• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.39-52
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• 1990

The research is to insure the soundness of the stainless steel overlaid weld metal(21/4Cr-IMo steel + SUS 309L) for a pressure vessel application. Detail studies were conducted for the PWHT influence on the micrstructure and intergranular corrosion characteristics of the overlaid weld metal as well as initiation of hydrogen embrittlement crack(or Disbonding) when welded metal are exposed to the hydrogen atmosphere. Hydrogen was experimentally charged to the overlaid weld metal in order to study PWHT effect on the susceptibility of hydrogen embrittlement crack. The results of this research are as follows: 1. At the bond region, austenite grain of the stainless steel side became coarsed and Cr23C6 type carbide was precipitated at the coarsed austenitic grain boundaries. Intergranular Corrosion width(by Straiss test) increased with increasing PWHT temperature and PWHT time.

• Composites Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

복합재 고압 용기는 우수한 기계적 강도를 유지하면서 경쟁적인 무게절감을 얻을 수 있는 복합재의 장점으로 인해 최근에 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 고압에서 발생하는 복합재의 기밀 문제(permeability)를 보완하기 위해 금속으로 덧대는 Type 3 형태의 구조로 많이 사용된다. 그러나 복잡한 기하학적 형상, 제조공정 변수 등으로 인해 차입 3 형태의 압력용기를 설계하는 데에는 많은 어려움이 뒤따른다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 변수들을 고려하는 준측지궤적 알고리즘(semi-geodesic algorithm)과 최적화를 위한 유전자 알고리즘을 적용하여 차입 3 복합재 압력용기의 GUI(graphic user interface) 최적설계 프로그램을 개발하였다. 또한 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 연료 전지 자동차에 적용되는 350/700 바 수소저장용기에 대해 최적 설계를 수행하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2024

In this study, several studies were conducted on the construction of gas conversion process system for a pilot plant using a small-scale hydrogen liquefaction system. The pilot plant considered in this study includes a liquefier, a storage tank, an evaporator, a gas booster, and a gas storage tank. First, the suspected leak area of the container was checked using the sprayed method of helium gas. The small-scale hydrogen liquefaction system was designed based on the analysis results of the pre-cooling system and the liquefaction system. Additionally, the program was developed to maintain pressure within vessel for an automatic production of liquid hydrogen. The evaporator for liquid hydrogen was manufactured based on the designed analysis data, and the pollution of gas in the vessel was analyzed through a gas recovery line system.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2004년도 요약집 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.325-325
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• 2004

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.938-945
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• 2012

To design and estimate material failures of Type III pressure vessels, which have excellent stability and performance, various modeling techniques have been introduced. This paper provided a hybrid modeling technique composed of ply-based modeling for a cylinder part and laminate-base modeling technique for a dome part for enhancing modeling efficiency. The ply-based modeling technique provided accurate ply stresses directly for predicting material failure, on the other hand, additional manipulations in stress calculations, which may cause some errors, were needed for the case of the laminate-based modeling technique. The ply stresses in fiber, transverse and in-plane shear directions were compared with the corresponding material strengths to predict material failure.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.132-137
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• 2008

A failure analysis of ammonia converter which suffered hydrogen attack in two years since its initial operating time was presented. It is constructed from 2.25 Cr.1 Mo steel. Analysis showed that the failure on closing seam weld joint was due to local improper post weld heat treatment (PWHT). Improper PWHT can introduce high residual stresses in thick-walled pressure vessel. High residual stress level in weld joint is very prone to hydrogen attack for any components which are operating in hydrogen gas environment. The repair procedures based on the principle to decrease the residual stress then proposed. The repair was controlled very carefully by applying several nondestructive tests in the each stage of repair. To assure the successful of the proposed repair, after one year since repair time, high temperature ultrasonic and TOFD methods were applied on-stream to this equipment in order to evaluate its post repair condition. The two methods showed good results on the repaired area.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2004

