• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.156-165
• /
• 2001

Exogeneous application of pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), a ribosomal-inacivating protein in the cell wall of Phytolacca americana (pokeweed) protects heterologous plants from viral and fungal infection. A cDNA clone of PAP introduced into Scrophularia buergeriana Miquel by thransformation with Agrobacterium tumefaciences. For plant transformation, explants were precultured on shoot induction medium without kanamycin for 2-5 day, and then they were cocultured with Agrobacterium for 10 minutes. The explants were placed on co culture medium in dark condition, $28^{\circ}C$ for 2days. After explants were washed in MS liquid medium, they were transferred into selection medium including kanamycin 50mg/L (MS salts+1mg/ l BAP+2mg/ l TDZ+0,2mg/ l NAA+MS vitamin+3% sucrose+0.8% agar, pH5.8). From PCR analysis, NPT II band was confirmed in transgenic plant genome and showed resistance against fungi in antifungal activity test. Micro assay to which protein extracted from transgenic line were added, revealed hyphae growth inhibition and no spore germination at high concentration. The characteristics of inhibited hyphae was represented transparent and thin. Expression of PAP in transgenic plants offers the possibility of developing resistance to viral and fungal infection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.394-398
• /
• 2000

A methanol extract of the root of Peucedanum japonicum, used as a medicinal herb, showed an inhibitory effect on mammalian topoisomerase I activity. The methanol extract was suspended in ethyl acetate, and a topoisomerase I inhibitor in the organic soluble fraction was then isolated by silica gel and thin layer chromatography. The topoisomerase I inhibitory compound was indentified as falcarindiol based on the analysis of EI-MS, $^1$H and \ulcornerC NMR spectroscopy. This inhibitory showed cytotoxicity against human leukemia Jurkat T and HL60 cells with an IC\ulcorner value of 7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. These results suggest the possibility of falcarindiol as a new anticancer agent which can be expected to have a synergistic effect on other anticancer drugs. In addition, the present data show that falcarindiol has antifungal, yet not antibacterial, activity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.489-494
• /
• 2008

In order to develop a potent antidementia $\beta$-secretase inhibitor from phytochemicals, $\beta$-secretase inhibitory activities of extracts from many medicinal plants and herbs were determined. Water extracts from Rubus coreanus showed the highest $\beta$-secretase inhibitory activity of 84.5%. After purification of the $\beta$-secretase inhibitor from R. coreanus using systematic solvent extraction, ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-10 column chromatography, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a purified $\beta$-secretase inhibitor with $IC_{50}$ inhibitory activity of $6.3{\times}10^3\;ng/mL$ ($1.56{\times}10^{-6}\;M)$ was obtained with a 0.08% solid yield. The molecular mass of the purified $\beta$-secretase inhibitor was estimated to be 576 Da by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and $\beta$-secretase inhibitor also is a new tetrapeptide with the sequence Gly-Trp-Trp-Glu. The purified $\beta$-secretase inhibitory peptide inhibited $\beta$-secretase non-competitively and also show less inhibition on trypsin, however no inhibition on other proteases such as $\alpha$-secretase, chymotrypsin, and elastase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 2016

Two new glucosides (1 and 2) of geldanamycin (GA) analogs were obtained from in vitro glycosylation by UDP-glycosyltransferase (YjiC). Based on spectroscopic (HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D-NMR) analyses, the glucosides were elucidated as 4,5-dihydro-7-O-descarbamoyl-7-hydroxyl GA-7-O-β-D-glucoside (1) and ACDL3172-18-O-β-D-glucoside (2). Furthermore, the water solubility of compounds 1 and 2 was about 215.2 and 90.7 times higher respectively, than that of the substrates. Among compounds 1-4, only 3 showed weak antiproliferative activity against four human tumor cell lines: MDA-MB-231, SMMC7721, HepG2, and SW480 (IC₅₀: 13.6, 15.1, 31.8, and 22.7 μM, respectively).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.228-236
• /
• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant activity and protective effects against oxidative DNA damage of the ethyl acetate fraction from the callus of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai (ECA). Callus of A. distichum was induced on MS medium containing NAA (1 mg/L) and 2,4-D (1 mg/L), and a sufficient amount was obtained for the extraction by subculture. Acteoside was analyzed and quantified (0.39 mg/g callus) from ECA using the high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector method. ECA showed very high antioxidative activity as revealed by DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. The $IC_{50}$ values were 12.4 and $6.8{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. ECA showed protective effects against oxidative DNA damage evaluated by using ${\Psi}X-174$ RF I plasmid DNA. It also inhibited DNA damage by suppressing the oxidative stress-induced protein and mRNA levels of ${\gamma}$-H2AX and p53 in NIH/3T3 cells. In conclusion, ECA protects against oxidative DNA damage through its powerful antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.147-150
• /
• 2009

