• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2023

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2023

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.101-105
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• 2007

Lammas growth, a rare phenomenon for Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora), occurred in 2006. Lammas shoots showed higher frequency and longer length in Seoul's hotter urban center than in urban boundary or suburban forest sites. Frequency and length showed a close correlation with urbanization density and vegetation cover expressed in NDVI. Air temperature in the late summer of 2006 was more than $1^{\circ}C$ higher than an average year. Of the predominant environmental signals that modulate bud flush, only temperature changed significantly during the year. Differences in temperature between the urban centers, urban boundaries and suburban forests correlated with varying land-use density. The rise in temperature likely spurred lammas growth of the Korean red pine. Symptoms of climate change are being detected throughout the world, and its consequences will be clearer in the future. Considerate interest in the responses of ecological systems to the variable changes is required to prepare for unforeseeable crises. Monitoring of diverse ecological phenomena at Long Term Ecological Research sites could offer harbingers of change.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.287-291
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• 2012

This study investigated the effects of proline-serine (PS) and valine-serine (VS) dipeptides on melanogenesis in Mel-Ab cells. Proline-serine and VS significantly inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, though neither dipeptide directly inhibited tyrosinase activity in a cell-free system. Both PS and VS down-regulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase. In a follow-up study also described here, the effects of these dipeptides on melanogenesis-related signal transduction were quantified. Specifically, PS and VS induced ERK phosphorylation, though they had no effect on phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). These data suggest that PS and VS inhibit melanogenesis through ERK phosphorylation and subsequent down-regulation of MITF and tyrosinase. Properties of these dipeptides are compatible with application as skin-whitening agents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.457-459
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• 2007

낙동강 하구의 맹금머리등, 백합등, 도요등의 세 개의 사주의 갈대분포와 관련된 토양 및 수질환경요인을 조사하였다. 대상지역의 갈대우점지역과 비우점지역에 대하여 토양 유기물 함량, 양이온 교환능력과 같은 토양 특성을 조사한 결과 이들 특성이 사주형성시기와 갈대의 분포유무와 관계있는 것으로 조사되었다. 유기물 함량은 갈대서식지역이 더 높게 나타났는데 이는 갈대의 성장으로 인한 토양의 유기물 축적 결과로 하구의 갈대가 사주의 토양환경에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 사료된다. 토양내 질소와 인 농도 역시 갈대우점지역에서 비우점지역에 비해 높게 나타났는데, 이는 토양 내 영양염류가 많은 곳을 갈대가 선호함과 동시에 갈대에 함유된 질소와 인성분이 토양에 집적된 두 가지 경우를 모두 고려할 수 있다. 수질조사 결과 현재 해수의 수질이 직접적으로 갈대의 분포에 영향을 주는 것은 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 토양양이온능력과 유기물 함량과 같은 토양특성 조사와 함께 고려하면 퇴적으로 인한 사주형성 및 토양유실과 갈대분포와 관련이 이는 사주에 형성된 식생이 사주의 영양물질 순환에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 가를 잘 설명해 주는 예라 할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.361.1-361.1
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• 2014

PbVO3 (PVO), a polar magnetic material considered as a candidate of multiferroic, has ferroelectricity along the c-axis and 2-dimensional antiferromagnetism lying in the in-plane through epitaxial growth [1,2]. PVO thin films were grown on LaAlO3 (001) substrates under reduction atmosphere from a stable Pb2V2O7 sintered target using pulsed laser deposition method. Epitaxial growth of the PVO films is possible only under Ar atmospheren with no oxygen partial pressure. X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the phase formation and texture of the films. We confirmed epitaxial growth of the PVO films with crystalline relationship of PbVO3[001]//LaAlO3[001] and PbVO3[100]//LaAlO3[100]. In addition, surface morphology of the films displays drastic changes in accordance with the growth conditions. Elongated PVO grains are related to the Pb2V2O7 pyrochlore structure. The relation between structural deformation and ferroelectricity in the PVO films was examined by local measurement of piezoresponse force microscopy.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.98-105
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• 2011

Patterns and levels of aging vary between the book volume and sheets, even though both are made from the same paper materials. In case of book format, the outside is more easily affected than inner side by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and air. In this study, the change in optical properties after dry heating accelerated aging was comparatively analyzed to understand the difference of the optical aging characteristics between outside and inner side of the duplicated beeswax-treated volume. It is found that the cover pages of the beeswax-treated volumes were more optically deteriorated than their middle pages. This indicates that outer sides of aging book volume directly exposed to the air is more vulnerable to serious deterioration than inner sides. Also, aromatic compounds such as benzoic acid and cinnamic acid were observed in the investigation of UV/VIS absorbance of the beeswax in each aged sample.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.664-668
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• 2002

KR-31543,(2S,3R,4S)-6-amino-4-[N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-ylmethyl)amino]-3,4-dihydro-2-dimethoxymethyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran is a new neuroprotetive agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage. The in vitro and in vivo metabolism of KR-31543 in rats has been studied by LC-electrospray mass spectrometry. Rat liver microsomal incubation of KR-31543 in the presence of NADPH resulted in the formation of a metabolite M1. M1 was identified as N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-ylmethyl)amine on the basis of LC-MS/MS analysis with the synthesized authentic standard. Rat CYP3A1 and 3A2 are the major CYP isozymes involved in the formation of M1.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.512-518
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• 2004

We have synthesized a novel macromonomer of vinyl-terminated bifunctional polyurethane having a molecular weight of 37,000 g/mol and successfully applied it to the dispersion polymerization of methylmethacrylate(MMA). We verified the presence of the vinyl terminal group and the macromonomer grafted onto the poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) block in the PMMA particles by using $^1$H and $\^$13/C NMR spectroscopies. Monodisperse PMMA microspheres that have good uniformity of 1.01 were prepared at 20 wt% macromonomer content; we investigated the characteristics of the PMMA particles in terms of their molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, size of the particles, thermal properties, and glass transition temperature. We have found that the synthesized polyurethane macromonomer is an effective stabilizer.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.393-395
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• 2009

We fabricated oxide and oxide/organic hybrid TFTs on a glass substrate using the photolithography process under $200^{\circ}C$. We adopt the solution processed organic ferroelectric materials of P(VDF-TrFE) and polyimide (KSPI) insulator for 1-T structure memory and flexible device, respectively. All devices have successfully operated and showed the possibility of hybrid TFTs for the application to the flexible electronic devices.