• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.234-238
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• 2019

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protease on growth performance, blood constituents, and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. A total of 48 growing pigs (initial body weight, $34.8{\pm}0.62kg$) were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments (6 pigs/pen; 4 replicates/treatment). The treatments were a diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and CON supplemented with 0.01 % of protease (PRO). Pigs were fed respective dietary treatments with a 2-phase feeding program for 12 weeks. Pigs fed PRO had higher average daily gain (ADG; phase I, 866.38 vs. 821.75 g/d; overall, 910.96 vs. 866.30 g/d; p < 0.05) and gain to feed ratio (G:F; phase I, 0.345 vs. 0.363 g/g; p < 0.05) than those fed CON. However, there were no differences on blood constituents and carcass characteristics between CON and PRO of growing-finishing pigs. In conclusion, dietary protease supplementation in the typical diet for growing-finishing pigs improved growth rate.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2009

The prominent advantages of Dual Material Surrounding Gate (DMSG) MOSFETs are higher speed, higher current drive, lower power consumption, enhanced short channel immunity and increased packing density, thus promising new opportunities for scaling and advanced design. In this Paper, we present Transconductance-to-drain current ratio and electric field distribution model for dual material surrounding gate (DMSGTs) MOSFETs. Transconductance-to-drain current ratio is a better criterion to access the performance of a device than the transconductance. This proposed model offers the basic designing guidance for dual material surrounding gate MOSFETs.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.129-133
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• 1998

We have studied a relationship between the pattern of complex modulus change versus internal phase volume ratio and the rheological consistency of concentrated W/O emulsions with Magnesium Sulfate in the range 0.0 to 0.5 wt% and with different oil polarities, respectively. The rheological consistency with time of concentrated W/O emulsion was checked using Fudoh Rheometer and the coalescence of deformed water droplets was examined using polarized light microscope(LEICA DMRP). To find the pattern of complex modulus change of the concentrated emulsions versus internal phase volume ratio, the effect of varying water phase volume fraction from 0.78 up to 0.85 on viscoelastic measurements was investigated using rotational rheometer (HAAKE Rheostress RS 50). The rheological consistency was mainly destroyed by the coalescence of the deformed water droplets. The greater the increase of complex modulus was, the less coalescence occurred and the more consistent the concentrated emulsions were. And the pattern of complex modulus increase versus volume ratio has been explained with the resistance to coalescence of the deformed interfacial film of water droplets in concentrated W/O emulsion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.786-791
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• 2010

The effects of fermented garlic powder on production performance, egg quality, blood profiles and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in laying hens were studied in a 35-d experiment. Two-hundred and forty (ISA brown) layers aged 41 weeks were randomly allocated into the following four treatments: i) CON (basal diet); ii) G1 (CON+fermented garlic powder 1.0%); iii) G2 (CON+fermented garlic powder 2.0%) and iv) G3 (CON+fermented garlic powder 3.0%). There were no differences (p>0.05) among treatments in egg production, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength and eggshell thickness throughout the whole experimental period. However, yolk height was increased significantly (p<0.05) by the addition of fermented garlic powder during the 5th week while yolk color was greater (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in CON and G1 in the 5th week. Compared with CON, Haugh unit was increased (p<0.05) in response to fermented garlic powder treatments during the 5th week. No significant effects on total protein, albumin and IgG were observed in response to any of the treatments over the experimental period (p>0.05). There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in plasma cholesterol concentration when the dietary level of fermented garlic powder was increased from 0.0 to 3.0%. The levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in response to G2 and G3 while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were higher (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 treatment groups than in CON and G1. Compared with other treatments, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and PUFA:SFA ratio were higher (p<0.05) in G3. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that addition of fermented garlic powder reduced plasma cholesterol concentration and did not cause adverse effects on production performance. Moreover, addition of 3.0% garlic powder decreased SFA but increased PUFA and PUFA:SFA ratio in egg yolk.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.328-334
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• 2000

DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) films were deposited by ECR-PECVD (electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition) method with the variation of substrate bias voltage under the others are constant except it. We have investigated the ion bombardment effect induced by the substrate bias voltage on films during the deposition of film. The characteristics of the film were analyzed using the Dektak surface profiler, SEM, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Nano Indentation tester. FTIR spectroscopy analysis shows that the amount of dehydrogenation in films was increased with the increase of substrate bias voltage and films thickness was decreased. Raman scattering analysis shows that integrated intensity ratio $(I_D /I_G)$ of the D and G peak was increased as the substrate bias voltage increased, and films hardness was increased. From these results, it can be concluded that films deposited at this experimental have the enhanced characteristics of DLC because of the ion bombardment effect on films during the deposition of film.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2006

Using biochemical methods, we determined the potential of local female shrimp populations as breeding stock to select the best adult prawns for improving larval production. As condition indexes, we selected total RNA, DNA, their ratio, and trypsin activity. The DNA content in the pleopods of each local population was similar, i.e., between $0.90{\pm}0.06\;and\;1.02{\pm}0.04(SE){\mu}g/mg$. In comparison, the RNA contents differed markedly between $2.00{\pm}0.09$ and $0.96{\pm}0.08\;{\mu}g/mg$. Therefore, the RNA/DNA (R/D) ratio in the pleopod could be used as a condition index because it represents a biochemical characteristic of the population. The mean pleopodal R/D ratio of the Goheung population was the highest at $2.52{\pm}0.19$, which indicated the best condition. Trypsin activity was influenced little by shrimp condition and more by the amount of food ingested. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) and R/D ratio in the gonads provided offsetting information about the instantaneous gonad maturity. The Goheung population had the highest instantaneous GSI, despite some spawning. Based on the condition indexes and time of gonad maturation, the Goheung shrimp population is suitable for use as breeding stock.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.236-237
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• 2005

An experimental study on the Hybrid Cooling Tower has been done having a rated capacity of 3RT. Counter flow type fill, cross flow type fill and hybrid-type fill which is combined with two type fills as previously stated having a height of 0.3m have been used in the 0.8m${\times}$0.4m${\times}$1.9m dimensional tower respectively. The heat exchanger is consisting of 2 or 3 rows. The relevant temperatures and the velocities were selected based on the typical Korean weather for the year round operation of the tower. The cooling capacity of the tower is explained with respect to varying air inlet velocities, wet-bulb temperatures, and air to cooling water volume flow rate ratio (L/G ratio). The capacity of the hybrid-type fill was much superior to other fills, but hybrid-type fill shows higher pressure drop.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out the main factors affecting air quality in urban physical space factors, and provide clues for environmental improvement. Nine monitoring stations in China's industrial city, Changchun, collected AQI concentration data from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. This paper analyzes the types and distribution characteristics of urban physical facilities within a radius of 300m with the detection station as the center. The monitoring station is divided into three groups, and the difference in floating dust concentration among the three groups in different seasons is analyzed. The results show that AQI concentration is the highest in spring and winter, followed by summer, and the lowest in autumn. The place with the highest concentrations of AQI in spring are F (93.00), D (91.10), I (89.20), in summer are D (69.05), A (67.89), B (84.44), in autumn are I (62.80), G (60.84), D (53.27), D (53.27), in winter are I (95.82), H (95.60), f (94.04). Through SPSS analysis, it shows that the air index in a space with a diameter of 600 meters is related to forest land, grassland, bare land, water space, tree height, building area (average value), and building volume (average value). According to the statistical analysis results of spring and winter with the most serious pollution, forest land area (43,637m², 15.44%) and water surface area (18,736m², 6.63%) accounted for the majority, and group 1 (A, B, C) with the least average building area (448m², 0.17%) and average building volume (10,201m²) had the lowest pollution concentration. On the contrary, group 2 (D, E, F) had the highest AQI concentration, with less or no woodland (1,917m², 0.68%) and water surface area (0m², 0%), and the highest average building area (1,056m², 0.37%) and average building volume (17,470m³). It is confirmed that the characteristics of the area with the highest AQI concentration are that the more the site ratio of tree height above 12m, the smaller the site ratio of bare land, and the lower the pollution degree. On the contrary, the larger the area of bare land, the higher the pollution degree. By analyzing the characteristics of nine monitoring stations in Changchun, it can be seen that the air quality brought by the physical characteristics of urban space is closely related to the above factors.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.340-347
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• 2006

