• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.182-197
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• 2016

One of the distinctive characteristics of industrial engineering (IE) is its multidisciplinarity. This paper explores the multidisciplinary nature of IE using journal citation network analysis. Using the relatedness indexes of IE journals obtained from journal citation report (JCR), we firstly construct the IE network only composed of 26 IE journals. The resulting IE network is partitioned into three sub-networks: management engineering, manufacturing/quality, and ergonomics. We then propose the IE convergence network which includes 81 related journals in other disciplines as well as 26 IE journals. Scrutinizing the IE convergence network reveals that IE has a high degree of interactions with seven disciplines : Operations Research and Management Science, Statistics and Probability, Manufacturing Engineering, Computer Science, Engineering Design, Business Management, Human Factors and Ergonomics. We investigate the contributions of the related disciplines to IE as well as contributions of IE to the related disciplines. The role of IE journals in exchanging knowledge with related disciplines is also identified by brokerage analysis. It is shown that visualizing and analyzing the IE convergence network can provide an excellent overview of the multidisciplinary structure of IE, which can help IE researchers easily grasp the state-of-the art of IE research.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.279-287
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• 2003

This paper deals with a comparative study on coupling of Element-free Galerkin(EFG) method and Infinite Element(IE) by IE's shape function. In this study, mapped infinite elements(mapped IE) and decay function infinite elements(decay IE) are coupled with the EFG method. A coupling procedure of EFG-Mapped IE is much easier to be integrated than a coupled EFG-Decay IE. A coupled EFG-IE method used well-defined functions to preserve the continuity and linear consistency on the interface of the EFG region and IE region. Several benchmark problems are solved to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the coupling algorithms by IE's shape function. The numerical results show that the developed algorithms work well for the elastic problems with infinite boundaries.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2001

IMM과 IE의 장점을 혼합한 IMM/IE 혼합 알고리즘이 근래에 제시되었다. 이 혼합방식은 IMM이나 IE 방식의 단점을 어느 정도 보완하였으나 기동이 발생하는 시점에서 필터의 성능이 급격히 저하되는 문제점을 갖고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 IMM/IE 혼합 알고리즘의 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위한 두 가지 방안을 제안하고 그 성능을 Monte-Carlo 시뮬레이션으로 예증한다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 1999

To analysis a promoter strength of Atographa californica nucler polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) IE1 gene, an immediate viral gene, ${\beta}$-glactosidase gene as a reporter gene was introduced under the control of the IE1 promoter. The restriction fragment containing IE1 promoter and ${\beta}$-galctosidase gene from pAcIE1-gal were inserter into pBacPAK9 to yield transfer vector pAcNPV-IE1-gal. The pAcNPV-IE1-gal was cotransfected with AcNPV genomic DNA BacPAK6 into Sf9 cells to produce recombinant baculovirus AcNPV-IE1-gal. In addition, recombinant bacvulovirus AcNPV-gal, which express ${\beta}$-galac-tosidase under the control of the polyhedrin promoter, was constrer, was constructed to compared with AcNPV-IE1-gal. The recombinant viruses were respectively infected into Sf9 cells and characterized by the virus titer and expression of ${\beta}$-galactoxidase in Sf9 cells. The promoter strength of IE1 and polyhedrin promoters was determined by the amount of ${\beta}$-galactosidase secreted into medium by viral infection. The titer of AcNPV-IE1-Gal determined by plaque assays in Sf9 cells was similar to that of AcNPV-gal. However, expression level of ${\beta}$-galactosidase by AcNPV-IE1-gal was significantly lower than that by AcNPV-gal. In conclusion, promoter strength of IE1 was approximately 25-fold lower than that of polyhedrin.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2020

One fundamental element of probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) is the initiating event (IE) analysis. Since IE frequencies can change over time, time-trend analysis is required to obtain optimized IE frequencies. Accordingly, such time-trend analyses have been employed to estimate industry-average IE frequencies for use in the PSAs of U.S. nuclear power plants (NPPs); existing PSAs of Korean NPPs, however, neglect such analysis in the estimation of IE frequencies. This article therefore provides the method for and results of estimating Korean industry-average IE frequencies using time-trend analysis. It also examines the effects of the IE frequencies obtained from this study on risk insights by applying them to recently updated internal events Level 1 PSA models (at-power and shutdown) for an OPR-1000 plant. As a result, at-power core damage frequency decreased while shutdown core damage frequency increased, with the related contributions from each IE category changing accordingly. These results imply that the incorporation of time-trend analysis leads to different IE frequencies and resulting risk insights. The IE frequency distributions presented in this study can be used in future PSA updates for Korean NPPs, and should be further updated themselves by adding more recent data.

