• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.10B
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• pp.845-854
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithm for efficient energy management of sensor network consisted of sensor nodes that have restricted energy to solve these problem. Proposed algorithm improves energy efficiency by controlling sensing power. And it has distinctive feature that is applied in various network environment. The performance evaluation result shows that the energy efficiency is improved by 5% in the case of all sensor node fixed and by $10{\sim}15%$ in the case of all sensor node moving. It is confirmed through experiment process that the proposed algorithm brings energy efficiency ratio improvement of $5{\sim}15%$ more than the existing algorithm. Proposed algorithm derived an upper bound on the energy efficiency for Ubiquitous Computing environment that have various network environment that is with ZigBee technology of IEEE 802.15.4 bases. Also, we can blow bring elevation for lifetime of sensor network greatly for lifetime of sensor node as is small. And we think that may expand practical use extent of a sensor network technology more in fast changed network environment.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.329-335
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• 2016

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are defined as the system whose components include the necessary equipment, network, and personnel to control an unmanned aircraft. In the past, UAS were predominately operated for military operations. However, nowadays, the applications of UAS to commercial area are explosively augmented and UAS are being expected to be integrated in national airspace. Therefore, the need for the standardized datalink systems rapidly and the development of control and non-payload communication (CNPC) system are being processed for integration in national airspace in United States and Europe. In this paper, the technology trends for UAS CNPC datalink are explained and presented the performance evaluation results for CNPC system, which is the modified version of IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06d
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• pp.268-270
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 ZigBee Alliance에서 다루어지고 있는 IEEE 802.15.4틀 기반으로 하는 USN을 위한 라우팅 프로토콜을 연구한다. 현재 ZigBee Specification v1.0의 표준에서는 AODV라우팅 프로토콜과 Hierarchical 라우팅 프로토콜을 사용하고 있다. 하지만 ZigBee Specification v1.0의 표준에서 사용하고 있는 이 두 가지 라우팅 프로토콜은 대규모의 센서네트워크에 적용하였을 때, 많은 단점들이 존재한다. 이러한 단점들은 센서네트워크가 가지고 있는 여러 가지 특성들을 고려하지 않은 일반적인 Adhoc 네트워크에서 사용하는 라우팅 프로토콜을 사용했기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점들을 해결 할 수 있는 클러스터 기반의 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10c
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• pp.157-159
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• 2006

ZigBee technology that is observed to radio network of low electric power with latest WPAN's IEEE 802.15 .4 technologies is evaluated as best technology for sensor network and digital home network construction. This need exclusive use application for monitoring, managing, controlling and organizing this nodes. However, these program has weaknesses that is hard to construct flexible system with Internet. This paper will use web server linked with gateway to manage sensor network that is consisted of ZigBee node and design system that manages ZigBee device with relative fast responsibility using AJAX web technology.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.290-292
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• 2009

With advance in technologies for wireless sensor networks(WSNs), 2.4 GHz band has become gradually attractive due to increase in low-power wireless communication devices. Especially ZigBee(IEEE 802.15.4-based) technology whose frequency band includes the 2.4GHz industrial, scientific and medical band providing nearly worldwide availability has been universally applicable to a various remote monitoring system and applications related home network system. However network throughput of these systems is significantly deteriorated due to this ISM band is a license-exemption used in a variety of low-power wireless communication devices. For instance, other IEEE 802 wireless standards such as Bluetooth, WLAN, Wi-Fi and others cause radio interference to ZigBee. The experiments was carried out to analyze radio frequency interference between heterogeneous devices using ISM bands to improve the limited frequency utility factor. Finally this paper suggests a frequency hopping-based adaptive multi-channel methods to decrease interference with empirical results.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.453-461
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• 2016

Recently, with the growth of various sensor applications, the need of wireless communication systems which can support variable data rate is increasing. Therefore, advanced ZigBee (AZB) systems that support the various data rate under 250 kbps are proposed. However, the preamble structure for AZB systems causes the complexity increase of time synchronization circuits. In this paper, we propose preamble structure and time synchronization algorithm which can solve the problem of the complexity increase of time synchronization circuits. Implementation results show that the proposed time synchronizer for AZB systems include the logic slices of 6.92 k and, which are reduced at the rate of 62.3% compared with existing architecture.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.2444-2452
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• 2022