Soyasaponins $A_1$, DDMP-conjugated group B soyasaponins ${\alpha}g\;and\;{\beta}g$, non-DDMP counterpart soyasaponin I, II+III, and DDMP moiety were quantified in the large-, midium-, and small-seed soybean varieties. Protein contents were ranged from 38.1% to 41.8%, and oil contents were ranged from 15.5% to 18.9%, respectively. Oil contents in the large-seed varieties were significantly higher than those of medium- and small-seed varieties. Among detected soyasaponin peaks, ${\beta}g$ was a major soyasaponin in DDMP-conjugated group B soyasaponins followed by soyasaponin I, DDMP moiety and $A_1$. Soyasaponin concentration among different seed size soybean varieties. The soyasaponin concentration of mediumseed ($4014.5{\mu}g/g$) was slightly higher than those of largeseed ($3755.0{\mu}g/g$) and small-seed varieties ($3620.3{\mu}g/g$), however, the differences was statistically not significant. The composition rates of soyasaponins in the large-size seeds were 9.4% of soyasaponin $A_1$, 26.5% of DDMP-conjugated soyasaponins, 49.9% of non-DDMP counterpart soyasaponins, and 14.2% of DDMP moiety, respectively. Similar results were observed in the composition ratios of middle- and small-size seeds. Oil content and C:N ratio showed the significant positive correlations with total soyasaponin concentration, while the 100-seed weight, fiber, and ash contents showed the negative correlations with total soyasaponin but statistically not significant. It was noted that protein contents didn't have any relationship with group A, group B, DDMP moiety, and total soyasaponin. This fact suggested that protein contents are not affects the variation of soyasaponin concentration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1595-1604
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• 2012

Two studies were conducted to investigate the effects of anti-diarrhoeal herbs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality in pigs. In Exp 1, 150 weanling-growing piglets (average BW = $7.5{\pm}0.24$ kg, average age = $27{\pm}1$ d) were allotted into one of the five dietary treatments, including: i) CON, basal diet, ii) DP, basal diet+1 g/kg date pits, iii) JH, basal diet+0.5 g/kg Japanese-honeysuckle, iv) HCT, basal diet+1 g/kg houttuynia cordata thunb, and v) LE, basal diet+1 g/kg laquer tree extract. From wk 0 to 5, the JH, HCT and LE groups presented higher (p<0.05) ADFI, ADG and gain/feed ratio (G/F) than CON and DP groups. During wk 5 to 10, Pigs fed JH, HCT and LE diets indicated higher (p<0.05) ADG and ADFI than the pigs fed CON and DP diets. During the entire experimental period, a significant increase of ADG appeared in JH, HCT and LE (p<0.05). Pigs fed JH, HCT and LE diets got a higher (p<0.05) ADFI than the pigs fed CON and DP diets. Pigs fed diets with supplementations of herb additives revealled lower (p<0.05) score of diarrhea pigs during d 2 to d 6 compared with pigs fed CON diet. In Exp 2, 60 growing-finishing barrows and gilts (average BW = $54.10{\pm}1.20$ kg, average age = $54{\pm}3$ d) were allotted to three treatments: i) CON, basal diet; ii) YG, basal diet+1 g/kg yellow ginger and iii) HR, basal dietary+1 g/kg hoantchy root, respectively. From wk 0 to 5, Dietary supplementation of YG and HR enhanced (p<0.05) ADG. No difference was found between YG and HR treatments. During, wk 5 to 10, ADG also was observed higher in YG and HR treatments than CON group (p<0.05). Additional, YG had the highest ADG (p<0.05) among treatments. There was always an increase of ADG in YG and HR (p<0.05) through all periods. HR treatment showed a lower (p<0.05) score of diarrhoeal pigs on d 1and d 2 compared with CON treatment. Pigs fed YG and HR diets had a higher (p<0.05) longissimus muscle area (LMA) than pigs fed CON diet. In conclusion, anti-diarrhoeal herbs can improve growth performance, and prevent diarrhea incidence in pigs, it can also increase LMA in finishing pigs.