실린더형의 내용적 6리터의 용기를 이용하여 수소와 액화석유 가스(LPG)의 폭발 특성을 측정하였고 270리터의 직육면체 용기를 이용하여 폭발 후 화재로의 전이 현상을 실험하였다. 폭발 특성은 strain type 압력센서를 사용하여 측정하였으며 폭발 후 화재로의 전이 현상은 고속카메라로 촬영하여 분석하였다. 실험 결과 완전 연소 농도 비보다 약간 높은 농도에서 최대 폭발압력을 나타내었다. 폭발압력 상승 속도와 화염 전파속도는 연소속도와 비례함을 알 수 있었으며 이러한 폭발 특성들은 폭발 후 화재로의 전이에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 또한 폭발 화염온도, 화염의 용기 내 체류시간 등도 폭발 후 화재로의 전이에 중요한 변수가 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 수소차에 사용되는 수소압력용기 비파괴 안전성 평가 플랫폼 개발을 위해 유한요소해석을 사용하여 안전성 평가 기준 개발에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. Type 4 수소 압력 용기의 안전성을 평가하기 위해 복합 재료의 특성에 따른 매개변수를 바탕으로 재료의 물성을 유한요소 해석을 통해 도출하였다. 이를 통해 수소압력용기에 사용되는 CFRP 복합소재의 기계적 특성을 바탕으로, 내부 결함을 모델링하고 수소압력용기에 대한 평가기준을 사용하여 내부결함에 대한 파손가능성 여부를 도출하는 프로세스를 연구하였다. 결함은 박리, 이물질, 표면 수직균열을 모델링하고 파손 기준에 따른 손상을 분석하여 비파괴검사를 통해 검출된 결함의 안전성 여부를 판단할 수 있는 방법을 연구하였다. 연구 결과 박리 결함은 수소 압력용기의 내부에 근접할수록 파손가능성이 높아졌으며, 수직 균열을 경우 균열의 깊이가 깊어질수록 손상가능성이 높게 나타났다. 또한, 이물질 결함의 경우 압력용기의 외부 방향에 비해 내부 방향에 위치한 경우 손상가능성이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 결함의 종류, 형상 및 크기에 따른 수소압력용기의 안전성을 평가할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였으며, 향후 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 수소차량 압력용기의 비파괴시험 안전검사 플랫폼 개발 연구를 수행하고자 한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2021

In this study, we conducted a design optimization of the Type 4 composite pressure vessels to enhance the pressure-resistant performance of the vessels while keeping the thickness of the composite layer. The design variables for the optimization were the stacking angles of the helical layers of the vessels to improve the performance. Since the carbon fibers are expensive material, it is desirable to reduce the use of the carbon fibers by applying an optimal design of the composite pressure vessel. The structural analysis and optimization process for the design of Type 4 composite pressure vessels were carried out using a commercial finite element analysis software, Abaqus and a plug-in for automated simulation, Isight, respectively. The optimization results confirmed the performance and safety of the optimized Type 4 composite pressure vessels was enhanced by 12.84% compared to the initial design.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.2836-2846
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• 2020

During severe nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents, a H₂/CO mixture can be generated in the reactor pressure vessel by core degradation and in the containment as well by molten corium-concrete interaction. In spite of its importance, a state-of-the-art methodology predicting H₂/CO combustion risk relies predominantly on empirical correlations. It is therefore necessary to develop a proper methodology for flammability evaluation of H₂/CO mixtures at ex-vessel phases characterized by three factors: CO concentration, high temperature, and diluents. The developed methodology adopted Le Chatelier's law and a calculated non-adiabatic flame temperature model. The methodology allows the consideration of the individual effect of the heat transfer characteristics of hydrogen and carbon monoxide on low flammability limit prediction. The accuracy of the developed model was verified using experimental data relevant to ex-vessel phase conditions. With the developed model, the prediction accuracy was improved substantially such that the maximum relative prediction error was approximately 25% while the existing methodology showed a 76% error. The developed methodology is expected to be applicable for flammability evaluation in chemical as well as NPP industries.