The fruit body of Phellinus linteus was extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was successively partitioned using EtOAc, n-BuOH and $H_2O$. From the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions, three phenolic compounds were isolated through repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatography. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined as 2-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-5-aldehyde (1), 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one (2), and protocatechuic acid methyl ester (3) by spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and IR. Compounds $1{\sim}3$ exhibited low density lipoprotein (LDL) antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 1.7, 0.7, and $2.4{\mu}M$, respectively.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.371-376
• /
• 1999

By cytotoxicity screening of the 65 Korean medicinal plants against leukemia L1210 and P388D$_{1}$ cell line using the MTT assay in vitro, Albizzia julibrissin was studied. This plant was extracted with MeOH and MeOH extract was solvent-fractionated with CHCl$_{3}$, EtOAc and n-BuOH in sequence. Each fraction by various solvents system was purified by column chromatography and preparative TLC, and four compounds were isolated. The structure of each compound was deduced from UV, IR, $^{1}$H-HMR, $^{13}$ C-NMR and CI-MS spectral data. The cytotoxic activity ($IC_{50}$/_ of the compounds, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, 4',5,7-trihydroxyfla-van-3-glucoside, spinasterol-3-glucoside and acacic acid lactone, were evaluated as 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 2$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml against L1210 and as 9$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 1.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 1.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and 0.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml against P388D$_{1}$, respectively.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.164-170
• /
• 2008

The hepatoprotective activity of the alcoholic extract of Rosa damascena was studied against paracetamol induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver damage was assessed by estimating serum enzyme activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and histopathology of liver tissue. Pre- and post-treatment with ethanolic extracts showed a dose-dependent reduction of paracetamol induced elevated serum levels of enzyme activity. The mechanism underlying the protective effects was assayed in vitro and the R. damascena extracts displayed dosedependent free radical activity using DPPH ($IC_{50}=162.525\;{\mu}g/ml$) and TBA method. The hepatoprotective action was confirmed by histopathological observation. The ethanolic extracts reversed paracetamol induced liver injury. These results suggest that the hepatoprotective effects of R. damascena extracts are related to its antioxidative activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.225-230
• /
• 2016

Phytochemical investigation from the stem bark of Beilschmiedia pulverulenta resulted in the isolation of five lignans, (+)-yangambin (1), (+)-sesartemin (2), (+)-excelsin (3), (+)-sesamin (4), and (+)-syringaresinol (5), together with lupeol (6), lupenone (7), ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (8), and ${\beta}-sitostenone$ (9). Their structures were established by the analysis of their spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and spectrometric (MS) data, as well as by comparison with those reported in the literature. The isolated lignans were tested for their anticholinesterase (AChE: acetylcholine esterase and BChE: butyryl cholineesterase) and anti-inflammatory (COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2 and LOX: lipoxygenase) activities. All the isolated lignans (1 - 5) exhibited significant inhibition activities in AChE/BChE and COX-2/LOX assays with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from $168.8-504.2{\mu}M$ and $21.0-59.4{\mu}M$, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.1258-1266
• /
• 2005

The present study was carried out in order to assess the protective effects of calycosin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from Astragali radix (AR), on hyaluronidase (HAase) and the recombinant human interleukin-$1\beta$ (IL-$1\beta$)-induced matrix degradation in human articular cartilage and chondrocytes. We isolated the active component from the n-butanol soluble fraction of AR (ARBu) as the HAase inhibitor and structurally identified as calycosin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside by LC-MS, IR, ${1}^H$ NMR, and ${13}^C$ NMR analyses. The $IC_{50}$ of this component on HAase was found to be 3.7 mg/ml by in vitro agarose plate assay. The protective effect of ARBu on the matrix gene expression of immortalized chondrocyte cell line C28/I2 treated with HAase was investigated using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and its effect on HAase and IL-$1\beta$-induced matrix degradation in human articular cartilage was determined by a staining method and calculating the amount of degraded glycosaminoglycan (GAG) from the cultured media. Pretreatment with calycosin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside effectively protected human chondrocytes and articular cartilage from matrix degradation. Therefore, calycosin-7-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside from AR appears to be a potential natural ant-inflammatory or antii-osteoarthritis agent and can be effectively used to protect from proteoglycan (PG) degradation.