• 산업공학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.7-18
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• 1993

Since scientific management techniques are introduced into Korea about 1958, the backwardness of Korea companies and the ignorant owners of the companies had been main obstacles in aboriginality of those techniques. With the activation of industry in 1970s, however, the adaptation of IE is also activated. This paper, although it may be slipshod, describes the present situation as well as the adaptation history of IE techniques. This is for the expected necessity of memorizing the introduction of IE in the future.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.995-1000
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• 2016

Minimum Energy Performance Standard(MEPS) has been adapted in Korea since 2008. For at least 37 kW, IE3 efficiency class motors are now mandatory in Korea. IE4 level regulation is expected in a few years. Foreign companies are already selling IE4 class motors in the market, and the discussions on IE5 have already started. The efficiency standard of variable speed motors is scheduled for publication shortly. Recently, discussions are now beginning to prepare for IE5 in Korea. In this paper, author reviews the policies associated with a high efficent electric motors by reference to both domestic and international standards, and reviews the research direction to prepare for IE5.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.842-851
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• 2014

High efficiency standards are slowly being introduced with IE3 efficiency levels shortly becoming compulsory in many countries; IE4 efficiency levels being developed for future implementation. In this paper a review is carried out of the IE 60034-30 standard which covers standard line-start induction motors. Some design techniques that can be used to increase efficiency in order to meet the IE4 standards are discussed. This standard is now being replaced by the IE60034-30-1 standard which extends to other line start motors and also IE 60034-30-2 is being introduced to cover variable speed drives in order to address developing technology. The conclusion is that IE4 standards are obtainable but careful design is needed to reach this. Examples from the literature are given.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2015

본 연구는 고방사성해수폐액에 함유되어 있는 주요 고방사성 핵종인 Cs을 제거하기 위하여 IE911 (crystalline silicotitanate)에 의한 흡착 제거를 수행하였다. Cs의 효율적 흡착제거 및 2차 고체폐기물의 발생량을 최소화하기 위하여 IE911-Cs 흡착은 m/V (흡착제 질량/용액 부피) 비=2.5 g/L, 흡착시간은 1 시간 정도가 효과적이었다. 이때 Cs은 약 99%, Sr은 5% 이하가 각각 흡착되었다. 또한 IE911-Cs 흡착은 Langmuir 등온식 및 유사 (pseudo) 2차 속도 식으로 표현할 수 있으며, 흡착속도상수(k₂)는 Cs의 초기농도 및 입자크기 증가에 따라 감소하는데 반하여, m/V 비, 온도 및 교반속도 증가에 따라서는 증가하고 있다. IE911-Cs 흡착의 활성화에너지는 약 79.9 kJ/mol 로, IE911-Cs 흡착이 보다 강력한 결합 형태를 이룬 화학적 흡착임을 보여주고 있다. 그리고 음수 값의 Gibbs 자유에너지 및 엔탈피는 IE911-Cs의 흡착반응이 정반응의 발열반응이고, 저온에서 반응이 상대적으로 활발함을 의미하며, 음수 값의 엔트로피는 흡착된 Cs이 IE911에 균일하게 정렬되어 있음을 나타낸다.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.267-274
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• 1998

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has the ability to activate the expression of many viral and cellular genes. Among various viral proteins, the immediate early proteins (IE1-72kDa, IE2-86kDa) have been known to be potent transactivators. The product of c-jun proto-oncogene is important in cell activation and differentiation. Here, we tried to find out if the IE could activate the c-jun promoter and also tried to identify the responsible sequence elements in the c-jun activation by IE1-72kDa. We found HCMV IE expression transactivated the c-jun promoter in human embryonal lung fibroblasts (HEL). The activation fold by IE1-72kDa, IE2-86kDa and IE2-55kDa was 23, 35, and 5, respectively. When the expression of each IE was combined, it showed synergism. Expression of (IE1-72kDa + IE2-86kDa) and (IE1-72kDa + IE2-86kDa + IE2-55kDa) resulted in 131 and 162 fold increase, respectively. The c-jun promoter region between -117 and -59 contains binding sites for the transcription factors Spl, CAAT, AP-l like (ATF/CREB), and MEF2. Transient expression assays were performed using various reporter plasmids containing the c-jun promoter-regulatory region linked to the luciferase gene and a plasmid expressing HCMV IE1 gene. Deletional and point mutational analysis showed that the sequence between -225 to -160 and the CTF binding site were involved in the up-regulation of c-jun promoter.