The field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is gaining popularity in industrial automation such as nuclear power plant instrumentation and control (I&C) systems due to the benefits of having non-existence of operating system, minimum software errors, and minimum common reason failures. Separate functions can be processed individually and in parallel on the same integrated circuit using FPGAs in comparison to the conventional microprocessor-based systems used in any plant operations. The use of FPGAs offers the potential to minimize complexity and the accompanying difficulty of securing regulatory approval, as well as provide superior protection against obsolescence. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a new technology for acquiring and processing plant data wirelessly in which sensor nodes are configured for real-time signal processing, data acquisition, and monitoring. ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4) is an open worldwide standard for minimum power, low-cost machine-to-machine (M2M), and internet of things (IoT) enabled wireless network communication. It is always a challenge to follow the specific topology when different Zigbee nodes are placed in a large network such as a plant. The research article focuses on the hardware chip design of different topological structures supported by ZigBee that can be used for monitoring and controlling the different operations of the plant and evaluates the performance in Vitex-5 FPGA hardware. The research work presents a strategy for configuring FPGA with ZigBee sensor nodes when communicating in a large area such as an industrial plant for real-time monitoring.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 2006

ZigBee is the emerging industrial standard for ad hoc networks based on IEEE 802.15.4. It is used for low data rate and low power wireless network applications. Expected applications of ZigBee include wireless sensor networks for remote monitoring, home control, and industrial automation. Since one of the most important design goals of ZigBee is to reduce the installation and running costs, the ZigBee stack is embedded in the cheap and small micro-controller unit. The hierarchical routing algorithm is used for ZigBee end devices which have very limited resources. Using the block addressing scheme, end devices can send data to the destination without a routing table. However, hierarchical routing has the problem that the packets follow the tree hierarchy to the destination even if the destination is located nearby. In this paper, we propose a scheme to improve the hierarchical routing algorithm in ZigBee networks by employing the neighbor table that is originally used together with the routing table. We suggest selecting the neighbor node that has the minimum remaining hops to the destination as the next hop node. Simulation result shows that the proposed scheme saves more than 30% of the hop counts compared with the original hierarchical routing.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2013

A microstrip-fed miniaturized folded-slot antenna that is cut at the finite ground plane edge for the size reduction is proposed as a ZigBee module operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, as specified by the IEEE standard 802.15.4. The antenna is fabricated within space limited to $35mm{\times}9mm$ on a $35mm{\times}35mm$ substrate, which is about the PCB size of a typical wireless ZigBee module. The measured impedance bandwidth and antenna gain are 2.37~2.49 GHz and 2.4 dBi respectively. The measured radiation patterns are similar to conventional folded-slot antennas and are also stable across the pass band. These properties and its compact structure help in making the antenna suitable for ZigBee module.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06d
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• pp.133-135
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• 2006

최근 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 시대에 가까워지면서, 다양한 형태의 소형센서를 무선네트웍으로 연결하여 일정 범위 내의 다양한 정보를 수집하여 이용할 수 있는 무선센서네트웍시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행중이다. 현재 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 무선센서네트웍 아키텍처는 IEEE 802.15.4에 제안된 MAC과 ZigBee Alliance에서 개발된 ZigBee를 이용한 것이다. ZigBee에는 네트웍계층, 응용프레임웍 등 많은 기능과 규격이 포함되어 있으며, 그 중 응용프레임웍에는 각 센서장치들 간의 통신을 원활하게 하기 위하여 여러 가지 데이터 형이 정의되어 있다. ZigBee 응용프레임웍에 정의되어 있는 여러 데이터형 중 준정밀수형(semi-precision number type)은 수의 절대값이 작은 범위에서는 높은 해상도로 수를 표현할 수 있고 절대값이 큰 범위일수록 상대적으로 낮은 해상도로 수를 표현할 수 있어, 빛의 강도, 소리의 크기 등 그 크기를 표현함에 있어 절대값에 반비례하는 해상도로 표현하여도 무방한 경우 매우 유용하게 사용된다. 그러나 현재 ZigBee에서 정의한 준정밀수형은 높은 해상도로 표현되어야 하는 구간 중 특정 구간에서 해당 값을 표현할 수 없는 구간이 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 준정밀수의 특징과 문제점을 살펴보고, 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 새로운 형식의 준정밀수형을 제안한다.