• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2012년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.200-204
• /
• 2012

In engineering hydrology, an estimation of precipitation loss is one of the most important issues for successful modeling to forecast flooding or evaluate water resources for both surface and subsurface flows in a watershed. An accurate estimation of precipitation loss is required for successful implementation of rainfall-runoff models. Precipitation loss or hydrological abstraction may be defined as the portion of the precipitation that does not contribute to the direct runoff. It may consist of several loss elements or abstractions of precipitation such as infiltration, depression storage, evaporation or evapotranspiration, and interception. A composite loss rate model that combines four loss rates over time is derived as a lumped form of a continuous time function for a storm event. The composite loss rate model developed is an exponential model similar to Horton's infiltration model, but its parameters have different meanings. In this model, the initial loss rate is related to antecedent precipitation amounts prior to a storm event, and the decay factor of the loss rate is a composite decay of four losses.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.413-413
• /
• 2023

Wetlands are a critical component of the global carbon cycle and are essential in mitigating climate change. Accurately quantifying wetland carbon emissions is crucial for understanding and predicting the impact of wetlands on the global carbon budget. The uncertainty quantifying carbon in wetlands may comes from the ecosystem's hydrological, biochemical, and microbiological variability. The Community Land Model is a sophisticated and flexible land surface model that offers several configuration options such as energy and water fluxes, vegetation dynamics, and biogeochemical cycling, necessitating careful consideration for the alternative configurations before model implementation to develop a practical model framework. We conducted a systematic literature review, analyzing the alternatives, focusing on the carbon stock pools configurations and the parameters with significant sensitivity for carbon quantification in wetlands. In addition, we evaluated the feasibility and availability of in situ observation data necessary for validating the different alternatives. This analysis identified the most suitable option for our study site, the Binbong Wetland, in Korea.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.231-242
• /
• 2010

The objective of study was to determine an optimal location of a float-type curtain weir in Daecheong Reservoir and to assess its effectiveness for the control of algal blooms in the reservoir. CE-QUAL-W2, a laterally averaged two-dimensional hydrodynamic and eutrophication model, was modified to accommodate vertical displacement of the weir according to water surface fluctuation and applied to simulate the reservoir hydrodynamics and water quality changes for the reservoir. The model calibrated in a previous study was updated and validated for different hydrological conditions representing drought year (2008) and normal year (2006) for the study, and adequately simulated the temporal and spatial variations of water temperature, nutrients and algal (Chl-a) concentrations. The effectiveness of curtain weir on the control of algal bloom was evaluated by applying the validated model to 2001 and 2006 assuming 9 scenarios for different installation locations. The reduction rates of algal concentration were placed in the range of 11.2~40.3% and 20.3~56.7% for 2001 and 2006, respectively. Although, the performance of curtain weir was slightly varied for different locations and different hydrological years, overall, the performance was improved as the weir was installed further downstream.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.268-278
• /
• 2010

This study derived the effectiveness analysis results of construction of wastewater treatment plant under climate change scenarios. Canadian Global Coupled Model (CGCM3) was used and A1B and A2 of Special Report on Emission Scenario (SRES) were selected. Regional climate change data for this application were downscaled by using Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) and the flow and BOD concentration durations were obtained by using Hydrological Simulation Program - Fortran (HSPF). The criteria for low flow and water quality were chosen as $Q_{99}$, $Q_{95}$, $Q_{90}$ and $C_{30}$, $C_{10}$, $C_1$. The numbers of days to satisfy the instreamflow requirements and target BOD concentration were also added to the criteria for comparison. As a results, small wastewater treatment plant improved the water cycle due to the increase of low flow and the decrease of BOD concentration. But climate change affected the reduction of effectiveness significantly. Especially in case of construction of small waste water treatment plant in the upstream region, it is necessary to take climate change impact into consideration since it is usually related to the low flow and the water quality of the stream.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.875-886
• /
• 1994

본 연구는 유역의 지형인자를 고려한 강우의 수리학적 단기유출 해석 시스템을 개발한 것이다. 강우 유출의 기본 개념은 Kinematic Wave 이론에 의거하였으며, 그 수치해는 특성곡선 추적법에 의하여 산출된다. 개발된 강우유출해석 시스템은 한개의 하도를 중심으로 좌우 2개의 등가사면을 지니는 단위 등가조도 모델이 복수개의 하도망을 따라 결합된 복합 등가조도 유역 모델로 구성되며, 등가조도유역 모델은 유역의 하천차수이론에 근거하여 규정됨으로써 유역이 지니는 확률적 지형인자를 모델 파라메타에 함축시키는 특성을 지닌다. 모델 파라메타의 민감도분석과 IHP 대표유역인 보청천 유역의 지형 및 수문자료를 이용한 모델 보정과 검정을 통하여 제안 시스템의 현장 적용성과 재현가능성이 확인되었다. 본 연구의 성과에 의하여 해석대상 등가유역의 시공간상 임의 위치에서 수리량의 시간변동 예측 및 유역의 개발에 따른 단기적 수질변동 해석에 요구되는 수리량의 해석이 가능하게 되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제45권10호
• /
• pp.1009-1022
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 댐 건설 사업을 추진하는 경우 발생되는 갈등사안 중에서 수문학적으로 접근하여 이수 및 치수에 대한 갈등 발생원인을 파악하고 이해당사자들의 직접적인 참여와 의견을 수렴하여 대안 모의와 결과를 도모할 수 있는 공영시각모형(SVM)을 개발하였다. 이수부문에서는 각 행정구역별 생활용수, 공업 및 농업용수 수요를 예측하고, 치수부문에서는 각 구조적 대안이 형성되는 경우 신속하게 모의하여 수위저감효과, 침수면적 및 피해액의 변화를 제시하여 상호의견 교환에 따른 합의점을 도출할 수 있도록 구축하였다. 이러한 공영시각모형의 이용은 정보공개의 정확성, 결과의 신뢰성 등을 확보할 수 있게 함으로써 댐 건설에 대한 갈등 조정 및 완화에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제41권11호
• /
• pp.1153-1162
• /
• 2008

