• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2020

Purpose: This study compared 2 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems in the detection of mechanically simulated peri-implant buccal bone defects in dry human mandibles. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four implants were placed in 7 dry human mandibles. Peri-implant bone defects were created in the buccal plates of 16 implants using spherical burs. All mandibles were scanned using 2 CBCT systems with their commonly used acquisition protocols: i-CAT Gendex CB-500 (Imaging Sciences, Hatfield, PA, USA; field of view [FOV], 8 cm×8 cm; voxel size, 0.125 mm; 120 kVp; 5 mA; 23 s) and Orthopantomograph OP300 (Intrumentarium, Tuusula, Finland; FOV, 6 cm×8 cm; voxel size, 0.085 mm; 90 kVp; 6.3 mA; 13 s). Two oral and maxillofacial radiologists assessed the CBCT images for the presence of a defect and measured the depth of the bone defects. Diagnostic performance was compared in terms of the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: High intraobserver and interobserver agreement was found (P<0.05). The OP300 showed slightly better diagnostic performance and higher detection rates than the CB-500 (AUC, 0.56±0.03), with a mean accuracy of 75.0%, sensitivity of 81.2%, and specificity of 62.5%. Higher contrast was observed with the CB-500, whereas the OP300 formed more artifacts. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the present results suggest that the choice of CBCT systems with their respective commonly used acquisition protocols does not significantly affect diagnostic performance in detecting and measuring buccal peri-implant bone loss.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.270-277
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• 1984

The effects of factors of natural air drying were evaluated by the simulation model for rough rice drying. The factors were airflow rate, harvest date, initial moisture content and weather conditions. For simulation, the RICEDRY (Chang et al., 1983) was used. Then, the applicability of the model and the feasibility of rough rice drying by natural air were tested under the tropical weather conditions of Costa Rica.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the reasons influencing the preferences for a certain type of orthodontic appliance over another among prospective patients (PP) and orthodontists. Methods: A total of 49 PP and 51 orthodontists were asked about their preferences for the following appliances: clear aligners (CA), lingual metallic brackets (LMB), polycrystalline and monocrystalline ceramic brackets, and buccal metallic brackets (BMB). The participants rated the importance of 17 potential reasons that would explain their choices. The reasons that contributed most to these preferences were identified. Non-parametric tests (Fisher's exact, χ2 and Mann-Whitney tests) and multivariate analyses (regression and discriminant analysis) were used to assess the data (α = 0.05). Results: CA and BMB were the most chosen appliances by PP and orthodontists, respectively. LMB was the most rejected option among both groups of participants (p < 0.001). Rates of the importance of pain/discomfort, smile esthetics, finishing details, and feeding/speech impairment showed the highest differences between PP and orthodontists (p < 0.0005). Discriminant analyses showed that individuals who considered treatment time and smile esthetics as more important were more likely to prefer CA, while those who prioritized finishing details and cost were more likely to choose BMB (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Reasons related to comfort and quality of life during use were considered as more important by PP, while those related to the results and clinical performance of the appliances were considered as more relevant by orthodontists.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.85 no.4
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• pp.349-357
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• 2022

Background: The most consistently identified mortality determinants for the new coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection are aging, male sex, cardiovascular/respiratory diseases, and cancer. They were determined from heterogeneous cohorts that included patients with different disease severity and previous conditions. The main goal of this study was to determine if activities of daily living (ADL) dependence measured by Barthel's index could be a predictor for COVID-19 mortality. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed with a consecutive sample of 340 COVID-19 patients representing patients from all over the northern region of Portugal from October 2020 to March 2021. Mortality risk factors were determined after controlling for demographics, ADL dependence, admission time, comorbidities, clinical manifestations, and delay-time for diagnosis. Central tendency measures were used to analyze continuous variables and absolute numbers (proportions) for categorical variables. For univariable analysis, we used t test, chi-square test, or Fisher exact test as appropriate (α=0.05). Multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. IBM SPSS version 27 statistical software was used for data analysis. Results: The cohort included 340 patients (55.3% females) with a mean age of 80.6±11.0 years. The mortality rate was 19.7%. Univariate analysis revealed that aging, ADL dependence, pneumonia, and dementia were associated with mortality and that dyslipidemia and obesity were associated with survival. In multivariable analysis, dyslipidemia (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.71) was independently associated with survival. Age ≥86 years (pooled OR, 2.239; 95% CI, 1.100-4.559), pneumonia (pooled OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.362-6.606), and ADL dependence (pooled OR, 6.296; 95% CI, 1.795-22.088) were significantly related to mortality (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve, 82.1%; p<0.001). Conclusion: ADL dependence, aging, and pneumonia are three main predictors for COVID-19 mortality in an elderly population.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2002

This study was proposed as an exploratory study for understanding the biological bases and structures of three personality models: Eysenck's PEN model, Gray's BIS/BAS model, and Costa & McCrae's Five Factor Model, which was chosen as the major descriptive model regardless of its biological bases. Besides, Eysenck's impulsivity scale, IVE, was added to demonstrate the relationship of P and impulsivity. Concerning personality, most previous reports have explored the relationships between P300 and the introversion-extraversion of Eysenck's theory because of its putative biological bases. In the present study, forty-eight undergraduate took four personality batteries (ERQ-R, NEO-Pl-R, BIS/BAS, and IVE). Two types of oddball tasks including different stimulus duration were used to induce ERPs (50ms for task 1, 300ms for task 2). Distributional topographies of correlation coefficients with personality traits and ERP components were drawn, and considered for the consistent interpretation of the personality model structures. Even though all equivalences for extraversion of personality batteries showed similarities for their intra-correlation, their correlations with P3 amplitudes were dissociate. Eysenck's E might not be the proper psychometric measure for elucidating its biological bases. The present study supported the negative relationship of P3 amplitude and extraversion, which is the consensus of previous studies. Neuroticism and Psychoticism showed correlations with the earlier sensory processing components such as N1 and P2. This result might explain the reason why most of studies have failed to find biological connections relating them. Interaction between gender and personality traits should be considered for the interpretation of correlations. Two types of auditory stimulus duration had different sensitivity to personality traits.