCC형이 3.0배, TTT형이 4.1배로 증가되어 자극하지 않은 세포에서와 유사한 활성도의 차이를 보였다. 결 론 : 소아의 심한 RSV 하기도 감염증과 연관된 IL4 유전자의 promoter 일배체형 TTT는 IL4 유전자의 promoter의 전사능을 증가시킴으로써 영아 및 소아의 RSV 하기도 감염증의 병인에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the trend of acne-related experimental studies in Korean medicine. Methods: We searched 17 articles related with experimental study of acne, published Korean medical journals from 2005 to 2014. We classified all articles according to the journal and checked on the kind of herbs. All articles were categorized into two types: cell experimental study and animal experimental study. Results: 1. Total 17 papers were searched; 7 articles (41.2%) were published in the Journal of Korean Medical Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, Dermatology, 4 articles (23.5%) were published in the Journal of Korean Institute of Pharmacopuncture, 3 articles (17.6%) were published in Korean Journal of Oriental Physiology and Pathology, 2 articles (11.8%) were published in Korean Journal of Herbology, and 1 article (5.9%) was published in the Journal of Korean Medicine. 2. Total 17 kind of herbs were used in the studies; 10 articles (58.8%) used single herb, 7 articles (41.2%) used complex herbs. 3. Total 17 articles were categorized 2 types; 16 cell experimental studies (94.1%), 1 animal experimental study (5.9%). 4. Experimental researches were mainly investigated using Raw 264.7 cell line and P. acnes. The levels of NO, iNOS, $TNF-{\alpha}$, PGE, COX-2, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, NF-kB were analyzed to confirm of herbs' antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity. Conclusions: Searching for natural antibiotics, it is needed to do experimental studies continuously, and also needed to diversify the kind herbs and experimental bacteria.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.40.1-40.15
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• 2020

The protein encoded by the Gene Associated with Retinoid-Interferon-Induced Mortality-19 (GRIM-19) is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and is homologous to the NADH dehydrogenase 1-alpha subcomplex subunit 13 of the electron transport chain. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease that damages the brain and spinal cord. Although both the cause and mechanism of MS progression remain unclear, it is accepted that an immune disorder is involved. We explored whether GRIM-19 ameliorated MS by increasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells; we used a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to this end. Six-to-eight-week-old male C57BL/6, IFNγ-knockout (KO), and GRIM-19 transgenic mice were used; EAE was induced in all strains. A GRIM-19 overexpression vector (GRIM19 OVN) was electrophoretically injected intravenously. The levels of Th1 and Th17 cells were measured via flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical analysis. IL-17A and IFNγ expression levels were assessed via ELISA and quantitative PCR. IL-17A expression decreased and IFNγ expression increased in EAE mice that received injections of the GRIM-19 OVN. GRIM19 transgenic mice expressed more IFNγ than did wild-type mice; this inhibited EAE development. However, the effect of GRIM-19 overexpression on the EAE of IFNγ-KO mice did not differ from that of the empty vector. GRIM-19 expression was therapeutic for EAE mice, elevating the IFNγ level. GRIM-19 regulated the Th17/Treg cell balance.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.17-21
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• 2005

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1479-1486
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• 2003

In order to evaluate the antiallergic effects of Kamiohihyosan(KCHS), studies were done. We measured the cytotoxic activity for lung fibroblast cell, cytokines transcript expression, production of IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, proliferation of B cell in anti-CD40mAb plus rIL-4 stimulated murine splenic B cells. The results were obtained as follows: KCHS was not showed cytotoxicity in the fibroblast lung cell, KCHS increased the gene synthesis of INF-γ, TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6, IL-10(m-RNA), KCHS decreased the gene synthesis of IL-4, IL-5, TGF-β(m-RNA), KCHS decreased the appearance of IL-4, IgE significantly, KCHS increased the appearance of IL-10, IFN-γ significantly, KCHS decreased the proliferation of B cell significantly, The facts above prove that KCHS is effective against the allergy. Thus, I think that we should study on this continuously.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2007

Objective : The application of Sam So Eum (蔘蘇飮, SSE) as a herbal medicine to treat asthma in mice has been studied and the mechanism of cytokine production in asthmatic mice was discussed. Recently, SSE was known to have anti-allergic activity. However, its therapeutic mechanisms are unclear. Methods : So, we investigated the effects of SSE on levels of several cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using flow cytometric analysis in allergen-induced asthma. Results : In this experiment, SSE decreased levels of IL-la, IL-17 and GM-CSF respectively. Contrary, SSE restored level of IFN-g toward naive level in BALF. Conclusion : In conclusion, we demonstrate that SSE is useful to treat asthma and it's therapeutic mechanisms are involved in Thl skewing reaction.