수문학적 해석에 있어 레이더 강우의 활용은 원시자료를 획득하기가 어려울 뿐만 아니라 이를 처리하여 적용하는 과정이 간단하지 않기 때문에 대부분의 연구와 실무적용에 있어 많은 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 레이더 영상자료를 실용적으로 활용하기 위한 방안으로 기상청에서 제공하는 레이더 합성 CAPPI(Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator) 이미지 자료를 디지털 강우자료로 변환할 수 있는 '레이더 영상 디지털 변환법(RAIDOM, RAdar Image DigitalizatiOn Method)'을 연구 개발하였다. 2006년 7월에 발생한 국지성 집중호우와 한강유역 중상류 지역에 걸쳐 큰 홍수량을 발생시킨 2개의 호우사상에 대하여 레이더 강우자료를 분포형 모형에 적용하여 활용성을 검토하였다. 모의된 홍수수문곡선은 실측치와 잘 일치하였고 RAIDOM과 이를 적용한 분포형 모형이 홍수예보를 위하여 활용될 수 있음을 보여주었다. 이러한 연구를 통하여 수문해석에 있어 레이더 강우에 대한 활용성을 넓히는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제56권3호
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2014

This study was to evaluate the potential climate change impact on watershed hydrological components of evapotranspiration, surface runoff, lateral flow, return flow, and streamflow using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). For Yongdam dam watershed (930 $km^2$), the SWAT model was calibrated for five years (2002-2006) and validated for three years (2004-2006) using daily streamflow data at three locations and daily soil moisture data at five locations. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination ($R^2$) were 0.43-0.67 and 0.48-0.70 for streamflow, and 0.16-0.65 and 0.27-0.76 for soil moisture, respectively. For future evaluation, the HadGEM3-RA climate data by Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were adopted. The biased future data were corrected using 30 years (1982-2011, baseline period) of ground weather data. The HadGEM3-RA 2080s (2060-2099) temperature and precipitation showed increase of $+4.7^{\circ}C$ and +22.5 %, respectively based on the baseline data. The impacts of future climate change on the evapotranspiration, surface runoff, baseflow, and streamflow showed changes of +11.8 %, +36.8 %, +20.5 %, and +29.2 %, respectively. Overall, the future hydrologic results by RCP emission scenarios showed increase patterns due to the overall increase of future temperature and precipitation.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.253-268
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 분포형 수문모형 SWAT-K를 사용한 함양률을 산정하고 이를 뒷받침하기 위해 유역 내에서 실제로 관측한 수문곡선 자료를 기반으로 기저유출 분리법을 이용하여 함양량 산정의 타당성을 평가하였다. 통상 지하수 개발가능량 산정 시 10년 빈도 갈수 시 강수량에 평균함양률을 곱하여 실무에 활용하고 있으나, 실제로 함양률은 강수량이 작을수록 작아지는 경향을 보이기 때문에 평균 함양률을 사용하게 되면 개발가능량이 과다 산정될 가능성이 높다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 강수량 규모를 고려한 함양량으로 함양률을 재산정하여 개발가능량을 산정하였다. 이 방법을 의왕·과천·성남시에 적용한 결과 소유역별 개발가능량은 기존 방법 대비 55.5~77.6%로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대기
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.267-277
• /
• 2012

The objectives of this study are to develop a real-time drought monitoring and prediction system on the East Asia domain and to evaluate the performance of the system by using past historical drought records. The system is mainly composed of two parts: drought monitoring for providing current drought indices with meteorological and hydrological conditions; drought outlooks for suggesting future drought indices and future hydrometeorological conditions. Both parts represent the drought conditions on the East Asia domain (latitude $21.15{\sim}50.15^{\circ}$, longitude $104.40{\sim}149.65^{\circ}$), Korea domain (latitude $30.40{\sim}43.15^{\circ}$, longitude $118.65{\sim}135.65^{\circ}$) and South Korea domain (latitude $30.40{\sim}43.15^{\circ}$, longitude $118.65{\sim}135.65^{\circ}$), respectively. The observed meteorological data from ASOS (Automated Surface Observing System) and AWS (Automatic Weather System) of KMA (Korean Meteorological Administration) and model-driven hydrological data from LSM (Land Surface model) are used for the real-time drought monitoring, while the monthly and seasonal weather forecast information from UM (Unified Model) of KMA are utilized for drought outlooks. For the evaluation of the system, past historical drought records occurred in Korea are surveyed and are compared with the application results of the system. The results demonstrated that the selected drought indices such as KMA drought index, SPI (3), SPI (6), PDSI, SRI and SSI are reasonable, especially, the performance of SRI and SSI provides higher accuracy that the others.